Mid Terms Test Flashcards
(32 cards)
Define diet.
the kind and amount of food consumed each day
Define nutrients.
Molecular substances that are nourishing, and provide nourishment to cell, and therefore every multi-cellular component of an organism
What’s a Kilocalorie?
It’s the amount of energy required to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius from 36 to 37 C
How is are humans organized?
- Molecule
- Nutrient
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
Define Food.
Anything that nourishes the body
Define Nourish.
To keep alive
What is the difference between caloric density and nutrient density?
Caloric Density is a measurement of the average calories per weight (gram or ounce) of that food. By choosing foods that have a low calorie density you can eat more food and feel full on less calories.
Nutrient Density is the amount of nutrients provided relative to the number of Calories. Foods with high nutrient density are nutritious.
What’s the difference between Marconutrients and Micronutrients?
Macronutrients are energy providing nutrients, such as Carbs, Fats, and Proteins.
Micronutrients are non-energy producing nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals
What are the ABC’s of Nutrition?
Adequacy: essential nutrients, fiber, and engery(Calories) are present in diet
Balance: Food types complement one another in the diet. Not consuming one nutrient more than another
Calorie Control: An appropriate amount of Calories are eaten to maintain a healthy body weight
Define ATP
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate. The ultimate fuel source for the body
Define Moderation
diet does not contain an excess of unwanted substances
Define Hunger
the physiological need for food. body send signals saying “I’m hungry”
Define Appetite
the psychological desire for food. something looks, or smells good so you want to eat it
Define Verity
Different foods are used for the same purpose in the diet
Define Satiety
the Physiological feedback mechanisms that terminate food intake
What’s a monosaccharide?
any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar
What’s a polysaccharide?
any of a class of sugars whose molecules contain two monosaccharides
What are complex carbohydrates?
large chains of polysaccharides
Types of monosaccharides.
alpha-D-Glucose
beta-D-Fructose
beta-D-Galactose
Types of disaccharides.
alpha-Sucrose
alpha-Maltose
beta-Lactose
What’s an AMDR?
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range
What’s the AMDR of Carbs, Sugar, and Fiber?
Consume 45-65% of Calories from digestible carbohydrates; ≤ 25% Calories from added sugars; 1.4 grams fiber per 100 Calories consumed.
How many amino acids are used to make proteins
There are 20 in total: 9 essential (body can't make) 11 nonessential (The body can make from nitrogen & carbohydrate intermediates)
What are the 9 essential amino acids?
- Histidine
- Isoleucine
- Leucine
- Lysine
- Methionine
- Phenylalanine
- Threonine
- Tryptophan
- Valine
