Mid Term Study Flashcards
The attitudes, values, beliefs, and experiences a participant brings to a communication event are called
fields of experience
T/F Communication scholars have only recently begun to explore the challenges and promise of human communication.
False
Which is a characteristic of interpersonal communication?
It impacts participants’ relationships
Small group communication involves all of the following EXCEPT
communication between two people
Who was the first to teach about the value of a speaker’s credibility?
Aristotle
Which is a type of communication?
a. Small group
b. Public
c. All options are correct
d. Interpersonal
All options are correct
What variables does the interactive communication model add to the linear communication model?
feedback and fields of experience
T/F One guideline to remember when considering the ethics element of communication competence is to avoid intentionally hurting others with your communication.
True
In the linear and interactive models, the individual who generates information to be communicated is the
sender
T/F Competent communication suggests that one is able to apply his or her knowledge
to repeatable goal-directed behaviors.
True
Forming attributions is the process of
assigning meaning and understanding to others’ behavior.
T/F In individualistic cultures, your self and your needs take precedence over the needs and interests of the group or collective.
True
T/F Algebraic impressions are quick first impressions about the people you meet.
False
A useful method for testing your impressions in order to avoid errors in judgment is
perception-checking
Which of these asserts that you are more likely to choose friends who provide support for your self-concept?
Self-Verification Theory
If you overindulge at a buffet and the next day explain that your friends pressured you to eat more and more, you are exhibiting which perceptual error?
Actor-observer effect
T/F Your self-fulfilling prophecies can result in both positive and negative predictions about your future behavior.
True
The tendency to assign external causes for your own individual behavior is called the
actor-observer effect
Which of the following is NOT considered to be an influence on the self?
Face
Losing face can cause shame, humiliation, and sadness—all components of (the)
embarrassment
While listening to a grieving friend, it is wise to avoid
engaging in pseudo-listening
T/F Men are more likely to use content-oriented listening.
False
Janis listens to country music on her iTunes playlist purely for pleasure. Which function of listening is she illustrating?
Listening to appreciate
If Simon Cowell, a judge on America’s Got Talent, listens specifically to a contestant’s vocal quality, what listening function is he demonstrating?
Listening to appreciate
Which type of listener prefers to be intellectually challenged and seeks to evaluate messages?
Content-oriented listener
What defines which words represent which objects?
Constitutive rules
What governs how language is used?
Regulative rules
Which strategy can be used to achieve cooperative verbal communication?
Use more “we” language.
T/F Research suggests that people prefer those who use a dialect similar to their own.
True
T/F Regulative rules define words’ meanings.
True
Which aspect of Grice’s cooperative principle focuses on using truthful information?
Be honest
T/F Prejudiced language is a form of stereotyping.
False
T/F Constitutive rules guide spelling, grammar, and conversational structure.
False
T/F Research suggests that during verbal communication, men and women respond in a similar manner 99 percent of the time.
False
According to the cooperative principle, being relevant means speakers need to
use information applicable to the situation
T/F Nonverbal communication tends to be more trusted than verbal communication.
True
T/F Speech rate and volume are elements of vocalics.
True
When Kim’s boyfriend tells her that he loves her while staring aimlessly at the TV instead of at her, she is more likely to
believe his nonverbal communication
T/F Nonverbal communication can be intentional or unintentional
True
Guidelines that govern the appropriate use and expression of emotion are called
display rules
To increase your ability to interpret and understand nonverbal communication, you should
a. consider the context.
b. consider the other person’s culture.
c. practice perception-checking.
d. All of the options are correct.
All of the options are correct.
T/F Research suggests that women are more territorial than men.
False
T/F Nonverbal communication can be ambiguous because it is governed by rules that vary across cultures.
True
When you practice nonverbal inhibition, you
limit or control your nonverbal behavior
Dominance can be demonstrated by all of the following EXCEPT
avoiding eye contact
The feeling of emotional bonding or union between ourselves and others is
intimacy
T/F Research suggests that facial cues are the most important form of communication for forming impressions.
True
T/F If Raul’s girlfriend reports she is not scared, yet she grips his hand tightly and her eyes are glued wide open, he will believe her actions more than her words.
True
Verbal and nonverbal behaviors that have contradictory meanings are called
incongruent messages
T/F One can communicate dominance or submissiveness nonverbally.
True
Jorge’s parents have been married 25 years and call each other best friends. What type of love do they have?
Affection
In The Descendants, Matt King’s relationship with Joanie can be characterized as
changing from passionate to compassionate love
If Aiden and James, who have been dating for four years, decide to get married, what relational stage have they reached?
Bonding
What is occurring when someone you’re interested in makes it clear that he or she is also interested in you?
Reciprocal liking
What assesses relational attraction by weighing costs and benefits?
Social exchange theory
In what stage of coming apart does communication virtually cease?
Terminating
Regina and Juan have been dating for six months. They have shared much personal information with each other and have started using pet names to refer to one another. Which stage are they in at this point
Intensifying
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. I-Thou emphasizes differences with others.
B. I-It emphasizes communication that is honest and kind.
C. I-It regards other people as important sources of meaningful relationships.
D. I-Thou emphasizes similarities with others
I-Thou emphasizes similarities with others
What is the initial stage of coming apart, in which relational partners accentuate their differences?
Differentiating
Which statement is TRUE about companionate love?
Companionate love is an intense form of liking with emotional investment.
Which of these uses an onion as a metaphor to explain self-disclosure in personal relationships?
Social penetration theory
Which statement about self-disclosure is TRUE?
a. It occurs more online than face-to-face.
b. All of the options are correct.
c. Studies suggest that men are more likely to self-disclose to women.
d. It reduces stress and results in greater mental health.
All of the options are correct
Competing tensions or impulses experienced with a relational partner are known as
relational dialectics
T/F When engaging in supportive communication, you should avoid asking open-ended questions.
True
T/F People tend to self-disclose more in face-to-face interactions than in online interactions.
True
T/F A spouse who says “I have never really loved you” is revealing a dirty secret.
True
Which conflict conclusion occurs when one person gets his or her way by causing others to accommodate?
Domination
In which approach to conflict do people confront others and pursue their own goals while excluding others?
Competition
T/F Someone who suddenly declares that your relationship is over during a conflict is delivering a sudden-death statement.
True
Which statement describes the relationship between power and conflict?
People with power can choose to use or not use accommodation
Kitchen sinking is
dredging up past, unrelated problems
While attending a movie, you are disturbed by a child behind you who talks incessantly while repeatedly kicking the back of your seat. You respond by occasionally turning around and fidgeting in your seat. What type of conflict-management style are you exhibiting?
Avoidance
Which would you NOT recommend to an individualist trying to manage a conflict with a collectivist?
Manage conflicts when they arise
Which statement regarding the relationships between culture and conflict
is accurate?
Individualists and collectivists approach conflict differently
If Kevin and CJ deal with conflict by aggressively challenging one another, what style
of conflict management are they using?
Competition
Which of the following is not one of the five features that define communication?
Ethics
If you convince your sister to lend you her car by describing your clean driving record and devotion to speed limits, you are accomplishing what type of goal?
Self-presentation
According to this communication model, there aren’t senders or receivers; instead, participants constantly exchange verbal and nonverbal messages and feedback to collaboratively create meaning.
Transactional model
Which feature of competent communication requires you to treat other with respect and communicate with them honestly, kindly, and positively
Ethics
Repeatable goal-directed behaviors and behavioral patterns that you routinely practice and that reflect knowledge of competent communication are known as
Communication Skills
According to Self-Discrepancy Theory. you are more likely to experience high self esteem if
your self-concept matches your ideal and ought selves.
What is the difference between your face and a mask?
mask covers the private aspects of yourself
The overwhelming tendency of people to attribute others behaviors to internal rather than external forces is known as ___________________________.
fundamental attribution error
Which of the following impressions form over time?
Algebraic
Which of the following is not one of the fives steps of perception-checking?
Compare your impression with a neutral source
If you want to have an important conversation with a family member, you should first try to engage in a real-time conversation, or _____.
synchronous communication
When evaluating someone’s online face, which of the following do you consider as part of the content’s warranting value?
// If it is supported by others;
// if it can be verified by alternative sources;
// and if it is obviously crafted by the person posting it.
// all the above
all the above
Which of the following is a main cause of empathy deficits?
Lack of nonverbal feedback
_____________ occurs when people say or do negative things online that they would never do in person.
Flaming
Which of the following is not one of the chapter’s suggestions for competently using mediated communication?
Limiting mediated communication to a couple of messages per day
According to co-culture communication theory, the people with the most ________________ within a society determines the dominant culture.
power
When people communicate in rude or inappropriate ways, you’re more inclined to form negative impressions of them if you see them as _____________.
outgroupers
In ________________ cultures, people tend not to presume that others share their beliefs, attitudes, and values; thus, they strive to be informative, clear, and direct in their communication.
low-content
In high-uncertainty-avoidance cultures, what do people place a lot of value on?
Control
According to the chapter, which of the following is not a way to create intercultural competence?
Employing benevolent prejudice
You and your sister using the phase “blue moon” to signal to each other when your mom is in a bad mood is an example of ___________________.
connotative meanings
Which of the following is not one of the four characteristics of understandable language, according to the cooperative principles?
// Honest
// Symbolic
// Clear
// Informative
Symbolic
Phrases that both emphasize inclusions and enhance feelings of connection and similarity are known as _____________.
“we” language
According to researcher Dominic Infante. how can you competently communicate with verbally aggressive people?
// Avoid teasing, baiting, or insulting others;
// Minimize contact with people who are chronically verbally aggressive;
// Remain polite and respectful, and don’t retaliate with your own attacks.
// All of them are correct
All of them are correct
According to Table 5.3, types of Deception, which of the following refers to revealing only part of the truth while leaving out important information?
Concealment
communication
the process through which people create messages, using a variety of modalities and sensory channels to convey meanings within and across contexts
Messages
convey meaning (ideas and feelings shared)
Interactions
a series of exchanged messages
Modalities
a Face-to-face interaction, social media
channels
Sound, sight, touch
contexts
Class, parties, work, home
