Mid Term

Question 1

Empyema

Answer 1

pus within the pleural space usually associated with a bacterial infection. Also called phyothorax.

py/o=pus

Question 2

Ig

Answer 2

Abbreviation for immunoglobulin, a protein produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes. Immunoglobulins are an essential part of the body’s immune system which attach to foreign substances, such as bacteria, and assist in destroying them.

Question 3

hyper

Answer 3

over/above

Question 4

histology

Answer 4

study of tissue.

4 types:

1. muscle tissue
2. epithelial tissue
3. connective tissue
4. nervous tissue

Question 5

dermatoplasty

Answer 5

skin grafting; transplantation of the skin

Question 6

arthralgia

Answer 6

joint pain

Question 7

venipunture

Answer 7

(or phlebotomy)

incision into a vein in order to remove blood for a diagnostic test

Question 8

Types of Leukocytes

Answer 8

Basophils: release histamine and heparin to damaged tissues

Eosinophils: destroy parasties and increase during allergic reaction

Neutrophils: engulfs foreign and damaged cells (phagocytosis); most numerous of the leukocytes

Monocyte (agranulocyte): engulfs foreign and damaged cells (phagocytosis)

Lymphocyte (agranulocyte): plays several different roles in immune response

Question 9

parts of the integumentary system

Answer 9

• skin
• hair
• nails
• sweat glands
• sebaceous glands

Question 10

Coronal plane

Answer 10

or frontal plane: divides the body into front and back portions; a vertical lengthwise plane is running from side to side. View of the inside of the body

Question 11

keloid

Answer 11

formation of a raised and thickened hypertrophic scar after an injury or surgery

Question 12

lipectomy

Answer 12

surgical removal of fat (fatty tissue)

Question 13

acne rosacea

Answer 13

chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels, primarily on nose and cheecks

Question 14

bursolith

Answer 14

a calculus(hard mass) formed in a bursa

Question 15

epiphysis

Answer 15

rounded end of a long bone

Question 16

green stick fracture

Answer 16

fracture in which there is an incomplete break; one side of bone is broken and the other side is bent. This type of fracture is commonly found in children due to their softer more pliable bone structure

Question 17

cyanosis

Answer 17

bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenaed blood

Question 18

patent ductus arteriosis

Answer 18

congenital heart anomaly in which the fetal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta fails to close at birth. This condition may be treated with medication and resolve with time. However, in some cases surgery is required.

Question 19

bicuspid valve

Answer 19

A bicuspid aortic valve is an aortic valve that only has two leaflets, instead of three. The aortic valve regulates blood flow from the heart into the aorta, the major blood vessel that brings blood to the body.

LEFT side of heart.

Question 20

phagocyte

Answer 20

Cell that has the ability to ingest (phag/o=eat; -cyte=cell) and digest bacteria and other foregin particles. This process, phagocytosis, is critical for the control of bacteria within the body.

Question 21

polycythemia vera

Answer 21

production of too many red blood cells by the bone marrow. Blood becomes too thick to easily flow through the blood vessels.

poly=many

cyt/o=cell

hem/o=blood

-ia=condition

Question 22

rhin/o

Answer 22

nose

Question 23

pharynx

Answer 23

medical term for throat; passageway that conducts air from nasal cavity to trachea and also carries food and drink from mouth to esophagus

• divided into 3 sections:
  1. nasopharynx
  2. oropharynx
  3. larynopharynx

Question 24

trans-

Answer 24

through, across

Question 25

-ectomy

Answer 25

surgical removal

Question 26

RLQ

Answer 26

Right Lower Quadrant Contains: * small intestine * colon * righ ovary * fallopian tube * appendix * right ureter

Question 27

Ecchymosis

Answer 27

Skin disocloration caused by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to the skin. * a bruise * -osis=abnormal

Question 28

kyphosis

Answer 28

abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine. * hunchback or humpback * excessive posterior thoracic curvature * kyph/o=hump * -osis =abnormal condition

Question 29

atherosclerosis

Answer 29

the most common form of arteriosclerosis. * caused by fromation of the yellowish plaques of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries * ather/o=fatty substance * -sclerosis= hardening

Question 30

hemostasis

Answer 30

* blood clotting process * hem/o=blood * -stasis= standing still

Question 31

lyphadenitis

Answer 31

imflammation of the lymph nodes * swollen glands * lymphaden/o=lymph node * -itis=inflammation

Question 32

mononucleosis

Answer 32

acute infectios disease with a large number of abnormal mononuclear lymphocytes. * Caused by Epstein-Barr virus * Abnormal liver function may occur * mono-=one * nucle/o=nucleus * -osis=abnormal condition

Question 33

prothrombin time

Answer 33

A measure of the blood's coagulation ability by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin has been activated * thromb/o=clot

Question 34

lymphoma

Answer 34

A tumor in lymphatic tissue * lymph/o=lymph * -oma=tumor

Question 35

erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 35

Severe anemia in newborn babies. A severe hemolytic disease of a fetus or newborn infant caused by the production of maternal antibodies against the fetal red blood cells, usually involving Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus

Question 36

dyspnea

Answer 36

difficult or labored breeathing * dys-= difficult, abnormal * -pnea=breathing

Question 37

tracheotomy or tracheostomy

Answer 37

surgical procedure often performed in an emergency that creates an opening directly into the trachea to allow the patient to breathe easier

Question 38

patent

Answer 38

open or unblocked, such as patent airway

Question 39

phlegm

Answer 39

* thick mucus secreted by the membranes lining the respiratory tract. * When phlegm is coughed through the mouth, it is called sputum. * Phlegm is examined for color, odor, and consistency and tested for the presences of bacteria, viruses, and fungi

Question 40

rhinoplasty

Answer 40

surgical repair of the nose

Question 41

tracheostenosis

Answer 41

narrowing of the trachea * trache/o=trachea * -stenosis= narrowing

Question 42

gastr/o

Answer 42

stomach

Question 43

-gram

Answer 43

record or picture

Question 44

nephr/o

Answer 44

kidney

Question 45

-logy

Answer 45

study of

Question 46

-algia

Answer 46

pain

Question 47

respiratory system

Answer 47

Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body Contins: * nasal cavity * pharynx * larynx * trachea * bronchial tubes * lungs

Question 48

intra

Answer 48

within

Question 49

fibromyalgia

Answer 49

condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue * fibr/o=fibers * my/o=muslce * -algia=pain

Question 50

cost/o

Answer 50

rib

Question 51

chondromalacia

Answer 51

softening of the cartilage * chondr/o=cartilage * -malacia=softening

Question 52

osteoporosis

Answer 52

decrease in bone mass producing a thinning and weakening of the bone with resulting fractures. The bone becomes more porous, especially in the spine and pelvis * oste/o=bone * -porosis=porous

Question 53

chondromalacia

Answer 53

softening of the cartilage * chondr/o=cartilage * -malacia=softening

Question 54

arteries

Answer 54

blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from heart

Question 55

myocardial infarction

Answer 55

* condition caused by the partial or complete occlusion or closing of one or more of the coronary arteries. * symtoms include: a. sqeezing pain or heavy pressure in the middle of the chest (angina pectoris) * a delay in treatment could result in death * also referred to as a heart attack

Question 56

veins

Answer 56

blood vessels of cardiovascular system that carry blood TOWARD the heart

Question 57

pulmonary veins

Answer 57

the left atrium recieves blood returning to the hear after being deoxygenated by the lungs. Thisblood enters the relaxed left atrium from the four PULMONARY VEINS. -large vein that returns oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium

Question 58

endarterectomy

Answer 58

removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of the artery. Usually performed to remove atherosclerotic plaques * endo-=inner * arterio/o=artery * -ectomy=surgical removal

Question 59

fibrillation

Answer 59

an extremely serious arrhythmia characterized by abnoraml quivering or contraction of heart fibers. Whn this occurs in the ventricles, cardiac arrest and death can occur Emergency equipmen to defibrillate or convhert the heart to a normal beat is necessary

Question 60

derm/o

Answer 60

skin

Question 61

polyp

Answer 61

small tumor with pedicle or stem attachment; commonly found in vascular organs such as nose, uterus, and rectum.

Question 62

trichomycosis

Answer 62

abnormal condition of hair fungus * trich/o=hair * myc/o=fungus * -osis= abnromal condition

Question 63

urticaria

Answer 63

* Also called hives * a skin eruption of pale reddish wheals with severe itching * usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions.

Question 64

cicatrix

Answer 64

A scar

Question 65

rickets

Answer 65

deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early childhood that results in bone deformities, especially bowed legs.

Question 66

supination

Answer 66

turning the palm or foot upward

Question 67

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 67

* 5 of them * vertebrae in the small of the back, about waste level

Question 68

podiatrist

Answer 68

Healthcare profession specializing in diagnosis s of the treatment of disorders of the feet and lower legs. Healthcare professional is a podiatrist.

Question 69

arthr/o

Answer 69

joint

Question 70

caudal

Answer 70

directional term meaning toward feet or tail, or below.

Question 71

chondr/o

Answer 71

cartilage

Question 72

supra-

Answer 72

above

Question 73

frontal plane

Answer 73

vertical plane that divides body into front (anterior or ventral) and back (posterior or dorsal) sections -also called coronal plane

Question 74

LUQ

Answer 74

* Left upper quadrant contains: . a. small portion of liver b. spleen c. stomach d. majority of pancreas e. left kidney f. small intestines g. colon

Question 75

Melanin

Answer 75

black color pigment in skin; helps to prevent sun's ultraviolet ray from entering body

Question 76

layers of skin

Answer 76

* **epidermis**- thin, outer membrane * **dermis**- middle, fibrous connective tissue layer * **subcutaneous layer**- innermost layer,containing fatty tissue

Question 77

keratosis

Answer 77

Term for any skin conition involving an over growth of the epidermis layer.

Question 78

integumentary system

Answer 78

Skin and its appendages including: * sweat glands * oil glands * hair and nails * sense organs that allow us to respond to changes in temperature, pain, touch, and pressure are located in skin Largest organ in body

Question 79

Uria

Answer 79

condition or presence of urine

Question 80

-itis

Answer 80

inflammation of an organ

Question 81

acute care hospital

Answer 81

hospital that typically provide services to diagnose (laboratory diagnostic imaging) and treat (surgery, medications, therapy) diseases for a short period of time; in addition they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care; also called a general hospial

Question 82

lateral

Answer 82

directional term meaning to the side

Question 83

umbilical

Answer 83

anatomical division of abdomen; middle section of middle row over the naval

Question 84

mediastinum

Answer 84

central region of chest cavity; contains organs between lungs including: * heart * aorta * esophagus * trachea

Question 85

abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 85

ventral cavity consisting of abdominal and pelvic cavities. contains: * digestive * urinary * reproductive organs

Question 86

gastroenterology

Answer 86

study of the stomach and small intestine * gastr/o= stomach * enter/o=small intestine * -logy= study of

Question 87

prone

Answer 87

directional term meaning lying horizontally facing downward

Question 88

endocrine system

Answer 88

Regulates metabolic activites of the body. * pituitary gland * pineal gland * thyroid gland * parathyroid gland * thymus gland * adrenal glands * pancreas * ovaries * testes

Question 89

scopy

Answer 89

process of visually examining

Question 90

-plasty

Answer 90

surgical repair

Question 91

anti-

Answer 91

against

Question 92

aden/o

Answer 92

gland

Question 93

-megaly

Answer 93

enlargement, large

Question 94

suffix

Answer 94

word part attached to end of word; frequntly indicates: * condition * disease * or procedure

Question 95

word root

Answer 95

foundation of a medical term that provides basic meaning of word; in general, word root will indicate body system or part of body being discussed; word may have more than one word root.

Question 96

hemat/o

Answer 96

blood

Question 97

-stenosis

Answer 97

narrowing

Question 98

retro

Answer 98

backward, behind

Question 99

opthalm/o

Answer 99

eye