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Oral Communication > MidTerm > Flashcards

MidTerm Flashcards

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1
Q

Latin root word of communication and its meaning

A

communicare = “to share” or “to make common”

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2
Q

What is Communication?

A

the process by which people share ideas, experience, knowledge and feelings through the transmission of symbolic messages

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3
Q

Pre-Historic communication can be seen where?

A

Pictographs

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4
Q

Evolution of Communication

A

Pre-Historic - Movable Type - Mass Publication - E-mail - Social Media

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5
Q

Nature of Communication

A

> Communication is a Process
Communication Occurs Between 2 or More People
Communication is Both Spoken and Written

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6
Q

What does the nature: Communication is a Process, mean?

A

the actions taken to communicate

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7
Q

Elements of Communication

A 
Sender
Message
Encoding
Channel
Decoding
Feedback

(addtl: Context & Barriers)

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8
Q

The Different Versions of Models of Communication

A 
Aristotle's
Harold Dwight Laswell's
Shannon-Weaver
Schramm's
David Berlo's
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9
Q

what type of model of communication was Aristotle’s?

A

speaker-centered; one-way

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10
Q

What are the roles in Aristotle’s model of communication

A

Source or Speaker (active)

Audience (passive-influenced)

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11
Q

a political scientist & communication theorist

A

Harold Dwight Laswell

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12
Q

Greek Philosopher and writer in Stagira, Northern Greece

A

Aristotle

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13
Q

What is occasion in a model of communication?

A

the context of the message (is it a party ganern?)

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14
Q

What was added in Harold Dwight Laswell’s model?

A

channel

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15
Q

a mathematician and electronic engineer and an American scientist

A

Claude Elwood Shannon

Warren Weaver

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16
Q

What was added in Shannon-Weaver’s model?

A

noise

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17
Q

Parts of Shannon-Weaver’s model and its descriptions?

A

transmitter - device used, encoder of message into signals

channel - signals adapted for transmission

receiver - decoder of message from the signal

technical problem - how a channel causes a problem

semantic problem - meaning of message sent and received is diff.

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18
Q

Father of Mass Communication

A

Wilbur Schramm

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19
Q

whose communication model do we use today?

A

Wilbur Schramm

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20
Q

In Wilbur Schramm, how was the communication?

A

it was not linear, it was bilateral

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21
Q

What was added in Wilbur Schramm’s model?

A

feedback, field of experience

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22
Q

What is emphasized in Schramm’s model?

A

process of encoding and decoding

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23
Q

How can messages be complicated?

A

different meaning - denotative, connotative

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24
Q

A student of Schramm

A

David Berlo

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25
Name of Berlo's Model
SMCR (Source, Message, Channel, Receiver)
26
Why was Berlo's Model criticized?
linear model - there was no feedback and the effect on the speaker was not mentioned both of the people must have similar everything
27
Functions of Communication
``` Control Motivation Social Interaction Emotional Expression Information Dissemination ```
28
what does Control function mean?
control behavior; power to regulate, direct, or dominate
29
what does Motivation function mean?
encouraging people to live better
30
what does Social Interaction function mean?
interaction = make uncommon things common; have a connection
31
what does Emotional Expression function mean?
sharing feelings
32
The 7 Facial Expressions
``` Happy Surprise Contempt Sadness Anger Disgust Fear ```
33
what does Information Dissemination function mean?
conveying information
34
how to give correct information?
``` always tell the truth be specific be brief and to the point avoid using jargons be precise ```
35
human communication through spoken language
Speech
36
Speech is sharing through?
audible or visual codes
37
the situation or environment and circumstances where the speech took place
Intrapersonal | Interpersonal
38
Types of Intrapersonal Speech Context
thinking vocal written
39
Types of Interpersonal Speech Context
dyadic - 2 people small group - 3 to 12 people public - group of people mass communication - aid of mass media technology
40
the form of language used characterized by the degree of formality
Speech Styles
41
Who created the Five Clocks?
Martin Joos
42
What are the Five Clocks determined by?
context and degree of familiarity or intimacy
43
The Five Clocks
``` Intimate Casual Consultative Formal Frozen ```
44
What does casual communication use?
use of jargon, slang, or the vernacular language
45
standard or professionally acceptable language
Consultative
46
one-way in formal settings
Formal
47
What is the definition of Speech Acts?
utterances defined in terms of a speaker's intention and the effect it has and the action that would be done by the listener
48
What are Speech Acts?
Locutionary Act Illocutionary Act Perlocutionary Act
49
what is a Locutionary Act?
utterance; actual act of uttering
50
what is an Illocutionary Act?
speaker's intention with those utterances; social function of what was said
51
Types of Illocutionary Act
``` Assertive Directive Commissive Expressive Declaration ```
52
Illocutionary Act that expresses belief about the truth of a proposition
Assertive
53
Illocutionary Act where the speaker tries to make the addressee to perform an action
Directive
54
Illocutionary Act that commits speaker to doing something in the future
Commissive
55
Illocutionary Act where the speaker express his/her feelings or emotional reactions
Expressive
56
Illocutionary Act that bring a change to the external situation
Declaration
57
what is a Perlocutionary Act?
resulting actions from the speaker's locution
58
what are Communicative Strategies according to Pena and Anudin (2016)?
attempts by the participants in a communication activity to express his/her idea that minimizes breakdown in communication
59
According to _____, Communicative Strategies are attempts by the participants in a communication activity to express his/her idea that minimizes breakdown in communication
Pena and Anudin (2016)
60
What do Communicative Strategies prevent?
miscommunication
61
form of smooth interaction from the speaker and listeners
Topic Management
62
Topic Managements
``` Nomination Restriction Turn-taking Topic Control Topic Shifting Repair Termination ```
63
What does Nomination Management mean?
start a topic is known by both speaker and listener
64
What does Restriction Management mean?
keep the topic manageable and specific
65
What does Turn-taking Management mean?
changing from speaker to listener as communication continues
66
What does Topic Control Management mean?
focus must be on the sole topic; limit jumping into another idea
67
What does Topic Shifting Management mean?
- introducing a new topic from the previous one
68
What does Repair Management mean?
clarification; rephrasing; reiterate
69
What does Termination Management mean?
ending the conversation in a proper manner

Oral Communication (1 decks)

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