Middle Ages Flashcards

(77 cards)

1
Q

What were Friars

A

Monks that travelled to places helping the poor

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2
Q

Name one group of Friars

A

Franciscans named after St.Francis of Assai

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3
Q

When did Friars appear

A

Around 1200

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4
Q

What rule did medical monks follow

A

St.Benidict rule

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5
Q

What was state St.Benidict rule?

A

Strict timetable monks followed

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6
Q

What were matins?

A

Prayers monks sang first thing in the morning at church

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7
Q

What time did monks wake up?

A

3am

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8
Q

What time did monks go to sleep

A

8pm

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9
Q

Who was an abbot

A

Head of monastery, elected by monks

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10
Q

Who was an Almoner?

A

Looked after the poor

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11
Q

Who was the infirmarian?

A

Looked after sick

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12
Q

Who was the holster

A

Looked after the travellers

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13
Q

What was the church

A

Monks prayed here 7 times a day

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14
Q

What was a cloisters

A

Where monks walked and prayed

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15
Q

What was the chapter house

A

Where business was discussed by monks, also abbot was elected here

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16
Q

What was the guest house

A

Where monks gave food to the poor people

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17
Q

What was the refectory

A

Where monks ate meals

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18
Q

What was the infirmary

A

Where monks took care of the sick

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19
Q

What was the guest house

A

Where monks gave food to poor people

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20
Q

What was a boy called when he joined a monastery

A

Novice

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21
Q

What did a boy do if he was good enough to. E a monk

A

Abbot had to pick him, he would let him take the Solemn vows

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22
Q

What were the solemn vows

A

Promises of Poverty, chastity, obedience

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23
Q

How was a monks hair cut

A

Tonsure - bald patch

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24
Q

What were the women’s praying communities called

A

Convents-nuns

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25
What were the men's praying communities called
Monasteries-monks
26
What's another name for an monastery
Abbey
27
What was the head of a monastery called
Abbot
28
What was the head of a convent called
Abbess
29
Which came first, Romanesque or Gothic
Romanesque
30
Describe Romanesque churches
Round arches, thick round columns, and dark interiors (Windows were small)
31
Describe gothic churches
Spires and towers, arches over Windows, doors were pointed, arches outside FLYING BUTRESSES, stained glass windows, gargoyles
32
What did flying BUTRESSES do
Inside of church could now be held up by slim columns , allowed big windows
33
What was a guild
Set standards of work & wages-looked after old &sick members-SET Examinations for people to make sure they were good at their trade
34
How could you become a craftswomen
If husband died
35
State the three stages of becoming a craftsmen
Apprentice-Journey man-Master
36
What was a charter
Legal document in which the King agreed to let a town run its own affairs
37
Where did rich merchants live
High street
38
What was curfew
At sunset bells rang this meant all fires MUST be put out
39
What was in the middle of the street
Open drain
40
Name a common skin disease
Leprosy (lepers)
41
When did a great plague happen
1347 &1350
42
What happened if you had the Black Death
Swelling under neck, armpit and groin
43
How was Black Death caused
Fleas carried by the black rat
44
What was a toll
Tax traders had to pay at towns gates
45
How did a lady marry
By contract organised by parents
46
What skills did lady's learn
Needlework, weaving, music, embroidery, curing illness
47
What did rich men wear
Tunics, leather pointed shoes (stuffed with horse hair)
48
What did women wear
Long dresses made of wool, headdress called a wimple
49
Name a popular hobby
Hawking (training Hawks to hunt)
50
What was a tournament
Jousting=1 on 1 Melees=group
51
What did they eat on in castle
Wooden boards or slices of bread called trenches
52
When was the Middle Ages
AD500 to about 1500
53
What happened due to no central government
Towns fell into ruin bandits and outlaws
54
What was the feudal system
People looked up to Lord for protection so this was his system
55
What was the Kings land called in the feudal system
Demented = 1/4
56
What were the kings followers called in the feudal system
Vassals some were lords
57
What did lords give to knights in the feudal system
Some of their land in return for fighting
58
What did peasants do in the feudal system
Farmed land, payed heavy taxes
59
What were the two kinds of peasants
Serfs and freemen
60
Who were serfs
Most common peasant, belonged to Lord and farmed his land - Got small piece of land and had to work on lords land in return - couldn't leave or get married w/out permission
61
What were freemen
Didn't give free labour but paid rent - travelled and married as they pleased - Still had to pay taxes to priest
62
What was the tithe
Name used for paying for mass
63
Where did the blacksmith work
Forge-made knives and axes
64
What was a note and Bailey castle
Small hill called motte-wooden fort-below fort, Bailey fort
65
What was the keep
Main building-Lord and lady lived here-Windows were slits
66
What were the battle ments
At top of keep
67
What were curtain walls
Outer walls of castle
68
What were turrets
Strong towers along walls
69
What was the drawbridge
Raised if enemy approached
70
What was a portcullis
Iron gille-could be lowered over gate
71
What was a ramparts
Ran along top of walls
72
What was the courtyard/Bailey
Open space
73
What were the latrines
Toilets
74
What was a siege
Enemy attacked and people went into hiding
75
Where did the Lord live
Top of castle
76
What was school like
Good manners and fighting skills were more important-only boys-5am,6pm
77
Where did lady live
Solar room