Midterm 1:

Question 1

Check a child for facial symmetry and normality of features.
A child with Down Syndrome will have ________ palpebral fissures.

Answer 1

Upslanting

Question 2

Check a child for facial symmetry and normality of features.
A child with Noonan Syndrome will have ________ palpebral fissures.

Answer 2

Downslanting

Question 3

Short palpebral fissures is a sign of __________.

Answer 3

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 4

Nystagmus (wandering or shaking eye movements) in newborns, after a few days can be a sign of what two things?

Answer 4

1: Poor vision
2: Central nervous system disease

Question 5

When examining a newborns mouth, what are the tiny, white or yellow, rounded mucous retention cysts located along the hard palate? _________ _____

Answer 5

Epstein Pearls

Question 6

Chloasma or melasma are irregular brownish patches on the forehead, neck, nose and jaw of a pregnant person. Is this a normal finding?

Answer 6

Yes. Its also called the “mask of pregnancy”.

Question 7

For a pregnant patient, facial edema after 20 weeks is suspicious for which disorder?

Answer 7

Preeclampsia

Question 8

Hearing loss associated with aging is termed: ____________.

Answer 8

Presbycusis

Question 9

If a patient fails the hearing test, what test can be done to determine if the hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural in origin?

Answer 9

Weber and Rinne fork tests

Question 10

What is a healthy, normal BMI?

Answer 10

18.5-24

Question 11

Answer 11

Gyrate: Twisted, Coiled, Spiral, Snakelike

Question 12

What are 3 types of testing to diagnose DM?

Answer 12

Hemoglobin A1c (> or = to 6.5%)
Fasting glucose (>126)
FSBG (>200 2 hrs after eating)

Question 13

How old do you have to be and who cannot have the Varicella vaccine?

Answer 13

Age 13 or older and you cannot have the vaccine if you are pregnant or have AIDS.

Question 14

How soon after having the TD vaccine can a patient get TDAP?

Answer 14

Right away

Question 15

______ is when after tactile stimulus, the patient looks at you, but still responds slowly and somewhat confused.

Answer 15

Obtundation

Question 16

Dysarthia means:

Answer 16

Defective articulation, ex slurred speech.

Question 17

Term for repeating other people’s words or phrases.

Answer 17

Echolalia

Question 18

PHQ-9 is what type of screening tool?

Answer 18

Depression

Question 19

GAD 7 is what type of screening tool?

Answer 19

Anxiety

Question 20

What position are rectal exams completed in?

Answer 20

SIMS position

Question 21

When taking a blood pressure, some patient have an auscultory gap. What is this associated with?

Answer 21

Arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic disease

Question 22

Average sodium intake recommendation.

Answer 22

<1500

Question 23

Primary Lesions: FLAT
___: < 1 cm flat change of skin color
___: > 1cm same but larger

Answer 23

Macule
Patch - EX redness under cheeks

Question 24

Primary Lesions: Raised Spots
___: < 1cm small elevation of skin
___: > 1cm large raised area
___: Larger and deeper- solid elevation that extends to the deeper skin layers

Answer 24

Papule: Ex: nevi, warts, insect bites, acne
Plaque: Ex psoriasis
Nodule: Ex: Cysts, lipomas, fibromas

Question 25

Primary Lesions: Fluid Filled __: < 1cm elevation containing clear fluid __: > 1cm larger fluid filled

Answer 25

Vesicle: Ex: herpes, contact dermatitis, autoimmune blistering Bullae

Question 26

Primary Lesions: Pus filled ___: Small while collection of neutrophils or keratin- filled with purulent fluid

Answer 26

Pustule

Question 27

Inflamed hair follicle is called?

Answer 27

Furuncle

Question 28

Two type of hair: __: Short fine unpigmented __: Coarser, ticker, usually pigmented

Answer 28

Vellus Terminal

Question 29

Basal Cell Carcinoma: - Most common form of skin cancer - Described as _____

Answer 29

A pink patch that does not heal and may have focal scaling.

Question 30

Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Arises from actinic keratoses. Described as _______ patches with _______ margins.

Answer 30

Scaly patches with sharp margins

Question 31

At birth there is a fine, downy growth of hair over the entire body called _____

Answer 31

Lanugo

Question 32

A newborn with midline hair tufts over the lumbosacral spine can suggest ____.

Answer 32

Spinal cord defect

Question 33

MMSE, Mini-cog and The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa) are screening tools for what?

Answer 33

Dementia

Question 34

In newborns, _____ are white, pearly papules on the face that represent the opening of sweat glands.

Answer 34

Milia

Question 35

_____ is the visual layer of the eye in which light waves are changed to nerve impulses. This is where we use an opthalmoscope.

Answer 35

Retina

Question 36

The bony labyrinth of the ear is a sensory organ for equilibrium and hearing. It feeds the brain the body's position. If there is inflammation here it can create ____.

Answer 36

A staggering gait and strong whirling sensation (vertigo).

Question 37

Thyroid: Soft in _____ disease Firm in _____ disease

Answer 37

Soft in Graves Disease Firm in Hashimoto Disease

Question 38

Hallmark sign of Cushing's Syndrome?

Answer 38

"moon" face with puffy red cheeks

Question 39

Farsightedness: ________ Nearsightedness: ______

Answer 39

Hyperopia - farsightedness Myopia - nearsightedness

Question 40

_____ When the pupils are unequal by at least 4mm.

Answer 40

Anisocoria

Question 41

Difference between conductive hearing loss and sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 41

Conductive is the loss of hearing due to the external and middle ear. Sensorineural is loss due to the inner ear.

Question 42

Otitis externa or otitis media with perforation usually present with ______ discharge.

Answer 42

Yellow green

Question 43

If the tympanic membrane appears as a large, chalky, white patch its called ______.

Answer 43

Tympanosclerosis. Usually a result of scarring from otitis media.

Question 44

-Serous effusion of the tympanic membrane appears as: ____. -Caused by upper resp infections or change in atmospheric pressure. -Fullness or popping sensation can be heard.

Answer 44

Amber fluid behind the ear drum.

Question 45

A smooth tongue (Atrophic Glassitis) suggests: ______.

Answer 45

Deficiency of B12, folic acid, iron, niacin, riboflavin or treatment with chemo.

Question 46

What order are the skills in a physical assessment? (Except abdominal)

Answer 46

Inspection Palpation Percussion Auscultation

Question 47

Which cranial nerve is being affected if there is an absence in reaction to light, direct and consensual?

Answer 47

CN III

Question 48

Nonmaleficence

Answer 48

"First, do no harm."

Question 49

Beneficence

Answer 49

Clinicians should act for the patients' benefit and treat disease.

Question 50

A pregnant woman, over 20 weeks, has facial edema. What is this suspicious for?

Answer 50

Preeclampsia

Question 51

What's the term for this variation in thought processes: A roundabout expression, substituting a forgotten word or phrase.

Answer 51

Circumlocution

Question 52

What's the term for this variation in thought processes: Shifting topics that are loosely connected or unrelated. Unaware of the lack of association.

Answer 52

Derailment

Question 53

What's the term for this variation in thought processes: Invented or distorted words

Answer 53

Neologisms