MICROORGANISMS : FRIEND AND FOE Flashcards
(23 cards)
Living organisms which we normally cannot see are called
Microorganisms or Microbes
Microorganisms are classified into how many groups?
Four
Name the 4 major groups microorganisms are classified into
Bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae
Microorganisms that can reproduce or multiply only inside the cells of the host organism are called
Virus
Diseases like cold, influenza, polio and chicken pox are also caused by?
Virus
Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by?
Protozoa
Diseases like typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are caused by?
Bacteria
State True or False
Many microorganisms are used in the preparation of curd, bread and cake
True
In agriculture microorganisms are used to increase soil __________
Fertility
Which bacteria promotes the formation of curd?
Lactobacillus
This process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as?
Fermentation
Who discovered fermentation?
Louis Pasteur (Pronounced Looi Paas-tuh)
Which type of medicines are derived from microorganisms?
Antibiotics
Examples of commonly known antibiotics
Streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin and erythromycin
Who discovered penicillin (a medicine)?
Alexander Fleming
Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
Edward Jenner
State True or False
Several diseases, including cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination.
True
When a disease-carrying microbe enters our body, the body produces __________
Antibodies
Bacteria that can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere are called
Biological Nitrogen Fixers
Disease-causing microorganisms are called
Pathogens
Microbial diseases that can spread from one person to another are called?
Communicable Diseases
Salts and edible oils are the common chemicals generally used to check the growth of microorganisms. Therefore they are called ___________
Preservatives
Two of the most commonly used preservatives in food are
Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite
