Midterm

Question 1

About what percent of arson fires are set by individuals under 18?

Answer 1

Fifty percent

Question 2

Merton’s strain theory would have the most trouble explaining which crime?

Answer 2

Assault

Question 3

Deviance is simply any act that violates what?

Answer 3

Society’s norm

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a crime against persons?

Answer 4

arson

Question 5

Crime is a straightforward, easy topic to research and study.

Answer 5

false

Question 6

Crime is a straightforward, easy topic to research and study.

Answer 6

false

Question 7

Statistics on arson are limited in the sense that only fires classified as arson are reported to agencies like the FBI.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Who are individuals who let burglars know about attractive targets?

Answer 8

Tipsters

Question 9

In Merton’s strain theory, which category involves individuals accepting the societal goal by using new ways of reaching that goal?

Answer 9

Innovation

Question 10

The FBI collects which crime statistics?

Answer 10

Uniform Crime reports

Question 11

Researchers have ruled out pollution as a potential cause of crime.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Which theory says that people have differing amounts of access to illegitimate means of reaching society’s goals?

Answer 12

Differential opportunity theory

Question 13

When a group is experiencing a lot of upheaval or social change for some reason, crime may increase, according to social disorganization theory.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Homicide is the most frequent crime.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Social sickness is also called what?

Answer 15

Social Pathology

Question 16

Projects like the Human Genome Project may help us better understand why people commit crimes.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Most items taken through larceny are taken from where?

Answer 17

Cars

Question 18

If there is no what, there is no crime?

Answer 18

Law

Question 19

Property crimes have been declining since the early 1970s.

Answer 19

true

Question 20

A criminologist is an individual who studies crime and criminals.

Answer 20

true

Question 21

Human actions that violate the formalized laws of a country are known as what?

Answer 21

Crimes

Question 22

The NCVS generally reveals more crime than the UCR.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Harold G. Grasmick suggested that people with low self-control are drawn to risk-taking behaviors that are exciting and dangerous.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What is one possible problem with the statistics in the NCVS?

Answer 24

People may not accurately report the crime that they have experienced.

Question 25

In about what percent of home robberies does the victim know the offender?

Answer 25

forty percent

Question 26

Mens rea literally means what?

Answer 26

Guilty mind

Question 27

The substantial-capacity test states that an individual should have the mental capacity to understand that an act is wrong or conform his or her behavior to the law.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Research indicates that most robberies involve little planning on the part of offenders.

Answer 28

true

Question 29

What are formal norms called?

Answer 29

Laws

Question 30

Insanity pleas do not happen as often in real life as on television.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Some studies have found that about two-thirds of all individuals have shoplifted at some point in their life.

Answer 31

true

Question 32

Radical criminology theories argue that crime, like most human behavior, is learned through watching other people and interacting with them.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Mens rea is the actual act that the person is accused of.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Criminologists do not believe that biology has any effect on crime.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

With the adaptation of rebellion, people reject both the goal and the means of reaching the goal, but replace them with different goals and means of reaching them.

Answer 35

true

Question 36

Crime and deviance refer to the same actions and behaviors.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

The Uniform Crime Reports involve giving a survey to individuals to see if they have been victimized within a given time period.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Experiments are most common in which discipline?

Answer 38

Psychology

Question 39

Which of the following is someone who collects and examines evidence in actual crimes?

Answer 39

Criminalist

Question 40

Who proposed 30 different suggestions for why crime remained high in some areas even when there was high population turn-over?

Answer 40

Rodney Stark

Question 41

Cloward and Ohlin argued that some people have greater access to illegal opportunities than other people.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Experiments are very common in criminology, but not in psychology.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

Experiments are very common in criminology, but not in psychology.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

Which theory argues that crime is due to social conflict, social change, and a lack of consensus in the group?

Answer 44

Social disorganization theory

Question 45

Bandura argued that once a person had learned aggressive behavior, something had to trigger it.

Answer 45

true

Question 46

One study in 2004 found that only two states in the United States had laws and regulations, which affected the reintegration of former offenders to society.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

In official statistics, crime is which of the following?

Answer 47

Under-reported

Question 48

What are norms that have an underlying shared assumption of approval or disapproval?

Answer 48

Mores

Question 49

Mass murders are homicides that involve the murder of several individuals in at least three separate events.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Which theory reflects the idea that it is the type of place that makes a difference in crime, more than the kinds of people that live in a certain place?

Answer 50

Theory of deviant places

Question 51

Merton argued that anomie occurs when society emphasizes a goal but the accepted means to achieve that goal are inadequate.

Answer 51

true

Question 52

One of the most common research methods in criminology is which of the following?

Answer 52

Surveys

Question 53

Crime statistics are incredibly accurate.

Answer 53

False

Question 54

Most criminologists and criminalists think that profiling does not produce any usable information.

Answer 54

False

Question 55

For criminologists, social structure includes only the physical features and landscape of a place.

Answer 55

False

Question 56

What are external forces that influence our actions and lives?

Answer 56

Social conditions

Question 56

Shoplifting accounts for more business loss than employee theft.

Answer 56

False

Question 57

Crime statistics indicate that arson is the most frequent property crime.

Answer 57

False

Question 58

The hormone testosterone has been linked to aggression.

Answer 58

True

Question 59

Who argued that deviance has benefits for society?

Answer 59

Emile Durkheim

Question 60

Criminologists don’t believe that the social environment has any effect on crime.

Answer 60

False

Question 61

Youths between the ages of 13 and 18 who set fires often have a history of setting fires.

Answer 61

True

Question 62

Secondary deviance is continued deviance.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

Differential opportunity theory argues that we all have the same opportunity to commit crimes, indicating that it is something about the person which determines who becomes a criminal and who does not.

Answer 63

False

Question 64

What is the scientific study of crime called?

Answer 64

Criminology

Question 65

Anomie means what?

Answer 65

Normlessness

Question 65

Which theory examines how geographical location and features in that location affect crime?

Answer 65

Environmental criminology

Question 66

What is deviant in one place or in one time period may not be deviant in other places or in other time periods.

Answer 66

True

Question 67

Females are more likely to be the perpetrator of homicide than males.

Answer 67

False

Question 68

If you commit a crime under duress, what does this mean?

Answer 68

You were forced to commit the crime.

Question 69

Phrenology suggested that by seeing or feeling a person’s skull, we could have insight into their personality and which characteristics were over or under developed.

Answer 69

True

Question 70

Constitutional theories are those that explain crime as related to psychological attributes.

Answer 70

False