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Midterm 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define low flow system

A

oxygen rates lower than the individual’s inspiratory demands

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2
Q

Define high flow system

A

ventilatory demand is met completely by the flow system

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3
Q

Adv of nasal cannula

A

easily transportable

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4
Q

are oxygen masks for long term or short term therapy

A

short term

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5
Q

how full does the reservoir bag have to be for nonrebreather masks

A

full

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6
Q

What 3 things should be assessed with a nasal cannula

A

Pt’s skin integrity, SpO2 value and pt level of understanding

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7
Q

What device to infants and small children receive their oxygen through

A

oxygen hoods

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8
Q

What are the two types of incentive spirometry

A

Flow oriented and volume oriented

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9
Q

Define flow oriented spirometry

A

chambers with coloured balls that rise and the pt inhales

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10
Q

Define volume oriented spirometry

A

measures volume that the pt inhales

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11
Q

What two assessments should be done prior to giving pt incentive spirometry

A

pain and LOC

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12
Q

Special considerations for geriatric and children using incentive spirometry

A

school aged children plus, gerontological- difficulty coordinating the use of IS and weakened respiratory muscles so takes longer to reach desired volume

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13
Q

How to measure oropharyngeal airway

A

lips to jawline

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14
Q

What mnfts cause the need for oropharyngeal airway

A

upper airway gurgling with breathing, absent cough or gag reflex, oral secretion, drooling, and clenched teeth

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15
Q

What things should be considered when choosing an oxygen devices for a pt?

A

age, developmental level, hospital or home, level of health orientation

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16
Q

Ex of high flow devices

A

venturi mask, large volume nebulizer, and blender masks,

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17
Q

Ex of low flow devices

A

nasal cannula, simple face mask, nonrebreather and partial rebreather

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18
Q

Flow rate range for nasal cannula

A

1-6L/min

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19
Q

Flow rate for oxygen conserving cannula

A

8L/min

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20
Q

Flow rate for simple face mask:

A

6-12L/min

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21
Q

Partial nonrebreather flow rate range

A

10-15L/min

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22
Q

what oxygen device is used for a pt that can’t tolerate a tight fitting mask

A

face tent

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23
Q

Which incentive spirometry is preferred for geriatrics?

A

volume IS

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24
Q

When are oropharyngeal devices inserted into a Pt?

A

when pt is unconscious

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25
What is hypoxemia
decrease in arterial blood oxygen levels
26
Where is aseptic technique utilized in nursing
operating room, labor and delivery, major Dx areas
27
Principle 1 of sterile asepsis
1. all items in a sterile field must be sterile
28
Principle 2 of sterile asepsis
2. a sterile barrier that has been permeated by tears, punctures or moisture must be considered contaminated
29
Principle 3 of sterile asepsis
1 inch border around the edges is considered unsterile
30
Principle 4 of sterile asepsis
Only sterile at table level
31
Principle 5 of sterile asepsis
in any questions about sterility it is unsterile
32
Principle 6 of sterile asepsis
sterile items only contact sterile things
33
Principle 7 of sterile asepsis
movement in a sterile field must not compromise sterility
34
Principle 8 of sterile asepsis
a sterile object below waist is considered unsterile
35
Principle 9 of sterile asepsis
a sterile object is contaminated by prolonged exposure
36
List the sterile equipment in order for putting it on
gown, cap, mask, eyewear, gloves
37
List the sterile equipment in order for taking it off
gloves, eyewear, gown, mask, cap
38
What do you need to watch for with sterile gloves?
latex allergy
39
Do you glove dominant or non dominant hand first
dominant
40
When collecting a catheter specimen how long do you clamp before collecting
15min
41
How many mL need to be withdrawn for a culture collection from catheter
3mL
42
How many mL need to be withdrawn from catheter for routine analysis?
20mL
43
For a urinalysis, transfer urine from __ container to __ container for culture
clean to sterile
44
What is a nose and throat specimen collection used for?
Dx when signs and symptoms of an upper respiratory infection
45
Where do you swab for a throat specimen collection?
tonsil area careful not to touch other parts of the mouth
46
When collecting a nasal swab, where are you swabbing
inflamed area rotate swab quickly
47
Define asepsis
process for keeping away disease-producing microorganisms
48
What is medical asepsis
technique to reduce or prevent the spread of microorganisms
49
Define surgical asepsis
process to eliminate all microorganisms including spores from an object
50
What to not do when getting a needle stick injury
squeeze the wound, apply disinfectant
51
What is SESIP
sharps with engineered sharp injury prevention
52
what is the most ideal size for needle selection
want smallest gauge and shortest needle possible
53
What position of limb is most comfortable for injection
flexed
54
What site is best for IM injection
ventrogluteal
55
How long to wait before removing IM injection from limb
10 sec
56
___ injection sites to prevent abscess from forming
rotate
57
Define a luer-lock syringe
needle twists onto syringe and lock to prevent accidental removal of needle
58
Define a non-luer lock syringe
needles slip onto the top of the syringe
59
What size range do syringes come in
0.5mL-60mL
60
What size syringes are used for SC and IM injections
1-3mL
61
size of syringe is determined based on
dos of med, viscosity, gender and size of patient
62
3 parts to a needle
hub, shaft, bevel
63
What size needle is used for IM
1-1.5 inch
64
What size needle is used for SC inj
3/8 to 5/8 inch
65
What needle is used to draw up meds from ampules
filter tip needle
66
vials can be multi-use but __ pt
single
67
for dry vial, add __ to the vial
dissolvent
68
Do you expel air bubbles into ampule
no
69
where to dispose of extra fluid in syringe?
sink
70
What to write on label of multi-use vial
date, concentration of med and initials
71
What is intradermal inj used for
skin testing, potent meds to slow absorption
72
Risk of injecting a med too fasr
anaphylactic reaction
73
How much can you inject intradermally
0.01 to 0.1mL
74
What forms if intradermal inj went into the dermis
bleb
75
How far do you advance the needle for intradermal inj
3mm
76
How much med can be inj SC
0.5-1.5mL
77
How much med can be injected SC in pediatrics
0.5mL
78
What 4 locations are best for SC
abdomen, upper arms, anterior thigh, butt
79
What size needle is used for SC inj.
25 gauge, 16 or 12mm
80
If less than __ inches of skin pinch, inj at 45 degree angle
2
81
How much med can be injected IM into adult? child? infant?
2-5mL, 1mL, 0.5mL
82
What method is used for IM injection
Z track method
83
Why is ventrogluteal the best IM location
away from nerves and blood vessels
84
What 4 complications are associated with all sites for IM except ventrogluteal
fibrosis, nerve damage, abscess and tissue necrosis
85
Vastus lateralis is preferred site of what IM injections?
biologics in infants, toddlers and children
86
How much med can be inj IM in deltoid
2mL or less
87
When is deltoid used for IM inj
small doses, routine vaccinations toddler plus, when other sites are inaccessible
88
What are 5 adv to IV and vascular access therapy
parenteral nutrition, transfuse blood, hemodynamic monitoring, Dx testing, admin fluids/meds
89
What two types of meds are injected SC
one time infusion or IV push administration
90
What 5 clinical factors are assessed before IV therapy
body weight, vascular volume, interstitial volume, thirst, LOC
91
What is included when assessing vascular volume?
urine output, vitals, auscultation of lungs and distended neck veins
92
What makes up interstitial volume
skin turgor, dependent edema, oral mucous membrane
93
Grade 1 phlebitis symptoms
erythema at access site with or without pain
94
Grade 2 phlebitis
pain at access site, erythema or edema
95
Grade 3 phlebitis
pain at access site, erythema, streak forming

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