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Sensory and eval midterm > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

definition of sensory evaluation

A

To evoke, measure, analyze and interpret reactions by sense, smell, taste, touch, hear

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2
Q

Can people detect flavours lower than instruments

A

Yes

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3
Q

Challenges of human as instruments are

A

prone to bais

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4
Q

what 4 groups of sensory panels can there be

A
  • Highly trained expert panel (1-5)
    • Trained laboratory panel (10-20)
    • Laboratory acceptance panel (25-50)
    • Consumer panel (100+)
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5
Q

What is Stimulus

A

the stimulus is any activator (chemical or physical) that causes a response in a receptor

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6
Q

what are Receptors

A

Receptors are the stimuli detecting cells of the sense organs (nose, ear, eye)

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7
Q

What is sensation

A

A sensation is the detection of a stimulus from the environment

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8
Q

Perception

A

Perception is the interpretation of sensation

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9
Q

Does it work to mask colours

A

Usually not

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10
Q

define Trigeminal Sense

A

Trigeminal Sense is not part of ‘taste’ or ‘smell’

eg/carbonation

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11
Q

What are the four main types of taste (what are 5/6)

A

Bitter, sour, sweet, salty ( umami than fat)

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12
Q

What is Retronasal stimulation

A

a portion of the volatiles from the mouth passes into the nose

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13
Q

What is Orthonasal stimulation

A

odorants travel inward from the nostrils during a sniff

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14
Q

What is the order of sensory

A

Stimulus - Sensation - Perception - Response

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15
Q

Clarity is the

A

absence or presents of particles

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16
Q

Light incident on an object may be

A
  • Absorbed
  • Reflected
  • Transmitted
  • Refracted
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17
Q

Flavour =

A

Taste + Aroma + Mouthfeel

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18
Q

Mouthfeel =

A

Chemical or physical sensations

in the mouth, nose, or throat ( not a taste!)

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19
Q

1 EBC unit =

A

69 ASBC units

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20
Q

degree of effervescents for beer/cider

A

2.0 - 3.0
0.36 – 0.54
Medium

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21
Q

Fatigue

A

result of previous exposure to the same stimulus of higher intensity

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22
Q

Cross-adaptation

A

caused by previous exposure to a

different (but similar) substance

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23
Q

Cross-potentiation

A

caused by previous

exposure to a substance of opposite flavour

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24
Q

Enhancement, Suppression and Synergy

A

Involves the interaction of stimuli presented simultaneously as mixtures

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25
Enhancement
one substance increasing the perceived intensity of another substance presented simultaneously
26
Mixture suppression
the effect of one substance decreasing the perceived intensity of a mixture of two or more substances
27
compound suppression
the effect of one substance decreasing the perceived intensity of another substance presented simultaneously
28
Synergy
The effect of one substance increasing the perceived combined intensity of two or more substances
29
Stimulus error
Caused by irrelevant criteria influencing the observer and suggesting difference (container shape)
30
Logical error
Occurs when two or more sample characteristics are associated in the mind of a panelist ( dark beer means more full body
31
Capriciousness
use of the extremes of any | scale (exerting more influence on results)
32
Timidity
sticking to the central part of the scale (minimizing differences between samples)
33
What are the four types of Data
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio
34
Nominal data
do not obey any quantitative relationship or any order (e.g. different types of fruits, Discrimination tests)
35
Ordinal data
have categories that represent increasing or decreasing magnitude of a specified attribute ( Relative distance between the categories is not always equal-
36
Interval data
have categories that are equally spaced and have true numerical value (ranking and rating scales - separated by a constant interval - Descriptive- does not have a true 0( 0degree C is not the absence of temperature))
37
Ratio data
have categories that are equally spaced, have numerical value and a true zero (Descriptive)
38
Classification
Classification – Items sorted into groups which differ in a nominal manner
39
Grading
Grading – Methods used in commerce which depend on expert graders
40
Ranking
Ranking – Items arranged in order of intensity of a specific attribute
41
Scaling
Scaling – Items arranged in order by a reference to a scale of numbers
42
Normal Distribution
Normal Distribution - mean, median and mode coincide (bell-shaped symmetrical curve)
43
Non-normal Distribution
Non-normal Distribution - mean, median and mode do not coincide (asymmetrical curve)
44
Descriptive statistics
Descriptive statistics summarizes the data
45
Inferential statistics
Inferential statistics draws conclusions about the population based on a sample
46
Measures of central tendency
mean, median and mode
47
Measures of dispersion include
variance, standard deviation and standard error
48
Type 1 error
Type I error - risk of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
49
Type 2 error
Type II error - risk of not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is not true
50
α risk
α risk - probability of concluding that a difference exists when it does not
51
β risk
β risk - probability of concluding that no difference exists when one does
52
pd
pd – population of distinguishers
53
The objective to of difference tests
The objective to of difference tests is to discover if a perceptible difference exists between 2 sample
54
The objective to of similarity tests
The objective to of similarity tests is to discover if 2 samples are sufficiently similar
55
How many ways Can a triangle test be presented?
6 ways
56
triangle test objective
The objective of triangle tests is to determine if there is a detectable difference between two sample
57
duo trio rate of guessing
50%
58
triangle test rate of guessing
33%
59
two out of five rate of guessing
10%
60
Directional Difference tests
Directional Difference tests are used to determine in which way two samples differ in a particular characteristic
61
Simple Ranking test is
Simple Ranking Test is an extension of a paired comparison test (The data are ordinal)
62
Results are evaluated by the following two-step procedure
Friedman’s test statistic T used to test whether significant difference exists among the samples (as a set) Fishers least significant difference formula calculates a value that is compared to the difference between rank sums

Sensory and eval midterm (1 decks)

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