Mid Term Chaps 5-8

Question 1

Structural functional definition of state

Answer 1

The key organizational structures that operate the government and the key functions that the state performs

Question 2

Sovereignty

Answer 2

The premise that each state has complete authority and is the ultimate source of law within its own boundaries

Question 3

Territorial integrity

Answer 3

A state has the right to resist and reject any aggression, invasion, or intervention within its territorial boundaries

Question 4

Gabriel almonds structural functional approach

Answer 4

• political socialization
• political recruitment
• political communication
• interest articulation
• interest aggregation
• policy making
• policy implementation
• policy adjudication

Question 5

Legal definition of state

Answer 5

A territorially bound sovereign entity

Question 6

Roles of executives

Answer 6

• Leadership roles
• Symbolic and ceremonial roles
• supervision of the administration
• supervision of the military and foreign affairs

Question 7

Executive definition

Answer 7

To carry out the political systems, policies, laws, and directives.

Question 8

Duel executive

Answer 8

One actor, the head of state, performs the more ceremonial aspects of top leadership, while the other actor, the head of government, is responsible for the more political aspects of governance.

Question 9

Fused executive

Answer 9

A single actor fulfills both the ceremonial roles associated with the head of state and the political functions associates with the head of the government

Question 10

What is an example of a dual executive system

Answer 10

Monarchies

Question 11

Legislatures definition

Answer 11

Structures in which representatives of the people discuss, assess, and enact public policies.

Question 12

Three broad roles modern legislatures have

Answer 12

1. Enacting legislation
2. Representing the citizenry
3. Overseeing the executive and administration

Question 13

How are most legislatures elected

Answer 13

By a set of voters

Question 14

What is obudsman

Answer 14

An independent agency that investigates complaints regarding the actions of the executive branch and its administrative units.

Question 15

Pros of unicameral legislatures

Answer 15

Political responsibility is located in one legislative body and risks of duplication and stalemate between parallel bodies are eliminated.

Question 16

What kind of legislature does the United States have?

Answer 16

A bicameral Legislature

Question 17

Pros of a bicameral legislature

Answer 17

Two legislative houses provide more careful deliberation on issues and laws. Also two houses make it easier to accommodate different desirable models of representation.

Question 18

What is the number of members in a legislature

Answer 18

The number of members varies enormously. Some houses have fewer that 10 members and others having thousands of members.

Question 19

Administration definition

Answer 19

The general term used to describe the machinery and the process through which the states rules and policies are applied and implemented.

Question 20

Five broad functions of administration

Answer 20

1. Provision of public goods and services
2. Regulation and enforcement of public policies
3. Provision of knowledge
4. Information management
5. Extraction of resources

Question 21

Bureaucracy definition

Answer 21

An organization that is hierarchical and specialized by means of elaborate division of labor

Question 22

Max Webber’s definition of bureaucracy

Answer 22

A particular structure and set of processes through which the administration can operate

Question 23

Judiciary definition

Answer 23

The system of courts and personnel that determines that weather the rules of the society have been transgressed and, if so, weather sanctions ought to be imposed on the transgressor

Question 24

Adjudication definition

Answer 24

Attempts to interpret and apply the reverent rules or laws to a given situation

Question 25

What is an independent judiciary?

Answer 25

The judicial actors are not under the direct control of any political structure

Question 26

Judicial review definition

Answer 26

Judicial structures establish the final interpretation of what the constitution and the laws mean

Question 27

Constitution definition

Answer 27

A set of statements describing the fundamental rules of the political system

Question 28

What is the Constitutional purpose

Answer 28

It declares the existence of the state and expresses three crucial sets of rules: 1)allocates governmental activities 2)establishes formal power relationships 3)limits the power of the rulers and guarantees the rights of the ruled

Question 29

Constitutional regime definition

Answer 29

Operates in terms of the rule of law and ensures effective restraints on the power holders

Question 30

What is the defining feature of a constitutional regime

Answer 30

State attempts to fulfill the provisions of its constitution

Question 31

Non constitutional regime definition

Answer 31

The structural arrangements of the constitution are not generally upheld and there are few restraints on those with political power

Question 32

Direct democracy definition

Answer 32

All citizens are active, direct participants in making public policy decisions

Question 33

Representative democracy definition

Answer 33

Citizens periodically elect people who represent them in the political process and make policy decisions on their behalf

Question 34

Electoral democracy

Answer 34

A political system in which virtually all citizens periodically vote in order to select political leaders for among alternative conditions

Question 35

Limited mandate

Answer 35

Additional condition that means that the electorate grants the authority to govern for a fixed period of time

Question 36

Liberal democracy

Answer 36

Citizens enjoy not only electoral democracy but also more extensive political rights regarding participation, personal freedoms & opposition.

Question 37

Democracy

Answer 37

Governance by leaders whose authority is based on a limited mandate from a universal electorate that selects amount genuine alternatives and had some rights to political participation and opposition

Question 38

Autocracy

Answer 38

A single ruler exercises absolute power and authority without any legal constraints or citizen mandate

Question 39

Dictatorship

Answer 39

Absence of a limited mandate. A ruler with absolute power and authority

Question 40

Authoritarian regime

Answer 40

No limited mandate but distinguished also in that political actions and decisions of the ruler are not constrained

Question 41

Totalitarian regime

Answer 41

The political systems decisions and its control penetrate into virtually every aspect of its people's lives

Question 42

Unitary state

Answer 42

A central government holds all legitimate power

Question 43

Federation

Answer 43

Constitutional division of power and functions between a central government and a set of regional governments. They C.G. And R.G.share power

Question 44

Confederation

Answer 44

States delegate some power to a supernatural central go government but retain primary power

Question 45

Presidential government

Answer 45

Separation of executive and legislative structures

Question 46

Parliamentary government

Answer 46

Fusion of executive and legislative structures

Question 47

Hybrid systems

Answer 47

Have a prime minister and an elected legislature

Question 48

Council systems

Answer 48

A small group shares collective leadership and is responsible for both executive and legislative functions

Question 49

Assembly systems

Answer 49

Collective leadership exercised by a large group usually constituted as a legislature

Question 50

What are the four political party systems

Answer 50

1) two party systems 2) multiparty systems 3) dominant party systems 4) no-party systems