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EDUC 200 > Mid Term > Flashcards

Mid Term Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Temperament consists of…

A

energy levels, mood and demeanor, and emotional responsiveness

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2
Q

Born (with/without) personality

A

With

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3
Q

Personality

A

a fundamental form of temperament

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4
Q

Cultural Expectations

A

Culture has a direct influence on children

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5
Q

Socialization

A

members of a cultural group work hard to help children adopt the behaviors and beliefs that the group holds dear

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6
Q

Attatchment

A

a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space

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7
Q

Harlow’s experiment

A

monkey wants comfort, not food

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8
Q

Bowlby

A

found that we have a universal bond at birth that we seek connection

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9
Q

Attachment Disorder

A

caregiver doesn’t attach to child or child doesn’t attach to caregiver - want a reciprocal process

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10
Q

Permissive

A

low expectations, high sensitivity

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11
Q

Neglectful

A

low expectations, low sensitivity

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12
Q

Authoritarian

A

High expectations, low sensitivity

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13
Q

Authoritative

A

High expectations, high sensitivity

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14
Q

How many stages to Erikson’s theory?

A

8

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15
Q

trust vs mistrust

A

0-1
learn whether other people regularly satisfy basic needs

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16
Q

autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

1-3
toddlers grow muscular control and can satisfy own needs.. Caregivers encourage self-sufficient behavior, toddlers develop a sense of autonomy

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17
Q

initiative vs guilt

A

3-5
preschoolers have choices about activities they pursue. Caregivers encourage and support children’s efforts while also helping them make realistic and appropriate choices

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18
Q

industry vs inferiority

A

6-12
Children have opportunities to achieve recognition of teachers, parents, and peers by producing things

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19
Q

identity vs role confusion

A

12-18
Adolescents begin to ponder roles they may play in the adult world, body image important

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20
Q

intimacy vs isolation

A

18-40
ready to make long-term social commitments

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21
Q

generativity vs stagnation

A

40-65
contributing to society and helping to guide future generations

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22
Q

integrity vs despair

A

65+
look back on lives and accomplishments

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23
Q

identity diffusion

Study These Flashcards
A

no commitment to a particular career path or ideological belief system

24
Q

foreclosure

Study These Flashcards
A

firm commitment to a particular career path or ideological belief system

25
moratorium
no strong commitment to a particular career or set of beliefs but is actively exploring and considering
26
identity achievement
successful establishment of a coherent and integrated sense of self, characterized by a clear understanding of one’s values, goals, beliefs, and sense of identity
27
self concept
assessments of one's own characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses - who we are overall
28
self-esteem
judgments and feelings about one's own value and worth - how I feel about myself
29
self-efficacy
you believe you can do it yourself (the little train that could)
30
imaginary audience
thinking you are the center of attention, young teenagers are often preoccupied by their physical appearance and can be quite self-critical
31
personal fable
young teens often believe that they are completely unlike anyone else - think that no one else has experienced as intense emotions as they feel about thwarted goals or failed relationships
32
self-socialization
put pressure on themselves to adopt behaviors a child believes to be critical for gaining favor with important peers
33
self cognition
Process of thinking about how other people are likely to think, act, and react
34
social information processing
Mental processes involved in making sense of and responding to social events
35
proactive aggression
deliberately initiate aggressive behaviors as a means of obtaining desired goals - more likely to struggle in friendships
36
reactive aggression
response to frustration or provocation
37
Children are _______ and _____________ learners
active & motivated
38
Children __________ rather than ________ knowledge
construct, absorb
39
Assimilation
responding to or thinking about an object or event in a way that’s consistent with one’s current way of thinking (Same Schema)
40
accommodation
adjust current ways of thinking to make better sense of newly learned information (Create Change)
41
equilibration
the process of moving from equilibrium to disequilibrium (mental discomfort that stimulates them to try to make sense of what they’re observing) to equilibrium
42
how many stages of cognitive development?
4
43
sensorimotor stage
0-2 Children gather information about the world through their senses Active as they discover how to move their body around Object permanence: do not realize that objects still exist even if they cannot see them
44
preoperational stage
2-7 Imagining things Pretend play, symbols to represent things Language skills - vocabularies serve as symbols
45
egocentrism
do not understand that people have a different view from you
46
concrete operational
Age 6-12 Operations: Thought processes become organized into larger systems of mental processes Can understand conservation
47
formal operational
12-adulthood Can think about concepts that have little or no basis in concrete reality - abstract concepts, hypothetical ideas, contrary-to-fact statements Scientific reasoning improves: reasoning logically about hypothetical ideas, formulating multiple hypotheses, and separating and controlling variables…scientific method: can test several possible explanations for an observed phenomenon in a systematic manner An ability to envision how the world might be different from the way it actually is
48
schema
mental framework that helps individuals organize, process, and store information about their environment
49
cognitive constructivism
children construct their own beliefs and understanding from their experiences
50
Vygotsky's basic assumptions
-Studied the social aspects of cognitive development -Believed adults in society foster a child’s cognitive development. -Emphasized the influence of social and cultural factors on a child’s cognitive growth. -His perspective is known as sociocultural theory. -Play allows children to cognitively “stretch” themselves
51
scaffolding
a theory that focuses on a student's ability to learn information through the help of a more informed individual
52
phonology
The study of the patterns and sounds in a language
53
semantics
Meanings of words
54
syntax
Understanding the correct structure of words and sentences
55
pragmatics
Learning the social conventions of using a language to communicate

EDUC 200 (1 decks)

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