Midterm 1 Flashcards
The Public Sphere (Habermas)
A space where rational discussions can take place among citizens in resolving opinions about the current issues of the day
Public Relations
• Involves the communication & exchange of ideas either in response to, or to facilitate change.
• Albert Oecki (1964): PR is a two-way conversation, a dialogue, with the three-fold task:
o Inform
o Adapt
o Integrate
Critical Theory
- Focuses on power
- Highlights unfair practices to change society
- Elucidates structures that limit human potential
Functionalism
• Analyzes how something functions • Emphasizes cause & effect • Views societies as integrated, harmonious, cohesive wholes • Ideal function: o Equilibrium o Consensus o Social Order
Strategic Communications
- Rationally intended purposeful thought to guide actions
- Stratos (army) + agein (to lead)
- Plan or scheme used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end
Propaganda
- Congregation for he propagation of the faith
* To multiply by layers or shoots
Psy- Ops
- Military Information Support Operations (MISO)
- Tactics intended to manipulate opponents or enemies
- Planned operations to convey selected info & indicators to audiences to influence emotions, motives, reasoning, groups, individuals, behavior of governments
Othering
- Identity formation through contradiction
* Subject acting upon an object (functionalism)
Identity
- Internal perception
* Psychological
Image
- Projected or reproduced
* Material
Reputation
- External perception
* Psychological
Systems Theory
- Living, interacting organisms
- Holistic ecosystems
- Complexity & specialization
- Flux homeostasis
Benefits of system theory
- Broad perspective
- Clear rationale
- Order & stability (homeostasis)
- Interactive communication & language key
- Systems are more than sum of their parts
- Relationships influence shapes & attributes, not outcomes
Issues
- Topic of debate, trend, recurring theme that moves from private to public sphere & into media
- Policy, public debate or concern relevant to organization
Issues Management
• Shape & respond to public policy for benefit of organization
• Engage with stakeholders, emerging publics, policy makers
o The point where issues management merges with public affairs
Risk
- Threat or possibility that an action or event will adversely or beneficially affect an organization’s ability to achieve its objectives
- Issue which has the potential to negatively impact an organization’s mission.
Crisis
- An unusual situation that may threaten an organization’s business, reputation, image, relationships, harm its publics
- Threats: External. From the market or surrounding
Risk VS Crisis Management
• Risk management:
o Identifying potential problems
• Crisis management:
o Deals with crisis event itself
“The Risk Society” –Ulrich Beck (1992)
- Risk produced alongside benefits as a consequence of industrialization, modernization, & globalization
- Unwelcome side effects
- Consequence of human action
Panopticon- Michel Foucault
- Adapted from Jeremy Bentham
- Large courtyard with a tower from which inmates in the courtyard cells can be observed
- Inmates can’t see inside always behave as though there was a guard act as their own guard
Activism
• Activist group
o Two or more individuals who organize in order to influence another public or publics through action
o Members are committed and organized to reach goals
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
• Programs meant to redress the balance of any potential negative effects
o To pay a social debt or meet a social contract
• A way to build up “goodwill health” and accrue this against a day when there’s a crisis
Cause-Related Marketing (CRM)
- Clicktivism
* The more of a product or service is sold, the more money goes to a charity
Public Opinion
Source or site of power
