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MicroPara Buzzwords Flashcards

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1
Q

Micro/Para

Tinea versicolor is a cutaneous fungal infection. TRUE or FALSE?

A

FALSE. Superficial.

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2
Q

Micro/Para

Candida is a superficial fungal infection. TRUE or FALSE?

A

FALSE. Cutaneous.

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3
Q

Micro/Para

Tinea capitis is a dermatophytoses of which body region?

A

Scalp

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4
Q

Micro/Para

Superficial and cutaneous fungal infections can be visualized using which agent?

A

KOH

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5
Q

Micro/Para

Gardens are at risk for this fungal infection.

A

Sporotrichosis Other Buzzwords: necrosis/ulceration, potassium ioide

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6
Q

Micro/Para

Systemic fungal infections are treated with which antibiotics?

A

Amphotericin B, Itraconazole, Fluconazole

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7
Q

Micro/Para

Cryptococcus neoformans is dimorphic. TRUE or FALSE?

A

FALSE. It is a yeast.

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8
Q

Micro/Para

What is cryptococcosis commonly associated with in AIDS patients?

A

Meningitis

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9
Q

Micro/Para

Give two disease entities associated with candida in an immunocompromised host.

A

Esophagitis, Disseminated infection

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10
Q

Micro/Para

Candida is part of the normal skin flora. TRUE or FALSE?

A

TRUE

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11
Q

Micro/Para

Which fungi is associated with liver cancer?

A

Aspergillus flavus

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12
Q

Micro/Para

Which of the following fungi-like bacteria is part of the normal oral flora? A. Actinomycetes B. Nocardia

A

Actinomycetes

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13
Q

Micro/Para

What are the buzzwords associated with Actinomycetes and Nocardia?

A

Actinomycetes: sulfur granules, Nocardia: partially acid-fast

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14
Q

Micro/Para

The genetic material of a virus can be DNA, RNA, or both. TRUE or FALSE?

A

False. Either DNA or RNA only.

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15
Q

Micro/Para

What is the protein coat of a virus called?

A

Capsid

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16
Q

Micro/Para

What are the DNA viruses?

A

HHAPPPy: Herpes, Hepadna, Adeno, Papova, Parvo, Pox

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17
Q

Micro/Para

What is the only single-stranded DNA virus?

A

Parvovirus (the pervert, is also NAKED) Other Buzzwords: erythema infectiosum, fifth disease, slapped cheek appearance

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18
Q

Micro/Para

What are the negative strand, enveloped viruses?

A

Orthodox Rabbis Party Around Fine Bunnies (Ortho, Rhabdo, Paramyxo, Arena, Filo, Bunya)

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19
Q

Micro/Para

Which viruses belong to the Picorna family?

A

PECoRNA (Polio, Echo, Coxachie, Rhino, eNtero, A-hepa)

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20
Q

Micro/Para

Which virus is the only double-stranded, naked virus?

A

Reo

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21
Q

Micro/Para

Which virus is bullet-shaped?

A

Rabies

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22
Q

Micro/Para

Which viruses belong to the Paramyxo family?

A

PaRaMyxO (Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles virus, Orchitis virus/ mumps)

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23
Q

Micro/Para

The common flu is caused by which family of viruses?

A

Orthomyxo

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24
Q

Micro/Para

Hemagglutinin is to ___ a ___ as ___b___ is to mucin.

A

A. Sialic acid B. Neuraminidase

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25
# Micro/Para What stran is the 1997 avian influenza virus?
H5 N1
26
# Micro/Para What disease is associated with aspirin and influenza?
Reye's syndrome Other Buzzwords: encephalopathy, liver damage
27
# Micro/Para Paramyxoviridae (RSV) possess F1 proteins, causing which characteristic histologic finding?
Multinucleated giant cells (syncitial cells)
28
# Micro/Para Parainfluenza causes which type of disease?
Croup Other Buzzwords: barking cough, seal
29
# Micro/Para What type of vaccine is used in MMR?
Live attenuated
30
# Micro/Para What is the pattern of measles infection?
10 days incubation, 3 prodrome, 2 Koplick spots, 6 rash, head to toe
31
# Micro/Para What is the complication of measles involving the CNS
SSPE
32
# Micro/Para Which hepatitis virus is a DNA virus?
HBV
33
# Micro/Para What is the expected rise in ALT/ AST with viral hepatitis?
Increase
34
# Micro/Para How about Alk Pos?
Increase (slight, also delayed)
35
# Micro/Para Which hepatitis viruses are transmitted via fecal-oral route?
HAV. HEV
36
# Micro/Para Infectivity of HBV is related to titers of which of the following? A. HBsAg B. Anti-HBcAg C. Anti-HBsAg D. HBeAg
D. HBeAg (Enfectivity!!!)
37
# Micro/Para Length of HBV infection is related totiters of which of the following? A. HBsAg B. Anti-HBcAg C. Anti-HBsAg D. HBeAg
B. Anti-HBcAg Chronicity! IgM - momentarily here, IgG - going on for some time
38
# Micro/Para Which hepatitis virus is associated with HBV?
HDV
39
# Micro/Para Which hepatitis virus is associated with mortality in pregnancy?
HEV
40
# Micro/Para Give two examples of retrovirus.
HIV, HTLV
41
# Micro/Para What are the three enzymescontained inside an HIV virion?
RIP (Reverse transcriptase, Integrase, Protease)
42
# Micro/Para What are the three genes contained in the HIV genome?
PEG (Pol, Env, Gag)
43
# Micro/Para What are the three regulatory genes in the HIV genome?
Tat, Rev, Nef
44
# Micro/Para What are the major surface proteins of HIV?
gp 120, gp 41 (p24 - caspid)
45
# Micro/Para Which cell is affected by HIV? A. CD4+ B. CD8+
A. CD4+
46
# Micro/Para What is the magic cut-off number of T-cell count for AIDS?
200 cells/mL
47
# Micro/Para Which infections are common when CD4+ levels just dip below 400?
Oral thrush, herpes zoster, TB
48
# Micro/Para How about when full-blown AIDS occurs (CD4+ \< 200)?
PCP (pneumonia)
49
# Micro/Para … when CD4+ \< 100?
Toxoplasma (mass effect), Cryptococcus (meningitis)
50
# Micro/Para … and when CD4+ \< 50?
Disseminated MAI (and finally CMV)
51
# Micro/Para which malignancies are associated with HIV-AIDS?
Kaposi sarcoma (HHV-8), B-cell lymphoma
52
# Micro/Para What diagnostic test is confirmatory for HIV infection?
Western blot (ELISA is for screening)
53
# Micro/Para HSV-1 is to \_\_\_a\_\_\_ as HSV-2 is to \_\_\_b\_\_\_.
A. Gingivostomatitis, Encephalitis, Keratitis B. Genital herpes
54
# Micro/Para What disease is caused by reactivation of latent VSV?
Shingles Other Buzword: dermatomal, dorsal root ganglion, herpes-zoster, acyclovir, ultra painful/ sensitive
55
# Micro/Para What does TORCHES stand for?
Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV, Herpes, HIV, Syphilis
56
# Micro/Para CMV is associated with which risk factor/ disease?
Bone marrow transplant, AIDS
57
# Micro/Para Mononucleosis is associatd with which virus?
EBV Other Buzzwords: kissing disease, B-cell lymphoma
58
# Micro/Para Which STD is caused by a pox virus?
Molluscum contagiosum Other Buzzwords: dome-shaped, dimpled
59
# Micro/Para Which virus is responsible for cervical cancer?
HPV 16 (curious pa), 18 (legal na), 31 (kasal na), 45 (huling hirit!)
60
# Micro/Para What is the other term for Rubella?
German measles
61
# Micro/Para Flavaviruses cause which diseases?
Yellow Fever, Dengue fever (Aedes!)
62
# Micro/Para Polio is transmitted via fecal-oral route. TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
63
# Micro/Para What is the difference between Salk and Sabin polio vaccines?
Salk: formalin-killed, SubQ; Sabin: live attenuated, oral
64
# Micro/Para Which viruses are most commonly culprit of the common cold?
Rhino and Corona
65
# Micro/Para What is the difference between Coxackie A and B?
A (above neck! Herpangina), B (below neck! Pleurodynia, Myo/ pericarditis)
66
# Micro/Para Negri bodies can be ound in which compartment of cell infected with which virus?
Cytoplasm, Rabies virus
67
# Micro/Para Filoviridae is famous for causing an epidemic of which disease?
Ebola
68
# Micro/Para What are the two common forms of protozoa?
Cysts (dormant), Trophozoite (motile)
69
# Micro/Para Entamoeba hystolitica causes water diarrhea. TRUE or FALSE?
FALSE, bloody
70
# Micro/Para Giardia lamblia is associated with what type of diarrhea?
Watery, foul-smelling, Steatorrheic stools
71
# Micro/Para What protozoan is associated with an STD?
Trichomonas vaginalis
72
# Micro/Para Which antibiotic is used to treat Naegleria infection?
Amphotericin B
73
# Micro/Para Differentiate two disease causing free-living protozoans?
Naegleria: acute, PAM; Acanthamoeba: subacute, GAE
74
# Micro/Para Toxoplasmosis commonly affects which 2 organs?
Brain (mass lesion), Eyes (retina)
75
# Micro/Para What is the characteristic fever pattern of the different Plasmodium species?
P. falciparum: 24-28hrs, P. vivax: 48hrs, P. ovale: 48hrs, P. malariae: 72hrs
76
# Micro/Para Which Plasmodium species feared fr its complications?
P. falciparum
77
# Micro/Para Which Plasmodium species is/ are associated with malarial relapse?
P. vivax/ ovale Other Buzzwords: Hypnozoites, Primaquine
78
# Micro/Para What are the vectors of the blood-borne flagellates?
Leishmania: sandfly, Trypanozoma brucei: tsetse fly, Trypanosoma cruzi: reduviid/ assassin bug
79
# Micro/Para What are the other common names for the blood-borne flagellate diseases?
Leishmania: kala-azar, Trypanozoma brucei: African sleeping sickness, Trypanosoma cruzi: Chagas
80
# Micro/Para What is the buzzword for Chagas disease?
Caused by Tom Cruzi, who played an assasin in MI, wearing niFURtimox and driving a mercedes-Benznidazole
81
# Micro/Para What are the 3 most important soil-tramitted helminths?
Ascaris, Trichuris, Hookworms
82
# Micro/Para Which of the parasitic worms have a lung phase?
Ascaris, Hookworm, Strongyloides
83
# Micro/Para What are the common names of the different parasitic worms?
Ascaris: giant roundworm, Trichuris: whipworm, Enterobius: pinworm, Paragonimus: lung fluke, Shistosoma: blood fluke, Clomorchis/ Fasciola: liver fluke
84
# Micro/Para Which of the parasitic worms are capable of autoinfection?
Strongyloides, Capillaria, Hymenolepis nana
85
# Micro/Para Which of the parasitic worms infect by skin penetration?
Hookworm, Strongyloides
86
# Micro/Para Nocturnal periodicity is characteristic of which parasite?
Elephantiasis (microfilariae)
87
# Micro/Para Whati is the infective stage of Schistosoma?
Cercaria
88
# Micro/Para Taenia Solium is to\_a\_ as T. saginatta is to\_b\_ as Diphyllobothrium latum is to \_c\_
a. Pork, B. Beef, C. Fish
89
# Micro/Para Whish among the 3 flatworms above is capable of causing a neurologic disease?
T. solium( neurocyticercosis)
90
# Micro/Para Hydatid disease is caused by which organism?
Echinococcus granulosis/multilocularis
91
# Micro/Para What is the basic guide in treatment of common parasitic disease?
Roundworms: Albendazole/mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate; Flatworms/Flukes: praziquantel,niclosamide
92
# Micro/Para What are the special test associated with specific parasites?
Many parasites: fecalysis; Malaria: PBS; Enterobius: scotch tape test
93
# Micro/Para what are intermediate hosts of specific parasites?
T. solium: pig; T saginatta: cow; D. latum: fish; Echinococcus: sheep/dog; Paragonismus: crabs; Capillaria: fish, shrimp, crabs; Schistosoma: snail

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