Mid term #1

Question 1

What is the role of the CJS?

Answer 1

To protect the public from individuals who break the law.

Question 2

What is the purpose of the CJS?

Answer 2

Crime Control, Prevent Crime, Maintain Justice,

Question 3

Why do we need a complex CJS?

Answer 3

It has to respond to a high vary of behaviours.

Question 4

What is the heart of the CJS?

Answer 4

Due Process(Fair treatment).

Question 5

What is the penal populism?

Answer 5

Tough crime polices brought in by politicians to gain votes but not for justice.

Question 6

What term suggested by Jason Ditton (1979) should replace criminology?

Answer 6

Contrology

Question 7

What are the five purposes of crime data?

Answer 7

Description,Explanation,Program evaluation, Risk assessment and prediction.

Question 8

Why might the police complain about the UCR (Uniform Crime Reporting)?

Answer 8

Underestimates police.

Question 9

What is the objective of UCR(Uniform Crime Reporting Survey)?

Answer 9

Provides police with a constant set of procedure for the collection of relevant to crimes that came to their attention.

Question 10

Why does parole get revoked?

Answer 10

Breech.

Question 11

At what age are kids in Canada not held criminally responsible?

Answer 11

12 years old.

Question 12

Does the CJS need to incorporate both models?

Answer 12

Crime Control: Our individual rights would be affected if it was increased.
Due Process: No Fairness in court.

Question 13

Criminologist need data to be what?

Answer 13

Reliable and Valid.

Question 14

Why must criminal law be an instrument of last resort?

Answer 14

Most Coercive & Intrusive form of public law.

Question 15

What is needed for someone to use Insanity as a defence?

Answer 15

They can’t be unbalanced… ONLY unbalanced at the time of the crime. Making it impossible to have intent.

Question 16

What are the two types of crime?
Definition & Example

Answer 16

Mala in Se: Morally and Universally wrong. Ex: Murder
Mala Prohibita: Wrong because the law says it’s wrong. Ex: Speeding.

Question 17

What does crime data do?

Answer 17

1)Indicates society quality of life
2)Helps us chart the dimensions of criminal events
3)Tests theoretical ideas.

Question 18

When is our risk of victimization highest?

Answer 18

1) 15-24 year old males
2) Live in the west urban areas
3)Active life outside of your house
4) Live alone

Question 19

What effect does the media’s distortion of crime have on both the crime problem and the CJS?

Answer 19

1) The demand for police service.
2)The public perception of the courts and the CJS in general.
3)How politicians develop program to prevent and fight crime.

Question 20

What is the function of criminal law?

Answer 20

• Providing social control
  -Maintaining social control
  -Gauging morality of particular behaviours
  -Deterring criminal behaviour

Question 21

What 3 things are needed in order for something to be criminal in Canada?

Answer 21

Mens Rea, Actus reus and the ABSENCE of a legally recognized excuse, defence or justification.

Question 22

What policies do experts believe will actually lower crime?

Answer 22

Investment in inner city neighbourhoods, better education for the poor, treatment for drug addicts.

Question 23

Crime myths(definition, 1 example, uses of crime myths)

Answer 23

Definition: Distorted and misleading information that’s accepted as fact.
Example: Super Bowl Sunday more wives get beaten.
Uses: 1) Organizes our views into a frameworks about victims, offenders,crime fighters 2) Supports/establishes views about crime 3) Fills the gap of knowledge social sciences miss 4) Provides an emotional outlet to crime and helps channel emotions, can be transformed into actions

Question 24

Fake news (Define and Who benefits and can anything be done)

Answer 24

Definition: Deliberately misleading attempts to undermine elections or national security. It’s used to destabilized and create doubt in main stream media.
Who Benefits: Publishers, Networks, Ad agencies and politicians.

Question 25

Public attitude to vs knowledge of Criminal Justice in Canada ( State and explain 3, What influences public attitude. Affects public perception.).

Answer 25

Temporary absence from prison
Court, Programs not available in jail, Doctors appointment or treatment
Public attitude: They think they will reoffend when they’re out and are on a “Field trip”
Reality: 99% of absence trips from prison are successful and they do not reoffend
Escorted and unescorted trips
Prison Conditions
Less than 5% actually serve their sentence
Public attitude: It’s a retreat and they don’t have to work, a worse living situation would make people less likely to reoffend
Reality: Lots of people struggle, High rate of sexual assault, murder,homicide inside
Recidivism: Peoples likelihood to reoffend and go back to prison
Ways to reduce 1) Jobs 2) Stake in community (family,friends)
Parole Grant rates
63% of people serve their whole sentence
Public attitude: Too much parole, Inmates shouldn’t be released until full sentence is up
Reality: 87% of paroles are successful
13% of unsuccessful, 2% are violent crimes

Question 26

Is there a system for criminal justice?

Answer 26

1) All areas of the criminal justice system must do their tasks under the criminal code
2) Constitution act of 1897
3) Rules of procedures and evidence
4) Charter of rights and freedoms
5) National police force

6) Corrections are split between Provincial and Federal based on sentence length
7) Each component of CJS has a different set of mandates
8) Variability occurs within jurisdictions but also within individual agencies in the same jurisdiction.
9) There is not one agency that coordinates authority in the mandate that can establish uniform operations or guidelines for criminal justice agencies and personnel.
10) The Canadian Criminal Justice system have different goals and have influences from outside agencies and discretionary powers while doing their duties