Mid Term Review

Question 1

The Crusades were called

Answer 1

Holy wars

Question 2

Who were the crusades fought by? Where?

Answer 2

Christians; europe

Question 3

Why were the crusades fought?

Answer 3

Attempting to regain Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks

Question 4

The renaissance was a period of what?

Answer 4

“Rebirth”of Greek and roman culture

Question 5

When was the Renaissance period?

Answer 5

c. 1350-1600

Question 6

Why did the Protestant Reformation begin?

Answer 6

As a result of Martin Luther’s protest of the catholic church’s practice of selling indulgences

Question 7

When was Christopher Columbus ‘s first voyage?

Answer 7

1492

Question 8

This was mainly a transfer of agricultural goods between Europe and the Americas

Answer 8

The Colombian exchange

Question 9

What was the most devastating element of the Colombian exchange?

Answer 9

The transmission of European diseases to the Native American population

Question 10

Who established large colonial empires in the Americas?

Answer 10

Spanish French & English

Question 11

Who was the Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico?

Answer 11

Hernan Cortez

Question 12

What Spanish conquistador conquered the Incas in South America?

Answer 12

Francisco Pizarro

Question 13

What empire was the largest of the European colonial empires in America?

Answer 13

The Spanish empire

Question 14

What did the Spanish empire regions in present day United States consist of?

Answer 14

Much of :
South & Central America 
Mexico
The Southwest
Gulf of Mexico

Question 15

St. Augustine, Florida was established by who? When?

Answer 15

Spanish; 1565

Question 16

What was the first permanent settlement in present day US?

Answer 16

St. Augustine, Florida

Question 17

Where did the French build their American empire?

Answer 17

Along the St. Lawrence River in Canada, the Great Lakes, & the Mississippi River

Question 18

What was the main economic activity of New France?

Answer 18

Fur trading

Question 19

Where was the first permanent English settlement in America? When?

Answer 19

Jamestown in Virginia in 1607

Question 20

What was the cash crop that saved Jamestown?

Answer 20

Tobacco

Question 21

What was the first elected assembly in America? When did it convene?

Answer 21

The Virginia House of Burgesses; 1619

Question 22

When did the pilgrims arrive in Plymouth, Massachusetts aboard the Mayflower

Answer 22

1620

Question 23

Who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony and become the leading force in developing the New England Colonies?

Answer 23

The Puritans

Question 24

What were the main economic activities of the Nee England colonies?

Answer 24

Subsistence farming, fishing, whaling, lumber, and shipbuilding

Question 25

What were factors producing wealth in the Middle Colonies?

Answer 25

Cash crops such as wheat | The development of trading cities such as née York & Philadelphia

Question 26

What were the chief economic activities In the southern colonies?

Answer 26

Plantation farming of rice, Indigo, and tobacco

Question 27

By what year had the English established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America?

Answer 27

1732

Question 28

What influenced the political thinking of England's American colonies?

Answer 28

The Enlightenment

Question 29

What three things of the Enlightenment impacted the Americans?

Answer 29

Locks natural rights, Rousseau's social contract, Montesquieu's separation of powers

Question 30

What was the Great Awakening?

Answer 30

A religious revival in America during the 1740s

Question 31

What positive contributions were caused by the Great Awakening?

Answer 31

Colonial unity and a developing sense of American independence

Question 32

When did the French and Indian war begin in America?

Answer 32

1754

Question 33

What was the fighting about in the French and Indian war?

Answer 33

The British and French fought over disputed territory in the Ohio River Valley

Question 34

What ended the French and Indian war?

Answer 34

The Treaty of Paris

Question 35

What was another name for the French and Indian war?

Answer 35

The 7 year's war in Europe

Question 36

What were 2 results from the French and Indian war?

Answer 36

1. It made Britain the dominant colonial power in the world | 2. It left the British deeply in debt

Question 37

What were some examples of British taxes placed on the American colonists in order to reduce their debt

Answer 37

The Sugar act, Stamp act and Townshend acts

Question 38

Why did Americans object to the British taxes?

Answer 38

They had no representation in the Parliament

Question 39

What became the American rallying cry?

Answer 39

No taxation without representation

Question 40

When were five American colonists killed by British troops?

Answer 40

1770 at the Boston Massacre

Question 41

What was the Boston tea party?

Answer 41

A protest by American colonists against A monopoly granted the British East India Company by the Tea Act in 1773

Question 42

How did King George III punish Massachusetts?

Answer 42

By pushing a series of laws known as the Coercive Acts through Parliament

Question 43

When and where did the First Continental Congress meet?

Answer 43

Philadelphia in 1774

Question 44

What did the First Continental Congress establish?

Answer 44

A colonial wide series of boycotts and non-importation agreements

Question 45

When and where were the first shots of the American Revolution fired?

Answer 45

Lexington and Concord in April 1775

Question 46

When and where did the second Continental Congress convene? What did they do?

Answer 46

Philadelphia May 1775 | Named George Washington The commander of the Continental Army

Question 47

What was the first major battle of the Revolutionary war?

Answer 47

The Battle of Bunker Hill

Question 48

What was the battle that was the turning point of the Revolutionary war and why?

Answer 48

The Battle of Saratoga | It convinced the French to join the American side

Question 49

Who surrendered to Washington at Yorktown Virginia in 1781?

Answer 49

British Gen. Cornwalis

Question 50

Why was Gen. Cornwallis's surrender important?

Answer 50

Marked the last major battle of the Revolutionary war

Question 51

What ended the Revolutionary war?

Answer 51

The Treaty of Paris 1783

Question 52

What were the boundaries of the new United States made by the Treaty of Paris 1783?

Answer 52

The Mississippi River to the west, the Great Lakes to the north, Spanish Florida to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east

Question 53

Who was the main writer of the declaration of independence?

Answer 53

Thomas Jefferson

Question 54

By whom and when was the declaration of independence adopted?

Answer 54

The 2nd Continental Congress on July 4, 1776

Question 55

When were the articles of Confederation ratified?

Answer 55

1781. Became the first constitution of the United States

Question 56

What was the main problem of the articles of Confederation?

Answer 56

Its central government was too weak to carry out its duties

Question 57

What set up the Northwest territory for settlement?

Answer 57

The land ordinance of 1785

Question 58

What set up the Northwest territory for statehood?

Answer 58

The Northwest ordinance of 1787

Question 59

What did the Constitutional convention in Philadelphia in the summer of 1787 call for?

Answer 59

A government of three branches with bicameral legislature

Question 60

The Senate was to be represented based on what?

Answer 60

Equality

Question 61

The house of representatives was to be based on what?

Answer 61

Population

Question 62

Who supported ratifying the new constitution?

Answer 62

The Federalists

Question 63

Who opposed ratifying the new Constitution?

Answer 63

Anti-Federalists

Question 64

Why did the Federalists win the debate about ratifying the Constitution?

Answer 64

1. partly because of the Federalist papers | 2. A promise to add a bill of rights