mID TERM

Question 1

Who oversaw the first psychological laboratory in 1879?

Answer 1

Wilhelm Wundt

This laboratory was located in Leipzig, Germany.

Question 2

What experiment did John B. Watson conduct to demonstrate behavior as a stimulus-response relationship?

Answer 2

Little Albert

This experiment involved conditioning a child to fear a white rat.

Question 3

What are the 4 goals of psychology?

Answer 3

Description, explanation, prediction, control

These goals guide psychological research and practice.

Question 4

What did Freud stress the importance of in psychological development?

Answer 4

Early childhood experiences

Question 5

Which theory states that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts?

Answer 5

Gestalt

Question 6

What are the 5 steps in the Scientific Method, in order?

Answer 6

Perceive the question, form the hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw a conclusion, report your results

Question 7

If Micah has a psychological disorder best addressed with medication, what type of specialist should he see?

Answer 7

Psychiatrist

Question 8

What famous study involved Phineas Gage and is an example of a case study?

Answer 8

Phineas Gage study

Question 9

What is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another?

Answer 9

Correlation

Question 10

What hormones are associated with pain relief?

Answer 10

Endorphins

Question 11

Which part of the brain detects changes in temperature, pressure, and body position?

Answer 11

Parietal lobe

Question 12

What does the Medulla control?

Answer 12

Life-sustaining functions like breathing, swallowing, and heart rate

Question 13

What distinguishes endocrine glands from other glands?

Answer 13

They release hormones that flow directly into the bloodstream

Question 14

What is it called when someone suffers from mixed or confused speech after a stroke?

Answer 14

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 15

What is the cycle of bodily rhythm that occurs over a 24 hour period called?

Answer 15

Circadian rhythm

Question 16

What state of consciousness involves clear and organized thoughts, feelings, and sensations?

Answer 16

Waking Consciousness

Question 17

How many hours of sleep are recommended for adults per night?

Answer 17

7-9 hours

Question 18

What is characterized by pauses in breathing that can last 10 seconds during sleep?

Answer 18

Sleep apnea

Question 19

What develops during N2 (R&K Stage 2) sleep?

Answer 19

Sleep spindles

Question 20

What are drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system called?

Answer 20

Stimulants

Question 21

What are narcotics that mimic natural pain killers and produce euphoria called?

Answer 21

Opioids

Question 22

What is it called when a person needs more of a substance to achieve the desired response?

Answer 22

Tolerance

Question 23

What state of consciousness makes a person especially susceptible to suggestion?

Answer 23

Hypnosis

Question 24

What is it called when the effect of sensory information diminishes with continued exposure?

Answer 24

Sensory adaptation

Question 25

The way sensory information is organized and interpreted is known as what?

Answer 25

Perception

Question 26

What happens when information is detected by a sensory receptor?

Answer 26

Sensation

Question 27

What structure receives sensory signals and relays that information to the brain?

Answer 27

Umani

Question 28

What does the gestalt concept of figure-ground relationship explain?

Answer 28

Why images are perceived to be on a background

Question 29

What carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

Answer 29

Optic nerve

Question 30

What flavor is described as meaty, savory, or brothy?

Answer 30

Umani

Question 31

What are the 3 parts of the ear?

Answer 31

Outer (pinna and tympanic membrane), middle (ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes), inner (cochlea and basilar membrane)

Question 32

What is the visible part of the ear called?

Answer 32

Pinna

Question 33

What is learning defined as in psychology?

Answer 33

Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice

Question 34

What child was conditioned to fear a white rat?

Answer 34

Little Albert

Question 35

What is a primary reinforcer?

Answer 35

Any reward that satisfies a basic, biological need

Question 36

What is shaping in operant conditioning?

Answer 36

Procedure where successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced

Question 37

What theory by Kohler is referred to as the 'aha!' phenomenon?

Answer 37

Insight Theory

Question 38

What does Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment demonstrate?

Answer 38

Children will imitate aggressive actions of a model without reinforcement

Question 39

What type of intelligence is often referred to as 'street smarts'?

Answer 39

Practical intelligence

Question 40

What is the capacity to produce multiple possibilities for solving a problem called?

Answer 40

Divergent thinking

Question 41

Who is responsible for modern intelligence tests like WISC-V?

Answer 41

David Wechsler

Question 42

What is it called when each generation has higher intelligence scores than the last?

Answer 42

Flynn effect

Question 43

What is the average IQ score range?

Answer 43

85 - 115

Question 44

What refers to the smallest units of sound in a language?

Answer 44

Phoneme

Question 45

What are natural concepts formed through?

Answer 45

Indirect and/or direct experience