Midterm 1 multiple choice Flashcards
(70 cards)
1
Q
Slavery’s extention to territories
A
originally through the missouri compromise there was a balance of free and slave states, but unorganized terrories left problems
2
Q
Fugitive slave act
A
- part of the compromise of 1850, was the act that required slaved who fled to free states be returned to the south
- slave catchers were moved to free states, northern unrest
3
Q
Stephen douglas
A
Northern democrate nomonie for the election of 1860
4
Q
Uncle toms cabin
A
- written by harriet beecher stowe, was one of the first books truley outling the horros of being a slave, was sold in mass over the US, created outrage with many northerners, as well as bringing awareness
5
Q
Caning of charles sumner
A
- In 1856, pro-slavery democrate preston brooks attacked charles summer (abolisonist democrate) beating him with a cane
6
Q
Panic of 1857
A
- Financial panic over declining economy
- Insurance and trust companys being embezzeled
- “run on the bank”
7
Q
Dres Scott decision
A
- stated that slaves who lived in free states did not give freedom
- Supreme court states that African Americans can not become citizens
8
Q
Lincoln-Douglas debates
A
- Debates between Lincoln and democrat douglas
- Generated huge publicity for lincoln, putting him in good standing
9
Q
John Browns raid
A
- Effort by john brown to free and arm slaves
- Failure but helped accelerate crisis, making the south fear that more would do the same
10
Q
Fort Sumter
A
- Act of the union trying to simply give more supplies to the fort, having ships fired at
- Confederates were asked to stop, out of human dignity
- Confederate fire on fort sumpter
- War start!
11
Q
Southern Secession
A
- Seven deep south slave states secess
- slavery was the main cause
- At the Montgomery convention the seven seceding states created the Confederate Constitution
12
Q
Jefferson Davis
A
- Former president of the Confederate states
13
Q
Confederate Advantages/Disadvantages
A
- Advantages: Fighing on familiar train, had a propaganda advantage: claiming invasion
- Disadvantages: lack of liquid resources, shortage of disposable wealth, powerful centrlized government needing to fight the war
14
Q
Union Advantages/Disadvantages
A
- Advantages: larger population, greater industrial capacity, greater financial resources
- Disadvantages: Fighting an offense war in enemy territory
15
Q
King Cotton Diplomacy
A
- stratagey used by the confederacy to try and get great britian and france to support them during the war by restricting cotton trade
- ended up hurting them more
16
Q
Battle of Bull Run/Manassas
A
- First battle of the civil war
- Confederate victory
- Both side had untrained troops
- 1k killed
17
Q
Robert E. Lee
A
- Confederate general, lead the condereracys most powerful army
- skilled tactician
18
Q
Ulysses S. Grant
A
- Union officer
- Lead them to victory
- Lead the vicksburg campaign and gained control of the mississippi river, which got him promotes
19
Q
Shiloh
A
- Union defeated the confederates
- Won by Grant
- Took place between a curch named shiloh and pittsburg landing (near the tennesse river)
- One of the bloodiest battles (24k?)
20
Q
New Military Technology
A
- Progression in guns
21
Q
Antietam
A
- Bloodiest battle in the war
- 23,000 dead
- Failed foregin recognition for the south
- maryland sucession hopes dashed
- blow to the peace democrates / copperheads
22
Q
Civil War Death Toll
A
750,000 dead
23
Q
54th Massachusetts Regiment
A
- African American infranty regiment that served the union
24
Q
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
A
- Speech given to soldiers
- Adressed gettysburg and the loss, helped to radify soldiers under lincoln
25
New York Draft Riots
- anger at the draft and how richer people could pay out of it, turned into a race riot
26
Greenbacks
- Emergency paper money issued during the war
27
Vicksburg and Gettysburg
- vicksburg was grants early campaign, was seiged in 1863
-Gettsburg was the two armys converging, at first the confederates were winning, and then a union victory (one of the bloodiest battles)
28
Appomattox Court House
- led to Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender of his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.
29
1864 Presidential Election
- political devisions”
Northern democrates nominate douglas
Southern democrates nominate Breckinridge
Republical nomination of Lincon
Union party nominates bell
30
Freedman’s Bureau
- provided food, shelter, clothing, medical services, and land to displaced Southerners, including newly freed African Americans.
31
Lincoln’s 10 percent plan
- allow Confederate states to establish new state governments after 10 percent of their male population took loyalty oaths
32
Civil Rights Bill of 1866
- Anyone born within the US are citizens (except native americans)
33
Radical Republicans
- Wanted complete and perminate eradication of slavery
34
13th Amendment
- Abolished slavery
35
14th Amendment
- Not allowing states to make laws that should hurt the privilges of citizens
36
15th Amendment
- Allowed African American men to vote
37
Tenure of Office Act
- restricted the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of the U.S. Senate
38
Radical Reconstruction
- Reconstruction act of 1867
- Military districs
- Ratification of the 14th amendment
39
The Grant Scandals
- whiskey ring, evaded taxes
- grant interfered against investigations
40
Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
- Carpetbagger are northerners in the south
- Scalawags are southerners who cooperate with republican governments
41
Depression of 1873
- Financial crisis
- American Inflation
- Speculation Investments (railroads)
42
Land Redistribution
- Idea that southern land would be taken and redistributes to ex slaves
43
Sharecroppers
- Where a tenet is allowed by the landowner to use the land as long as the landowner is given crops in return
44
Ku Klux Klan
- White supremisist
- Founded in 1865
45
Redeemers
- Southern wing of the democratic party
46
Andrew Carnegie
- Empire Builder
- Steel Industry
- Use of technology, organization, and talent
- “Gospel of Wealth”
47
John Rockefeller
- Empire builder
- Took over standard oil
- Horizontal Integration (growing at the same level as industry)
- Pools, trust and holding companys
- Resulted in the Sherman Antitrust Act
- Corrupt
48
Jay Gould
- Speculator
- Land speculation, during the civil war as a well as railroad speculation
49
J.P. Morgan
- Was a Financier
- Managed stocks and bonds
- Reorganized bankrupt companies
- Mergers
50
Railroad Industry
- Utilized new types of power and materials
- Fueled other key industries
- Government support and Private Investment
- Excessive competition and minimal regulation
51
Samuel Gompers
- Founded the American Federation of Labor
52
Thomas Edison
- Created the lighbulb
- Started a wave of inventions
53
Dawes
- American banker and polititan
- 30th vice president of the united states
54
Battle of Little Big Horn
- Us army forced vs Native American tribes
- Us forces losts
55
Ghost Dance
- Ceremony involving native american religion, supposed to bring peace, prosperity, and unity
- Ending colonial expansion
56
Sherman Antitrust Act
- Allowed free competition among those who engage in commerce
57
Interstate Commerce Commission
- regulatory agency created under the commerce act of 1887
- requlated railroads, ensured fair rates
58
American Federation of Labor
- Largest union group
- wanted safe working conditions, equal pay, and saftey
59
Haymarket Square Bombing
- May day call for action
- May 3rd - police and workers violent clash
- May 4th- Haymarketsquare bombing
- Showed that rallys and unions can bring change
60
Gilded Age
- Rapid economic growth
- Demand for skilled workers grew
- Industrialization demand grew
- Inbetween the Reconstruction era and the Progessive era
61
Alexander Graham Bell
- Created the first practical telephone
62
Transatlantic Cable/Telephone
- Had a huge impact on politics, press, and buisness
- No more waiting on news or major events
63
Brand Names
- Created brand loyalty
- Mass marketing helped improve sales
64
Department/Chain Stores
- Was the first type of store to have everything all in one place, and to have multiple stores under the same brand in different places
- Was created to be an experience
- Hurt “mom and pop” type stores
65
Mail Order Catalogs
- Allowed people who lived in rural areas to also fall into the wonders of capitalism
66
Skyscrapers
- Allowed people to capitilze more on smaller plots of land
- Helped to improve the huge population increase
67
Jacob Riis
- Journalist
- Helped the impoverish New Yorkers with writings and photographs
68
Tenements
- Massive overcrowed housing for workers
- Located near factories, huge health risk, huge amounts of crime
69
New Immigrants
- Immigrants from southern and eastern Erope and beyond
- Adjustments, strains to new life in America
- Immigrant support groups and associations
70
Boss William Tweed
- Political bosss of Tammany Hall
- Extreme corruption in the New York Government
- Corruption within votes
