Middle Ages/ Renaissance

Question 1

What challenges did peasants in the Middle Ages face?

Answer 1

Disease, physical deformation, starvation, lived in filth and poverty, were uneducated

Question 2

What advantages did the nobility have over peasants?

Answer 2

rich, owned land, had servants

Question 3

Describe monophonic music

Answer 3

single, unaccompanied melody

Question 4

Describe polyphonic music

Answer 4

combination of two or more melodies simultaneously

Question 5

Describe neumes

Answer 5

square-shaped notes used in the music of the Middle Ages

Question 6

describe modes

Answer 6

unique system of half and whole steps

Question 7

Who were minstrels?

Answer 7

wandering performers of secular music

Question 8

which instruments were used to accompany battles and ceremonies in the middle ages?

Answer 8

trumpets, shawm

Question 9

Name at least two composers from the Middle Ages

Answer 9

Guillaume Machaut

Question 10

What does “Renaissance” mean?

Answer 10

The french word for rebirth

Question 11

what was the importance of the printing press to music

Answer 11

music could be mass produced and distributed throughout Europe, so music reached more people

Question 12

Were vocal and instrumental music equally popular? If not, which was more popular?

Answer 12

instrumental music became more popular in the Renaissance

Question 13

How did people decide which instruments to play with each piece?

Answer 13

The music director had to decide which instruments would be used for a piece, which usually depended upon what instruments were in the courts instrument collection

Question 14

Describe chromaticism

Answer 14

the use of notes outside the prevailing key

Question 15

describe a lute

Answer 15

wooden, plucked-stringed instrument, roughly similar to the modern guitar

Question 16

describe a madrigal

Answer 16

popular poetic, secular musical form

Question 17

describe a viol

Answer 17

stringed instrument played with a bow like the stringed instruments of today’s orchestras

Question 18

Name at least two composers from the Renaissance Period

Answer 18

William Byrd, Giovanni Pierluigi

Question 19

What was the most common style of music in the Romanesque Period of the Middle Ages?

Answer 19

Monophonic music such as Gregorian Chant

Question 20

Which period of the Middle Ages included more complex music?

Answer 20

Gothic Period

Question 21

T/F. Gregorian chant offered a way to incorporate instruments into music

Answer 21

false

Question 22

How were music and art similar in the Romanesque Period?

Answer 22

both had simple, uncompleted characteristics

Question 23

How were music and art similar in the Gothic Period?

Answer 23

creativity introduced more complexity into both art and music

Question 24

Describe a buisine

Answer 24

old style trumpet

Question 25

describe a liturgy

Answer 25

arrangment of a church service

Question 26

describe a Gregorian chant

Answer 26

monophonic music typically with a repeated reciting tone

Question 27

Name three Renaissance artists who were supported by wealthy aristocratic patrons

Answer 27

Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Bottecelli, Michelangelo Buonaroti

Question 28

What kind of music made its debut during the Renaissance?

Answer 28

folk-type music

Question 29

T/F. Monophony was prevalent in the Renaissance

Answer 29

False

Question 30

For which occasions were trumpet ensembles used?

Answer 30

only by royalty, mostly pageantry events such as coronations

Question 31

For which occasions were fife and drum used?

Answer 31

military music and funerals

Question 32

describe humanism

Answer 32

interest in man and the world in which he lives

Question 33

describe Protestant Reformation

Answer 33

greatly impacted the direction of music

Question 34

what did the invention of the printing press do?

Answer 34

introduced literature to the masses

Question 35

describe melody

Answer 35

primary structural focus of a compostition

Question 36

describe 4 differences of neumatic notation and what we use tody

Answer 36

``` different symbols staff has 4 lines and 3 spaces no key or time signature no accidentals bar lines are not full (short) telephone things is tonal center lyrics, etc. in latin ```