Midterm 1 Flashcards by VALERIA MARTINEZ

Study of last things or end times:

apocalypse
prophecy ex eventu
exhortation
eschatology

eschatology

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The following is not a characteristic of an ancient apocalypse:

God speaking directly to a human with no intermediary

predictions of final judgment

concern with both the beginning and the end of the world (or era)

a dualistic view of the universe: Good vs. Evil, Heaven vs. Earth, etc.

God speaking directly to a human with no intermediary

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A succinct definition for the ancient genre “apocalypse”:

Sermon that teaches humans about getting into heaven and staying out of hell

poem about angels and demons

historical narrative about the kings of ancient Israel

narrative about a divine mediator giving secrets of time & space to a human

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True or False: Prophecy ex eventu is a term for a report of an otherworldly journey through heaven and hell.

False

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True or False: The only ancient “apocalypses” that we have are in the Bible.

False

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True or False: The word “apocalypse” (Greek apokalypsis) means an “uncovering, revealing.”

True

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The empire that historically conquered Jerusalem and destroyed the (first) Jerusalem Temple in 586 BCE:

Persian
Roman
Greek
Babylonian

Babylonian

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The Persian king who is called a Messiah in the Hebrew Bible because he allowed the Jewish exiles to return home and rebuild their Jerusalem temple:

Cyrus the Great
Nebuchadnezzar
Alexander the Great
Antiochus IV

Cyrus the Great

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The cataclysmic story of destruction in the Hebrew Bible that was fascinating to some Jewish authors of apocalypses:

the exodus from Egypt led by Moses across the Red Sea

expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden

the conquest of Canaan by the Israelites

the worldwide flood in the time of Noah

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The defining feature of a cosmological apocalypse is:

an otherworldly journey

a pseudonymous protagonist

resurrection from the dead

prophecy ex eventu

an otherworldly journey

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The first five books of the Hebrew Bible are also called:

the Torah
the Pentateuch
the TaNaKh
the Prophets
the Nevi’im

the Torah
the Pentateuch

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True or False: The Dead Sea Scrolls preserve the oldest known copies of the Hebrew Bible.

True

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The story of the invasion of Gog from Magog is found in this book of the Hebrew Bible:

Daniel
Isaiah
Ezekiel
Genesis

Ezekiel

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True or False: Authors of apocalypses almost always wrote under a pseudonym (a pen name or narrative persona), usually of an ancient wiseman or scribe.

True

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Which of the following biblical books is or are found in the Nevi’im/Prophets section of the Hebrew Bible?

Proverbs
Deuteronomy
1 Samuel
Isaiah
Genesis

1 Samuel
Isaiah

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When were the earliest Jewish apocalypses written?
Hellenistic period (323-31 BCE)
Roman period (31 BCE-395 CE/AD)
Hasmonean period (about 140-37 BCE)
Persian period (550-330 BCE)

Hellenistic period (323-31 BCE)

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The so-called four horsemen of the apocalypse first appear in this book.

Revelation
Isaiah
Daniel
Ezekiel

Revelation

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This person becomes a major character in Jewish apocalyptic literature, despite appearing only briefly in the Book of Genesis.

Abraham
Enoch
Noah
Adam

Enoch

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True or False: Jewish apocalypses often contain allusions to ancient Near Eastern myths.

True

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True or False: Apocalypses were typically written to console or exhort (encourage) their audience.

True

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The only complete copies of 1 Enoch are preserved in this language.

Ethiopic
Hebrew
Aramaic
Greek

Ethiopic

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The earliest parts of 1 Enoch were composed during this period.

Hasmonean
Roman
Hellenistic
neo-Babylonian

Hellenistic

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True or False: 1 Enoch was composed by a single author.

False

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Some Christian traditions associate Enoch with this other biblical character who supposedly didn’t die.

Isaiah
Elijah
Moses
Abraham

Elijah

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True or False: The Greek ruler who conquered Persia and the entire Near East in the late 330s and 320s BCE was Alexander the Great.

True

True or False: In contrast to Genesis 1-11, the Book of Watchers emphasizes human responsibility for the origin of evil.

False

True or False: The character “Daniel” in the Book of Daniel is described as one of the young Jewish/Judean men deported from Jerusalem to Babylon.

True

The Book of Watchers was composed in this language. Greek Hebrew Aramaic Ethiopic

Aramaic

Enoch does NOT fulfill this role in the Book of Watchers. Scribe Priest King Prophet

King

true or False: The Book of Watchers is quoted in the New Testament Book of Jude.

true

True or False: The “Ancient of Days” (or "Ancient One") seated on a throne in Daniel ch. 7 is an angel.

False

True or False: The Jewish festival that celebrates the rededication of the temple after it was profaned by the Greeks in 164 BCE is Hanukkah.

True

True or False: Some scholars argue that Jewish apocalyptic dualism was influenced by Persian religious ideas.

True

True or False: The Book of Watchers is an example of pseudepigraphy.

True

True or False: The Ptolemies were the Greek dynastic rulers of Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great, who are called the kings of the South in the book of Daniel.

True

The following is not one of the court tales in the Book of Daniel chs. 1-6: the story about the three friends in the fiery furnace the story about Daniel's interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's dream about a multi-part statue the story about Daniel's symbolic vision of the ram and goat the story about Daniel in the lions' dean

the story about Daniel's symbolic vision of the ram and goat

The key to deciphering the codes in Daniel may be linked to this king who persecuted Jews in the 160s BCE, but who is never explicitly named in the book: Ptolemy I Nabonidus Cyrus the Great Antiochus IV

Antiochus IV

The figure in Daniel 7 who is given dominion over the earth by the Ancient of Days: one like a son of man (one like a human) a Beast from the Sea the Prince of Persia Son of Man

one like a son of man (one like a human)

True or False: Most modern scholars think that the Book of Daniel was written in the 500s BCE, the time period in which it is set.

False

True or False: History in Daniel is more accurate in the last half of the book than the first, even if it is written in code, without specific names.

True

The Jerusalem Temple was destroyed twice in history, by these two foreign empires: Babylon and Persia Babylon and Rome Greece and Rome Persia and Greece

Babylon and Rome

True or False: The Christian New Testament was written about 400 to 500 CE/AD.

False

True or False: The authors of the Dead Sea Scrolls were probably Pharisees.

False

Hebrew term in the War Scroll for Mediterranean peoples & islanders, especially Romans: Pharisees Cypriotes Kittim Sadducees

Kittim

Early Christian missionary and letter-writer, with an urgent eschatology proclaiming that Christ’s return or second coming would be soon: Jesus Peter John Paul

Paul

The biggest problem at the Thessalonian church that Paul addresses in his first letter (1 Thessalonians) is: outsiders were telling people Jesus was not going to return people have died without seeing the 2nd coming of Jesus Christ new people are persuading the Thessalonians to sin the Thessalonians are not holding to the teachings Paul taught them

people have died without seeing the 2nd coming of Jesus Christ

True or False: The Dead Sea Scroll sect had the same view of Jewish law as the priests in Jerusalem.

False

True or False: The Dead Sea sect expected one kingly Messiah to come at any time.

False

The earliest (first to have been written) parts of the New Testament are: Paul's letters the Acts of the Apostles the Gospels the Revelation of John

Paul's letters

The earliest of the New Testament gospels to have been written (even if it is not the first in the order of New Testament books): Matthew John Luke Mark

Mark

This New Testament Gospel is NOT one of the synoptic gospels. Matthew Mark John Luke

John

According to the Book of Acts, the apostle Paul is from this city. Jerusalem Tarsus Damascus Rome

Tarsus

True or False: The Dead Sea Scrolls preserve ONLY sectarian documents.

False

True or False: Pesher texts from the Dead Sea Scrolls are a type of biblical commentary.

True

True or False: In Mark 13 (sometimes called the "Little Apocalypse"), Jesus predicts the destruction of the Jerusalem temple.

True

The Qumran sect did NOT compose this genre of text. apocalypse rules pesher hymns

Apocalypse

Jewish sectarian groups began to emerge especially in this period. Hasmonean Persian Hellenistic Roman

Hasmonean

Most New Testament scholars argue that this letter was NOT actually written by the apostle Paul. Galatians Romans 1 Thessalonians Titus

Titus

True or False: The New Testament Gospels are anonymous.

True

True or False: The Synoptic Gospels portray Jesus as an apocalyptic prophet.

True