Microorganism classifications Flashcards
what are the five major classifications of microorganisms?
virus,algae,fungi,protozoa,bacteria
what microorganism are a prokaryote?
bacteria
what microorganisms are a eukaryote?
algae,fungi,protozoa
what are the characteristics of prokaryotes?
no nucleus, no internal membrane bound organelles, cell membrane, ribosomes, use binary fission
what are the characteristics of eukaryotes?
nucleus, internal membrane bound organelles ,cell membrane, ribosomes, use mitosis and meiosis, more than one chromosome, larger cells
characteristics of viruses
noncellular, require host to live, 15nm-450nm
what are examples of viruses?
HIV, Herpes, Hepatitis, Flu
characteristics of algae
photosynthetic, unicellular or multicellular, found in fresh and ocean waters
characteristics of protozoa
single celled eukaryotes, similar to animals cells in structure, typically live in water, reproduce asexually, capable of locomotion
what are pseudopodia?
false feet
what are cilia?
hair like projections used for movement
what are flagella?
long filament like tails used for swimming
characteristics of fungi
eukaryotic, possess cell walls, composed of molds and yeasts
characteristics of molds
multicellular; have hyphae;
reproduce by sexual and asexual spores
characteristics of yeasts
unicellular; reproduce asexually by
budding;
characteristics of bacteria
All Prokaryotic, Diverse environments, Energy source: Chemical / Light, Size: 0.5 - 10 μm, Most are single cell
what three important traits help identify the genus and species of bacteria?
– Shape
– Cell wall type
– Motility
what is a nucleoid?
heredity (single, circular DNA chromosome)
what is the cytoplasm?
80% water, ribosomes, inclusions)
what is the inner cell membrane?
ATP synthesis, selective permeability (phospholipid
bilayer with proteins)
what is the cell wall?
rigidity (peptides, carbohydrates)
what is the periplasm?
space between CM and OM
what is the outer membrane?
additional cell membrane
Gram Neg only
what is a capsule?
slimy protective coat outside of
the cell
