Midter Topics

Question 1

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 1

1.60x10^-19 C,

Question 2

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 2

-1.60x10^-19 C,

Question 3

What is the mass of protons and neutrons?

Answer 3

1.67x10^-27 kg.

Question 3

What is the mass of an electron?

Answer 3

9.11x10^-31 kg.

Question 4

What naturally occuring element has the highest atomic number (92)?

Answer 4

uranium

Question 4

Atomic number os the sum of what sub atomic particles?

Answer 4

protons and neutrons

Question 5

What is an isotope?

Answer 5

element that don’t have the same number of neutrons to protons

Question 6

What is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the atom’s naturally occurring isotopes.

Answer 6

atomic weight

Question 7

In computing for the atomic weight, atomic mass unit is used. 1 amu is defined as ____ of the atomic mass the most common isotope of _______, __________.

Answer 7

1/12, carbon, carbon12

Question 8

A set of principles and laws that govern
systems of atomic and subatomic entities that came to be known as ________.

Answer 8

quantum mechanics.

Question 8

What atomic model is assumed wherein electrons are orbiting the nucleus?

Answer 8

Bohr’s atomic model

Question 9

model that is used to describe the position and probability distribution of electrons

Answer 9

wave-mechanical model

Question 10

What principal quantum number specifies the shell in a wave-mechanical model?

Answer 10

n or n=1,2,3,4…, or K,L,M,N,O…

Question 11

Quantum number that signifies the subshell, and is also related to the shape of the electron subshell.

Answer 11

l=s,p,d,f

Question 12

Quantum number that is also associated with the Bohr model, and also tells the distance of the electron from the nucleus?

Answer 12

n

Question 13

The number of energy states for each subshell is determined by the third quantum number, __. For an s subshell, there is a single energy state, whereas for p, d, and f subshells, three, five, and seven states exist, respectively.

Answer 13

m sub l

Question 14

Associated with each electron is a spin moment, which must be oriented either
up or down. Related to this spin moment is the fourth quantum number, __, for
which two values are possible (+1/2 and -1/2), one for each of the spin orientations.

Answer 14

m sub s

Question 14

When all the electrons
occupy the lowest possible energies in accord with the foregoing restrictions, an
atom is said to be in its ______.

Answer 14

ground state

Question 15

This principle stipulates that each electron state can hold no
more than two electrons, which must have opposite spins.

Answer 15

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 15

Horizontal rows in a periodic table are called?

Answer 15

period

Question 15

they readily accept electrons to form
negatively charged ions, or sometimes they share electrons with other atoms.

Answer 15

electronegative elements

Question 15

Elements, mostly metals, that gives off their valence electrons during chemical bonding are called _____________.

Answer 15

electropositive elements

Question 16

the energy that would be required to separate these two atoms to an
infinite separation.

Answer 16

bonding energy

Question 17

The attractive bonding forces in an ionic bonding is __________. That is, positive and negative ions,
by virtue of their net electrical charge, attract one another.

Answer 17

coulombic

Question 18

2.7). The wider the separation (both horizontally relative to Group IVA—and vertically) from the lower left to the upper-right-hand corner (i.e., the greater the difference in electronegativity), the more _______ the bond.

Answer 18

ionic

Question 19

In metallic bonding, the remaining nonvalence electrons and atomic nuclei form what are called ___.

Answer 19

ion cores

Question 19

Secondary bonding forces such as Van der Waals, arise from atomic or molecular ____.

Answer 19

dipole

Question 20

When does an electric dipole exist?

Answer 20

whenever there is some separation of positive and negative portions of an atom or molecule

Question 20

What is a coulombic attraction?

Answer 20

Coulombic attraction is the attraction between oppositely charged particles.

Question 20

Dipole interactions occur between?

Answer 20

induced dipoles, and polaw covalent molecule (a type of covalent bond wherein there is a permanent separation of charge)

Question 20

____________ a special type of secondary bonding, is found to exist between some molecules that have hydrogen as one of the constituents.

Answer 20

Hydrogen bonding