Mid term Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is Chlamydia?
A notifiable sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia is the most common notifiable STI.
How are chlamydial infections transmitted?
Through sexual contact via oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse
Neonatal infections may occur during birth.
What types of infections can result from Chlamydia?
- Urethritis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Neonatal conjunctivitis
- Pneumonia in infants
Chlamydia can also cause eye diseases like trachoma.
What is the treatment for Chlamydia?
A single dose of antibiotics
Partners of infected individuals should also be tested.
What are the characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis?
It is an obligate, non-motile cocoid intracellular bacterium with a cell wall similar to gram-negative organisms.
What are the three species of Chlamydia that infect humans?
- C. trachomatis
- C. pneumoniae
- C. psittaci
What is Gonorrhea?
A purulent infection caused by the gram-negative diplococcus Neisseria gonorrhoeae
It is one of the oldest STIs.
What are common colloquial names for Gonorrhea?
- Running’s
- Clap
- The drip
What are the primary modes of transmission for Gonorrhea?
Mainly through sexual contact and from mother to child during birth.
What are the common symptoms of Gonorrhea in men?
- Dysuria
- Polyuria
- Swelling and redness at the ureteral meatus
- Yellow or green urethral discharge
True or False: The prevalence of Chlamydia infections is greater in males than females.
False
What serovars of C. trachomatis are associated with Trachoma?
- A
- B
- Ba
- C
What complications can Chlamydia cause in pregnancy?
- Sterility or infertility
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Long-term pelvic/abdominal pain
What is the recommended screening for sexually active women?
Yearly chlamydia screening for all sexually active non-pregnant women aged 24 years or younger.
What is the significance of the 5 P’s in sexual history?
- Partners
- Past history of STI
- Practices
- Protection from STI
- Prevention of pregnancy
What are the signs of Gonorrhea in women?
- Dysuria
- Vaginal discharge (white, yellow, or green)
- Painful sexual intercourse
- Bleeding between periods
What are the risk factors for Gonorrhea?
Higher rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to men who have sex with women only.
What diagnostic test is used for Gonorrhea?
NAAT or nucleic acid amplification tests detect genetic material (DNA) of the gonorrhea germ.
What is a common complication of Gonorrhea in newborns?
Ophthalmia neonatorum, which can lead to blindness.
What is the treatment for Gonorrhea?
500 mg IM ceftriaxone or an alternative regimen if ceftriaxone is contraindicated.
What is the recommended follow-up after treatment for Gonorrhea?
Re-screening 3 months after treatment due to common repeat infections.
What is the mode of transmission for C. pneumoniae?
Spread via respiratory droplets, causing pharyngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
