Mid-term

Question 1

The criminal justice system is a system of _____ _____ and is designed to keep ___ ___

Answer 1

social control | Society safe

Question 2

What two factors are needed for a robbery to take place

Answer 2

Force or fear

Question 3

Under 200$ is a _________, 200$ and over is a ____.

Answer 3

Misdemeanor, Crime

Question 4

Title “2C”

Answer 4

Criminal code of NJ

Question 5

AFIS

Answer 5

Automated Fingerprint Indication System

Question 6

Burglary

Answer 6

Entering a structure without being licensed or privileged with intentions of stealing

Question 7

Theft

Answer 7

Stealing while being licensed or privileged to enter the structure

Question 8

Latent Prints

Answer 8

Fingerprints that are left behind

Question 9

Arraignment

Answer 9

the official reading of the charge

Question 10

Title 39

Answer 10

driving code of Nj

Question 11

PRISON

Answer 11

A year or more to be incarcerated

Question 12

JAIL

Answer 12

Someone who has not been convicted and are in a holding facility until trial or bail

Question 13

Night Reporting

Answer 13

Someone who is free during the day for work then come back to the jail at night

Question 14

Indictment

Answer 14

Jury listens to the state evidence to prove probable cause

Question 15

Due Process

Answer 15

Innocent until proven guilty

Question 16

Misdemeanor aka ______ ______ _______

Answer 16

“Disorderly Persons Offense”

Question 17

Filtering system

Answer 17

Involves plea bargaing

Question 18

DEA

Answer 18

Drug Enforcement Agency

Question 19

The classical school of criminology believes that…

Answer 19

people choose to commit crimes on their own

Question 20

Felony means you are sentenced to a _____ or more in prison

Answer 20

Year

Question 21

Victim

Answer 21

Criminal in nature, not traffic, family problems, or acts of nature.

Question 22

Victimology (4)

Answer 22

1. Who was victimized?
2. What was the impact of the crime?
3. What happens to the victim in the CJ System?
4. What roles do victims play in causing the crime they suffer?

Question 23

Visible Crime

Answer 23

An offense against persons or property committed by members of the lower class and is usually the least profitable

Question 24

Violent Crime and 4 examples

Answer 24

Acts against people in which a death or physical injury results, treated as the most serious offenses and are punished by the CI system (homicide, rape, assault, robbery)

Question 25

Property Crimes and 4 examples

Answer 25

Acts that threaten property held by an individual or the state (larceny, shoplifting, embezzlement, and burglary)

Question 26

Public Order Crimes and 4 examples

Answer 26

Acts that threaten the general well-being of society and challenge accepted moral principles (Public drunkness, aggressive panhandling, vandalism, disorderly conduct)

Question 27

Which type of crime is often referred to as "street crimes" or "ordinary crimes" and also the most upsetting crime to the public?

Answer 27

Visible Crime

Question 28

Occupational Crimes

Answer 28

offenses committed through opportunities created in a legal business or occupation, committed in the content of a legal business or profession and are usually never discovered.

Question 29

Organized Crime

Answer 29

A framework for the perpetration of criminal acts- usually in fields such as gambling, drugs, and prostitution,- providing illegal services that are in great demand.

Question 30

Money Laundering

Answer 30

moving the proceeds criminal activities through a maze of businesses, banks and broker age accounts so as to disguise their origin.

Question 31

Crimes without Victims

Answer 31

- Offenses involving a willing and private exchange of illegal goods or services that are in strong demand. - Participants do not feel they are being harmed but these crimes are prosecuted on the ground that society as a whole is being harmed

Question 32

Political Crime

Answer 32

An act usually done for ideological purposes that constitutes a threat against the state such as treason, sedition, or espionage; also describes a criminal act by the state

Question 33

Cyber Crime

Answer 33

offenses that involve the use of one or more computers

Question 34

Hate Crimes are bias-motivated offenses that target people for their ___, _____, _____ _______, ______, or ______;

Answer 34

``` Race Religion Sexual Orientation Ethnicity Disability ```

Question 35

T/F: Some states have also included crimes based on gender discrimination

Answer 35

True

Question 36

The law makes it a hate crime to vandalize ________ _______ or ______

Answer 36

Religious Buildings or Cemeteries

Question 37

Hate Crimes have been challenged on the ground that they violate which right?

Answer 37

Free Speech

Question 38

Some argue that hate crime slurs must be allowed based on the ______ _________

Answer 38

First Amendment

Question 39

T/F: Supporters of hate crime laws counter that some words are so hateful they fall outside free speech protection of the First Amendment

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Wisconsin v. Mitchell (1993)

Answer 40

US Supreme Court upheld a law providing for a severer sentence in cases in which the offender “intentionally selects the person against whom the crime is committed because of race, religion color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin, or ancestry of that person.”

Question 41

Virginia v. Black (2003)-

Answer 41

US Supreme Court decided that states can make it a crime to burn a cross with the intent to intimidate people. They rejected the argument that cross burning, a traditional ritual act by the KKK, a white supremacist organization with a violent history, constitutes a protected form of free expression.

Question 42

Sociological Explanations

Answer 42

Emphasized as causes of criminal behavior the social conditions that bear on the individual

Question 43

Anomie

Answer 43

Breakdown or disappearance of the rules of social behavior

Question 44

Social Process Theories

Answer 44

See criminality as normal behavior

Question 45

Learning Theories

Answer 45

Criminal behavior is learned just as legal behavior is learned

Question 46

Differential Association

Answer 46

People become criminals because they encounter more influences that view criminal behavior as normal and acceptable than influences that are hostile to criminal behavior

Question 47

Biological Explanations

Answer 47

Empasize physiological and neurological factors that may predispose a person to commit crimes- genetic make-up, body type, and IQ outweigh social factors

Question 48

Positivist Criminology

Answer 48

Views behavior as stemming from social, biological, and psychological factors- body, mind, and environment of the offender