Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Holistic Health > midterm 1 > Flashcards

midterm 1 Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

prurititis

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

vitilago

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ephelides

A

freckles:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nevus

A

mole - rapid growth of melanocytes, tan and

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

junctional nevus

A

common in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

compound nevus

A

common in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pallor

A

common in high stress states

skin takes on color of connective tissue

can be seen in conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

erythema

A

intense redness from

cheeks, neck, upper chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish and mottled discoloration
decreased perfusion
seen on lips, oral mucosa, and tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discolouration of skin - increased bilirubin

location: hard and soft palate junction,
sclera, conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

can be increased metabolic rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

edema

A

accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces

normally not present

imprint thumbs firmly against ankle malleolus

graded on a four point scale

1+ mild pitting when pressing down, no clear visible swelling
2+ moderate indentation/pitting that goes away rapidly
3+ deep pitting, indentation remains for a short time, swelling of leg(s)
4+ very deep pitting, indentation lasts a long time, gross swelling and distortion of their leg(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

turgor

A

ability of skin to return to place when tugged on and then released

anterior aspect of chest under the clavicle is the best place to test on elderly

decreases with edema

tenting; skin stays up - this means dehydration

can be done on fingers but not as accurate

scleroderma can impact this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vascularity or bruising

A

cherry angiomas: smooth, brightly raised red dots, appear on trunk over the age of 30 and are non significant

ecchymosis: consistent with a pattern of injury/trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

primary lesion

A

previously unaltered skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

secondary lesion

A

may arise from primary trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lesion characteristics

A 
color
elevation
pattern or shape
size in centimetres
location and distribution
exudate: anything coming out of the wound
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

blanching

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

exudate (of skin)

A

C&S

swab for culture and sensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lesion shape: annular/circular

A

circular pattern
tinnea corporis usually - ringworm
started in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

confluent lesion

A

lesions that merge together, blotchy

hives -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

grouped/clustered lesions

A

contact dermatitis

clustered rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

discrete lesions

A

individuals lesions that remain seperate
round painless bumps
like melascom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

gyrate lesions

A

twisted, coiled or snake like looking lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
linear
scratch, streak, line
26
polycyclic lesion
ring shaped lesions that grow together
27
target lesion
iris looking, associated with lyme disease | "bull's eye rash"
28
zosteriform lesion
linear pattern region along a nerve root/dermatone common with shingles - varicella zosters, herpes simplex shingles: will not cross the midline of the body - never crosses over more common over 60 but can be in younger groups. has to be treated within 72 hours - with an antiviral
29
primary lesions
``` macule papule patch plaque nodule wheal tumour urticaria vesicle cyst bulla pustule ```
30
secondary lesions
``` crust scale fissure erosion ulcer excoriation scar atrophic scar lichenificaton keloid ```
31
vesicle
``` elevated filled with fluid up to 1 cm in diameter herpes simplex shingles ``` can be contagious with they burst
32
primary macule
flat less than 1 cm color change on the skin freckle, petichiae
33
primary lesion: nodule
34
primary lesion: bulla
single chamber, superficial, greater than 1cm thick wall, easily ruprtured example: blister
35
primary lesions:pustular
elevated, more circular example: acne
36
primary lesions: cyst
encapsulated fluid in a core, in dermis and subcutaneous layer, and elevated
37
secondary lesions: atrophic scar
tissue loss | thinning of epidermis
38
secondary lesion: erosion
superficial, shoallow depressioni n lost epidermis, moist, no active bleeding
39
secondary lesions: lichenification
tightly packed papules from intense scratching, tough skin
40
secondary lesions: scales
silvery, dry, flakes of skin, dead excess keratin cells, common in psoriasis
41
secondary lesions: crust
42
secondary lesions: lichenification
43
secondary lesions: fissure
linear cracks of dermis and epidermis with abrupt edges that can be seen clearly can be dry or moist common with athletes foot
44
secondary lesions: scar
collagen buildup, replaces a normal tissue after trauma, example surgical scar
45
secondary lesions: ulcer
irregular in shape can bleed goes into dermis and can go all the way down to the bone. example: pressure ulcer
46
vascular lesions
hemangiomas: increased blood growth in the dermis, mature or immature, can be flat or elevated. port wine: don't disappear strawberry mark: immature telangie: vascular dialations and are visible on the surface - spider or star angioma venous lake 3. purpuric lesions; blood flows out and deposits in tissues a. petechiae: very small 1-3mm b. purpura: merged patch of petechiae c. ecchymosis ( brusuie) : leakage of blood into skin that is greater than 3mm 2
47
contusion: lesion of trauma
``` lesion caused by trauma or abuse or bleeding disorders dosnt blanch color changes with healing time ``` can be associated with liver dysfunction
48
hematoma: truama lesion
can be found at site of surgery | excess bleeding under the surface of the skin
49
lesions caused by trauma; pattern injury
injuries like scalding, bite marks, belt marks, cigarette burns, deformities in the limbs due to untreated fractures, dog bite wounds - prone to infection - rabies.
50
lyme disease
infectious disease transmitted by ticks or small rodents common in wooden areas increased risk in late spring and summer onset: small red bump similar to mosquito bite appears after tick bite fever rash: bull's eye rash - erythemia migrans can cause facial paralysis, arthritis, shortness of breath, inflammation of brain and spinal cord treatment: doxicycline (not for under 9), antibiotic prevention:
51
pressure injury
skin breakdown due to impaired circulation classified according to stages prevalence of 4% acute-care 30% in complex care common sites: Back: heel, ischium, sacrum, elbow, scapula, vertebra side: anke, knee, hip, rib, shoulder
52
pressure injury risk factors
1. Impaired mobility (immobility/confined to bed) 2. Thin fragile skin of aging 3. Decreased sensory perception 4. Impaired level of consciousness 5. Moisture 6. Shearing injury 7. Poor nutrition 8. Infection
53
pressure injury stages
1. non-blanchable erythema without a breach in epidermis 2. partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis and dermis 3. full-thickness skin loss extending into the subcutaneous tissue but not through underlying fascia 4. full thickness skin loss through fascia with extensive tissue destruction, involving muscle, bone, tendon or joint
54
pressure injury: unstageable
full thickness wound but inability to see it due to slough or black dead tissue.
55
pressure injury: deep tissue
persistent, non blanchable, deep red or purple, maroon, intact skin, caused by damage to underlying tissue
56
braden scale
used to predict pressure sore risk assess risk of six areas 1. sensory perception: can they feel the region 2. moisture 3. activity 4. mobility 5. nutrition 6. friction and shear The lower the score, the higher the risk The higher the score, the lower the risk
57
hair: structure
58
new born hair
lanugo: fine downy hair, gestation age association - vellus hair: by 1 month terminal hair: soft and patchy
59
adolescent hair
accelerated growth | pubic, axillary and facial hair develop
60
older adults hair
decreased melanocytes - grey/white hair thin and fine decrease in axillary and pubic hair bristly facial hair in females
61
female pattern hair loss
general all around hair loss
62
alopecia
significant loss of hair associated with increased stress,..... can be symmetrical and can have associated symptoms unusual: PCOS, facial hair, change in hair texture - hirsutism
63
seborrhea
64
nails: structure and function
65
subungual hematoma

Holistic Health (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions