Middle East

Question 1

Maghrib

Answer 1

Time or place of the sunset

Question 2

Mashriq

Answer 2

Time or place of sunrise

Question 3

Adhan

Answer 3

The call to prayer in Islam, uttered five times daily.

Question 4

Muhammad

Answer 4

Muslim prophet that spread Islam

Question 5

Sunni

Answer 5

The mainstream Muslim branch that believes that Muhammad does not have a successor

Question 6

Shia

Answer 6

Branch of Islam that believes that Muhammad has a successor, Ali.

Question 7

Sufi

Answer 7

The mystical branch of Islam. Rejected by many because they listen to music.

Question 8

Musiqa vs. non-musiqa

Answer 8

The two sections that Muslims categorize music in. Western music is musiqa and is not legitimate. Call to prayer is non-musiqa and is legitimate.

Question 9

Ud

Answer 9

Arabic lute

Question 10

Maqam

Answer 10

Arabic/Turkish mode or system

Question 11

Cents

Answer 11

A way to measure sound

Question 12

Santur

Answer 12

Persian hammered zither

Question 13

Dastgah

Answer 13

Persian mode or system

Question 14

Tar

Answer 14

Persian lute shaped like an eight

Question 15

Tahkt

Answer 15

Egyptian ensemble including zithers, aerophones, and lutes.

Question 16

Kanun

Answer 16

Four-sided instrument resembling an autoharp

Question 17

Raqs sharqi

Answer 17

Belly dance

Question 18

Tarab

Answer 18

Arabic word for state of emotional transformation or ecstasy achieved through music

Question 19

Dhikr

Answer 19

Sufi devotional act in which believers chant the name of God with the goal of entering an ecstatic state.

Question 20

Jalal-Al din Muhammad rumi

Answer 20

Sufi saint of Islamic mysticism known for his poems and as the founder of the Mevlevi religious order

Question 21

Dervish

Answer 21

Western name for Sufi

Question 22

Klezmer

Answer 22

European derived dance music commonly associated with Jewish celebrations

Question 23

Nusach

Answer 23

Jewish cantillation

Question 24

Torah

Answer 24

The first five books of the Bible

Question 25

Shofar

Answer 25

A jewish ritual trumpet made of a rams horn

Question 26

Five pillars of Islamic faith

Answer 26

1. Confession of faith 2. Prayer five times a day 3. Almsgiving -giving money or food to poor people 4. Fasting during Ramadan 5. Making at least one pilgrimage to Mecca

Question 27

Rabab

Answer 27

Lute-like instrument

Question 28

Sephardic Jews

Answer 28

From North Africa and Asia

Question 29

Ashkenzai Jews

Answer 29

From Europe

Question 30

Muezzin

Answer 30

The person performing the call to prayer

Question 31

Buzuq

Answer 31

Fretted, round bodied lute with 3 courses of strings

Question 32

Taqasim

Answer 32

Improvisation on a maqam before a larger composition in a solo instrument