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Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Vision for the Future of OT?

A

To maximize health, well-being, & QoL for all people, populations, and communities through effective solutions.

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2
Q

What services does the Community-Based Practice provide?

A
  • Acute & chronic medical care.
  • Direct & indirect service provision.
  • Habilitation & rehabilitation.
  • Prevention & health promotion.
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3
Q

What are the means of Community-level interventions?

A

Modify the sociocultural, political, economic, & environmental context of the community to Achieve Health Goals.

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4
Q

Community-Centered Initiatives:

A

Generated by leaders & members of a community to utilize community resources. Client is Entire Community.

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5
Q

How can an OT Advocate for Community Health?

A

Identify needs of community for optimal functioning & advocate for services to meet those needs.

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6
Q

How would an OT act as a Consultant?

A

Identify and analyze issues, develop strategies to address issues & prevent future issues from developing.

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7
Q

How would an OT act as a Case Manager?

A

Advise the consumer; Coordinate services; Evaluate financial resources; & Advocate for services.

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8
Q

How would an OT act as an Entrepeneur?

A

Organize business endeavors, manage its operations, and assumes risk associated.

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9
Q

How would an OT act as a Supervisor?

A

Manage activities of team, schedule, delegate, recruit, train, & performance appraisals.

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10
Q

How would an OT act as a Program Manager?

A
  • Budgeting and Staffing
  • Design & Development
  • Function & Evaluation of program
  • Supervision
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11
Q

Moral Treatment:

A

18th & 19th century. Movement instituted by Philippe Pine resulted in a more humane treatment of the mental.

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12
Q

Paradigm of Occupation:

A

1900-1940

Focus is on occupation & its potential for therapeutic use in both life & health.

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13
Q

Mechanistic Paradigm:

A

1960s
• Focus is on the Inner Mechanism of disease & disability.
• More aligned with the medical model–Lack of occupation.

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14
Q

Emerging Paradigm:

A

1980–1990
• Synthesis of Mechanistic & Contemporary Knowledge of occupation from many disciplines.
•Dynamic interaction–PEO.

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15
Q

Community Practice Paradigms:

A

• Based on the Dynamic Systems Theroy

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16
Q

Community Model Paradigm:

A

Community member is…
• Responsible…
•Autonomous…
• Clinician answers to consumer–Collaborative.

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17
Q

Define Public Health…

A

Art & Science of preventing disease, prolonging life, & promoting health through society.

18
Q

Explain Health Education…

A

Learning experiences increasing knowledge or influencing their attitudes, improving health.

19
Q

Explain Health Promotion…

A

Educational, Environmental, Organizational, Political, or Regulatory means of supporting actions & conditions contributing to the health of individuals, groups, & communities.

20
Q

Explain Community Health…

A

Physical, Emotional, Social, & Spiritual well-being of a group defined by either proximity or shared characteristics.

21
Q

What are the Levels of Prevention?

A
  • Primary: Preventative.
  • Secondary: Prevents secondary complications.
  • Tertiary: Contain damage once disease/disability has progressed beyond early stages (contain the turd).
22
Q

What are the Levels of Occupation-Based Intervention?

A
  • Individual: Personal wellness goals addressed through direct interaction.
  • Group: Small groups with same disability/characteristics with shared goals.
  • Organizational: Broad groups, individual goals may differ but organizational goal is shared.
  • Community: Address broad issues impacting large population with common characteristics.
  • Governmental Policy: Laws, Policies, & Procedures impacting health of all covered by policy.
23
Q

Reciprocal Determinism:

A

Bandura’s idea of reciprocal interaction between us & environment.

24
Q

Social Cognitive Theory… Determinants & Strategies:

A 
Key Aspects Determining Health Behaviors Include…
• Facilitators & Barriers.
• Knowledge of health risks & benefits.
• Self-determined goals.
• Self-efficacy.
• Outcome expectations.

Strategies:
•Modeling.
• Reinforcement.
• Self-monitoring.

25
Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change
* Pre-contemplation: Unaware of need for change with no intention of changing. * Contemplation: Aware of problem–no action. * Preparation: Planning & identifying methods & materials needed for change. * Action: Taking steps. * Maintenance: Making long-term investment in sustaining change. * Relapse/recycling: Typical–restarting cycle to re-create change.
26
Precede–Proceed Planning Model: Precede
Precede: Predisposing, reinforcing, enabling factors. * Phase 1–Social Assessment: Health problems impact on community's QoL. * Phase 2–Epidemiological, Behavioral, Environment Assessment: Health related factors impact on community. * Phase 3–Educational & Ecological Assessment: Predisposing, enforcing, & enabling factors impacting health-related behaviors. * Phase 4–Policy Assessment & Intervention Alignment: Implications of budget, resources, policies & regulations, barriers to change. * Phase 5–Implementation.
27
Precede–Proceed Planning Model: Proceed
Proceed: Policy, Organizational, Regulatory constructs in Educational & Environmental Development. * Phase 6: Evaluation of Process. * Phase 7: Evaluation of Impact. * Phase 8: Evaluation of Outcome.
28
Occupational Resiliency Factors:
Precursors increasing resistance to developing disease or disability.
29
Population Health…
Collaborative, interdisciplinary approach involving advocacy, policy revision & development to maximize health equity & occupational justice.
30
Epidemiology…
Study of disease or disability distribution, determinants, & frequencies.
31
Characteristics of Community & Population Health Practice Paradigm (CPHP)…
* Client-centered *  Occupation-based * Evidence-supported * Based on the Dynamic Systems theory *  Ecologically supported *  Strengths-based
32
Occupational Risk Factors…
Factors that increase individual's vulnerability to developing a disease or disability. –Can be physical, social, economic, environmental, & political.
33
Well-being…
General term–"total universe" of human domains: Physical, Mental, & Social aspects. • Considered the outcome of health Promotion & OT.
34
Wellness…
Perception of & responsibility for Psychological & Physical wellbeing = QoL.
35
Define Eustress…
Promotes Accommodation, Adaptation, & Positive Change.
36
Define Distress…
Actual or perceived threat to body's ability to maintain homeostasis.
37
Chronic Stress: Body Systems…
* Skin: eczema, psoriasis. *  Metabolic: Hypothyroidism & diabetes. * Neurologic: Depression, anxiety, & migraines. * Cognitive: Production of Glucocorticoid = STM production.
38
Chronic Stress: Physiological Responses…
• Cardiovascular System: – Acutes response: increased HR. – Chronic response: Hypertension, CAD, or CHF. • Gastrointestinal System: – Acute response: Changed eating habits, or "butterflies." – Chronic response: Ulcers, colitis, Crohn's disease. • Respiratory System: – Acute: Fast breathing. – Chronic: Asthma, Hay fever. • Musculoskeletal System: – Acute: Muscles tense & can trigger headaches. – Chronic: Rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pain. • Endocrine System: – Acute: Increased release of Cortisol. • Nervous System: – Acute: Fight or Flight.
39
Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP)…
*  Used in Psychiatric Rehab. *  Supports self-management & coherence, improves perceived recovery. *  Decreases depression & anxiety. ``` * 5 Key Principles: –Self-advocacy. –Support. – Hope. – Education. – Personal Responsibility. ```
40
Healthy People 2020…
Goal of reducing adults with no physical activity/sedentary lifestyle–increase amount of people who meet minimum.
41
Caregivers–at risk for…?
& Increased stress = alcohol, prescription & psychotropic drug, substance use.

Wellness (2 decks)

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