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PoliSci 1000 > Mid-term > Flashcards

Mid-term Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 3 things that connect societies?

A

geography, culture, history

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2
Q

What can you use to differentiate between societies?

A

language, religion and customs

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3
Q

What are the 3 main reasons why our world is becoming more and more interconnected?

A

-technology, migration, trade

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4
Q

What is a Canadian example of a distinct group that is different than the rest of Canada?

A

The Quebecois

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5
Q

What is an institution and give an example?

A

a permanent aspect of society

ex: House of Commons

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6
Q

What are the 5 main functions of government?

A
  • protect citizens from external attacks
  • enforcement of societal norms
  • settling disputes
  • promote economic growth
  • provide basic standard of living
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7
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of government?

A
  • not permanent
  • not all governments are the same
  • tied to a legislature
  • not all are positive
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8
Q

What is the main political divide that exists?

A

Between those who prefer liberty over equality and those who prefer equality over liberty

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9
Q

What is the difference between power and authority?

A

Power is using force or threat of force to make people do what you want. Authority is when the people see you as legitimate so they allow you to rule

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10
Q

What is normative analysis?

A

evaluating to figure out what is right and wrong and to find out whether a certain action can be justified or not.

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11
Q

What is semantic analysis?

A

Examining the meaning, origin why and how we use concepts

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12
Q

What is the etymology of the word politics?

A

comes from the greek word polis meaning city-state

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13
Q

How did Bertrand de Jouvenal define politics?

A

mobilizing support for a political issue

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14
Q

How did David Easton define politics?

A

the resolution of dispute and conflict

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15
Q

What is the feedback loop in David Easton’s concept of politics?

A

repeating the process of conflict resolution until people are happy, we are always in a feedback loop

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16
Q

What did Alan Ball focus on in his research?

A

conflict

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17
Q

How did Harold Lasswell describe politics?

A

Who gets what, when, where and how

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18
Q

What are the 2 main forms of formal alliances?

A
  • international agreement

- coalition

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19
Q

When and where did the first sovereign states appear?

A

15th and 16th century in Europe

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20
Q

What is the difference between de jure and de facto sovereignty?

A

de jure is the legal right to rule supremely

de facto is your actual ability to do so

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21
Q

What is a night-watchman state?

A

government is heavily involved on external and internal security, but plays a small role in civil society

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22
Q

What is a night-watchman state similar to?

A

classical liberalism

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23
Q

What is a developmental state/illiberal democracy?

A

strong relationship between the state and private economic institutions

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24
Q

What is a social democracy?

A

welfare state, little development

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25
What is pluralism?
the idea that there should be a diverse and competing centers of power in society
26
What are the 2 different kinds of interest groups and give a definition?
Sectional: protecting the interests of their members Promotional: promote the interests of a marginalized group or an ideal such as the environment
27
What is elitism/elite pluralism?
the idea that a select group of elite individuals are better to lead a society than anyone else
28
What is corporatism?
organization of society by corporate groups
29
What is utilitarianism?
the legitimacy of a government should be judged by how happy it's citizens are
30
What are Mass Politics?
mobilizing groups in support of a political issue
31
What do you need in order to exercise authority?
Legitimacy
32
What do you need in order to have legitimacy?
- respect for the source of command | - sense of duty to follow command
33
Why do institutions exist?
to give stability to everyday life
34
What is state capacity?
the ability of a government to administer its territory effectively
35
Why was the income tax introduced?
a way to financially support wars
36
When European states grew what was the main mechanism used to limit their power
Constitutions
37
What were the primary goal, secondary goal and indirect legacy of colonialism?
- primary goal: exploitation of ressources - secondary goal: spread of christianity - indirect legacy: spread of European style states
38
What is a patrimonial state?
any form of political domination where all power comes directly from the ruler
39
Name on example of the western model being spread without force?
Japan in the 19th century
40
What are the 3 most important things a state has to provide?
- human security - good way of solving disputes - freedom to participate in politics
41
Why do people willingly allow their freedoms to be limited?
Because people like stability
42
What is the difference between a nation and a state?
A state is a distinctive political community with its own rules and practices whereas a nation is a group of people with a common identity, culture and history
43
What is an empire?
a large scale political entity made up of smaller states under a central power, generally held together by force
44
What was the empire that had the most impact on the present international system?
The British Empire
45
What is the most prolific example of a secret empire?
U.S.A.
46
What is a semi-empire?
A country that fulfills several aspects of an empire but not all
47
What are the 3 types of authority according to Max Weber?
Traditional: power passed down by heredity Legal: constitutions, laws and legislation Charismatic: authority is based off of the leader's personality
48
What is the least stable form of Max Weber's types of authority?
Charismatic
49
What is a polyarchy?
When minorities rule
50
What is a utilitarian democracy?
The viewpoint of if the government were left to its own devices it would only seek to further their own interests
51
What is a deliberative democracy?
choices have to be developed through discussion and reflection
52
What is a consociational democracy?
the elites of different communities share power
53
How long has the modern Westphalian sovereign state existed?
For 500 years
54
How did the period of Classical Antiquity (400BC-400AD) contribute to the evolution of the MWSS?
we had empires, city states, tribes, clans and families
55
What did the Early Medieval Period (400-1100) contribute to the evolution of the MWSS?
Western Roman Empire collapsed which led to a giant power vacuum, small sources of authority everywhere
56
what did the Late Medieval Period (1100-1400) contribute to the evolution of the MWSS?
feudalism is the norm, evolution of the guild, power of the church and the king are connected to one another
57
What were the 3 factors from 1400-1650 that led to the creation of the MWSS?
- consolidation of territory - conquest and war - marriage and partnership
58
What are the 3 most important provisions in the Treaty of Wesphalia?
- domestic control within their own borders - recognized sovereignty of 300+ signees - recognizes the 5 great powers which are France, England, Spain, Prussia and Sweden
59
What is the main way in which sovereignty has evolved?
Our sovereignty is divided up within a number of legislatures
60
What are the 4 characteristics of Sovereignty?
- equality between sovereign states - non-interference in domestic affairs of other states - Extraterritoriality: states will not extend their laws outside of their borders - recognition from other sovereign states
61
What 4 things do you need to have control over to be considered a sovereign state?
- territory - borders - immigration - your people
62
What are the 2 different kinds of freedom according to Isaiah Berlin?
- freedom from | - freedom to
63
What is the most basic definition of justice?
require us to give to others what they are entitled to
64
What is the difference between procedural and social justice?
procedural is the fairness by which an outcome is reached whereas social is the fairness of the outcome itself
65
What is absolute sovereignty?
when a sovereign state's power rests with a monarch
66
What is institutional/legal sovereignty?
a sovereign state that has a legislature, laws and rules
67
What is popular sovereignty and who was a big proponent of it?
the idea that sovereignty should rest with the people, Jean-Jacques Rousseau
68
What is self-determination?
a shared belief by a group of people that believe they should be separate based on a collective identity
69
What is a tribe?
A group of people who share a common ancestry and territory, not always biological
70
Hyphenated identities such as french-canadian is liked to which form of identity?
ethnic groups
71
Why does sovereignty fail in a lot of places in the world?
Because it is not indigenous to their identity
72
What is a nation-state?
a sovereign state that only has 1 nation | ex:Japan
73
What is a bi-national state?
a state that encompasses multiple nations
74
What is a multi-state nation?
1 nation composed of 2 sovereign states | ex: The Koreas
75
What is the difference between a philosophy and an ideology?
a philosophy is one's general beliefs whereas an ideology is an action plan on those beliefs
76
Who are the 4 early important liberal philosophers?
- John Locke - Jeremy Bentham - John Stuart Mill - Thomas Jefferson
77
What are the 4 main principles of liberalism?
- equality of rights - personal freedom - limited government - consent of the governed
78
According to Jeremy Bentham, who's job is it to promote happiness and who's is it not?
the government's job | not the church's job
79
What is the french term used by liberal economists?
laissez-faire
80
Which liberal philosopher came up with the idea of the invisible hand?
Adam Smith
81
How many free market capitalists does it take to screw in a lightbulb?
0, the invisible hand will do it

PoliSci 1000 (1 decks)

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