mid term scariolo cunt

Question 1

Genetic Markers

Answer 1

Genetic elements detectable by cytogenic, phenotypic or molecular analysis and used to study the inheritant pattern of genes

Question 2

Molecular markers

Answer 2

Specific DNA sequences (detectable by primers) that can be used to identify specific genes.

Question 3

Classic markers

Answer 3

Morphological, cytological or biochemical markers.

Question 4

Molecular marker characteristics

Answer 4

• Based on the detection of differences in the DNA sequence of a specific chromosome region (polymorphism) between individuals
• Not affected by environmental factors
• They cover every part of the genome, making it possible to detect differences even in phenotypically indistinguishable individuals.
• Do not present pleiotropic or epistatic effects

-often codominant

Question 5

Genetic Map

Answer 5

shows the position (locus) of individual markers in the various linkage groups or putative chromosomes.

Question 6

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Answer 6

uses DNA polymerase to repeatedly replicate (amplify) a selected region of
DNA that lies between two known side sequences

Question 7

Gel-electrophoresis

Answer 7

A laboratory technique used to seperate and analyze DNA, RNA, or proteins based on size and charge.

Question 8

Multi-locus marker ( Random primer(RAPD, AFLP))

Answer 8

Analyze multiple loci at once.

Question 9

Single-locus marker (target-specific primer (SSR, SNP))

Answer 9

target just one specific location (locus) in the genome. making them very specific and accurate

Question 10

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Answer 10

RAPD uses short, random primers (usually ~10 nucleotides long) to amplify random segments of genomic DNA through PCR.

• No prior sequence info needed

Question 11

Simple sequence repeat (microsattelite)

Answer 11

Molecular markers that detect differences in short, repeated DNA sequences called microsatellites. They use specific primers that match the complementary flanking regions.

-Generally multiallelic
-co-dominant

Question 12

Capillary electrophoresis

Answer 12

Similar to gelelectrophoresis but with these diffrences:
-Narrow capillary tube
-Higher resolution
-small sample volume
-Fast separation time
-Use of fleurescent

Question 13

Single nucleotide polymorphism

Answer 13

a technique used for the detection of
co-dominant molecular markers based on tiny differences in a single DNA base.

• identified by DNA sequencing