Midterm Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the aging-out phenomena?
contend that the inclination to commit crimes peaks in middle or late teens and declines throughout life
What are some characteristics involved with crime?
Age, Gender, Social Class, Ethnicity
Methods of collecting data
surveys
experiments
already available data/previous research
What is the Crown and their responsibility?
The prosecution; is responsible for the presentation of the evidence to the judge
What is the polices’ responsibility in the court of law?
responsible for gathering evidence for the Crown; police lay the charge, Crown presents charges to judge
Players of Court include
Defence
Jury
Judge
& other minor players
Defences responsibility in the court system;
acts as counsel on behalf of the accused, the defence lawyer refutes the evidence presented to the Crown
How many people are in a jury and what is their role?
12 members
impartial observers; no connection to case or system
T/F All trials have juries.
False. Some trials only involve a judge; juries are selected for serious offences.
T/F All accused have the right to the presumption of innocence.
True, although it’s not always that way
Levels of Court
- Superior Court
- Appeals Court
- Supreme Court
Which of the following is the definition of reasonable/probable grounds?
a) Both accused and prosecutor have the right to appeal
b) A set of factors and circumstances that would lead an ordinary, cautious and prudent person to have a strong belief beyond mere suspicion.
c) Temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial; may be released on strict conditions
d) To be tried within a reasonable time
b) A set of factors and circumstances that would lead an ordinary, cautious and prudent person to have a strong belief beyond mere suspicion
What is a surety?
A person who will “stand up” for accused in relations to bail
usually cash deposit required
What is bail?
temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on conditions that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee appearance in court
What is Section 11? Any person charged with an offence has the right:
(a) to be informed without unreasonable delay of specific offence (to know allegation at time of arrest)
(b) to be tried within reasonable time
(c) not to be compelled to be a witness in proceedings against that person
(d) to be presumed innocent until proven guilty… in a fair and public hearing
(e) not to be denied bail without just cause
Other importants points of Section 11 include;
(g) protection against ‘retroactive offences’
(h) protection against ‘double jeopardy’
(i) the person has the right to be punished for the lesser sentence, if it has changed
What is Section 12?
The right not to be subjected to any cruel and unusual punishment
What is a victim?
an individual who has suffered physical/emotional harm, property damage or economic loss
What are victims rights?
Everyone victim has the right, on request to information about
(a) criminal justice system
(b) services and programs available to them
(c) their right to file a complaint for an infringement or denial of any of their rights
What is parole?
a) The release on terms that they will return to court for trial
b) The release out of prison after 2/3 of sentence
c) The release out of prison after showing good behaviour
d) The release without charge on promise to be good
b) The release out of prison after 2/3 of sentence
How many levels of assault are there? What are they?
3 levels.
- common assault, no visible injuries
- injury beyond transient and trifling (weapons)
- Injury that wounds, maims, disfigures or endangers life of person
T/F Fraud is an example of a property crime
False. White collar crime
T/F All crimes are reported to police.
False.
Researchers agree on the importance of age in reference to crime? T/F
True. younger=risk
