Middle East Test Flashcards
(29 cards)
What was it historically called?
Eurocentric
Who has ruled over the region?
Egyptian, Sumerian, Babylonian, Hittites, Egyptian, Assyrian, Persian, Macedonian, Roman, Islamic conquest, Ottoman Empire
Effects of colonization,Effects of thousands of years of takeover
- occupation led to a distrust of western Europe throughout the Arab world
- conflicts in the region
- religion
What happened to the region after WWI? WWII?
WWI: The Ottoman Empire was defeated (broke up), many countries became independent
WWII: Israel is created
Significance of 1948
Created the state of Israel and over time, the land occupied by the palestinians shrunk
Israeli-Palestinian conflict slides
- Extremists (terrorists)- Hamas
- More peaceful -Fata
How has the Israeli-Palestinian conflict affected the region?
- a lot of fighting
- racism and hatred from Jews to palestinians and vise versa
- Palestine has lost a lot of territory in Israel
5 Pillars of Islam
- Prayer 5 times a day
- Pilgrimage to Mecca
- Giving of Alms
- Fasting during Ramadan
- Profession of Faith (there is one God and Mohammed is the Prophet)
Interpretation of the word “jihad?”
Jihad (In Koran)- struggle to defend your religion and to expand the religion peacefully;
90%- interpretation of that
10%- think that means violence (ISIS)
What is Islamism?
Islamism: set of beliefs that Islam be the center of the political, social, and personal life. Also known as “Political Islam”
What impact is it now having on the region? Why can it be viewed as dangerous?
Dangerous attacks, public executions, terrorist acts (ISIS)
Arab Spring
series of protest throughout the middle east. People seeking democratic forms of government, more rights.
Refugee Crisis/Syrian Civil War/American and Russian Involvement
Why is it happening?
Civil War- people rebelling against the government
Who are the parties involved?
- Syrian Government side- President Assad, Russia and Iran
- Rebel groups- Free Syrian Army, Saudi Arabia, United States, Britain, France
- Fights everyone- ISIS
How has US and Russia gotten involved? What sides are they taking?
- The US supports The Free Syrian Army: has sent CIA agents to train the Free Syrian army and they have supplied them with weapons and money
- Russia supports the Syrian Government:
What is the result of this civil war?
over 50% of the citizens are fleeing the country
Why are refugees leaving Iraq and Afghanistan?
Because ISIS is taking over
What is the UNHCR?
- United Nations High Commission for Refugees
- The branch of the U.N that runs the refugee camps- underfunded
Migrant
A person that moves to a different country NOT because of persecution
IDP
a person who is forcefully uprooted within his/ her country but has not crossed international borders.
Host Country
the country in which refugees locate
Asylum
Shelter or protection from danger granted by a country to someone forced to leave their home country.
Top IDP counties
Syria, Colombia, Iraq, Sudan, Democratic republic of Congo.
Top origin of refugees
Syria, Afghanistan, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan
