Midterm 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Scott
States are most important actor in world politics, Self-determination, state recognition, jurisdiction of state, difference between states and nations
Constitutive Theory (Scott)
States become states once recognized by other states
Declarative Theory (Scott)
Stats are states even if not recognized if it meets criterea of international law
Active Personality Principle (Scott)
A state may prosecute it’s people’s crimes all across the world
Lotus Case
French ship collides with Turkish ship, killing eight Turks. Turkey arrest the French captain, France argues that they should have jurisdiction because captain was on a French ship. Court rules Turkey can do what they want as long as it doesn’t interfere with international law, which it doesn’t. Permissive rules also apply.
Trail Smelter Case
Canada had a smelter near the border which caused fumes to waft into Washington. International Court ruled that Canada had to shut down the plant because they were using their territory in a way which caused injury
Russett
Democracies rarely fight each other, largely due to similar interests. Definition of democracy depends on era, but depends on contested elections, civil rights and economic liberty.
Transnationalism (Russett)
autonomy and pluralism among states promotes transnational linkages
Cultural/Normative model (Russett)
Transnational and international institutions make peace, distance prevents war, and legal systems
Structural/institutional model (Russett)
Mobilization constraint: Democracies need public support, which is hard to get for a war, non-democracies do not. Also constraints from international law
Immerwahr
Puerto Ricans led by Campos has almost no literature despite great knowledge of subject. Historians focus on empires and colonies, but not the “informal empire” of America despite large number of colonies
Nelkin
Issue of personhood: when is a person distinct from an object? Fetus research controversy brought up questions of to what extent society’s needs are prioritized over that of the individual.
Bull
Modern societies are culturally heterogenous, unlike primitive ones. Order in international society relies upon conception of common interests. “national interests” provides no guidance because ends aren’t known. Rules move through several stages before becoming official.
Mearsheimer
Great powers seek to maximize their share of world power because: no higher international body, have militaries, unsure of others’ intentions, seek hegemony because of archaic system
Lightfoot
UN adopts Declaration rights of indigenous peoples, which had immediate symbolic impacts by influencing court decisions. Signified a shift toward collective rights and self-determination for indigenous people.
Center for Constitutional Studies
Discussed the issue of the duty to consult Indigenous Groups in Canada for the Coastal GasLink pipeline project. Emphasizes that, while the duty to consult does not confer veto power to indigenous groups, it necessitates a meaningful process of consultation that considers the impact on potential and recognized Abortional rights. Duty to consult in 2004 Heida nation case.
Ashford
State of New York has gradually taken Onondaga land. U.S. historically dismiss cases by indigenous, part of broader debate about indigenous rights.
Carpenter
Gender constructivist approach: gender ideas are embedded in the idea “innocent civilian” and “especially vulnerable” as well as many ideas of war
Gaventa
Nature of power and mechanisms of power
One-Dimensional Approach (Gaventa)
People act upon grievances, in an open system, for themselves or through leaders
Two dimensional approach (Gaventa)
Inaction reflects suppression of options/alternatives of homo civicus – mobilization of bias
Three dimensional approach
A affects B in a manner contrary to B’s interests
A also exercises power by shaping the wants of B
