midterm?

Question 1

1 nutrient for animals

Answer 1

air

Question 2

features of enviro that influences animal biology

Answer 2

air, sanitation/hygiene, nutrition, space and social setting, equipment, noise

Question 3

4 movements that you need to know when designing a facility *

Answer 3

animal, people, nutritional, manure movement

Question 4

stressors

Answer 4

climatic, enviro, nutritional, pathological

Question 5

heat balance equation

Answer 5

maintaining constant body temp depends on M+G=L

Question 6

Heat balance equation meaning of M

Answer 6

M = metabolic heat production from body

Question 7

heat balance equation G

Answer 7

heat Gained from enviro - radiation and convection

Question 8

heat balance equation L

Answer 8

heat Lost to environment - radiation, evaporation, conduction, convection

Question 9

convection heating types

Answer 9

free convection - hot air rises
forced convection - pushing air

Question 10

humidity impact on environment

Answer 10

impacts evaporation, higher humidity impacts bacteria

Question 11

animal thermal insulation layers

Answer 11

body core, body shell, cover layer, boundary layer

Question 12

animal body core

Answer 12

visceral organs, can change with nutrition, increased energy density of food

Question 13

animal body shell

Answer 13

muscles, blood vessels, fat and skin

Question 14

animal cover layer

Answer 14

hair or feathers - pelage or plumage

Question 15

animal boundary layer

Answer 15

air - ventilation dependent

Question 16

how much of thermoregulation is behavioural

Answer 16

80%

Question 17

elixirs of life

Answer 17

air, water and light

Question 18

light and water consumption relationship

Answer 18

more light = more water

Question 19

functions of ventilation

Answer 19

• uniformly distribute fresh air without drafts
• maintain species specific building temp
• exhaust respired moisture
• remove all air contaminants

Question 20

ventilation related problems

Answer 20

air quality
temp fluctuations
micro-climates
inlet management

Question 21

negative v positive fan ventilation

Answer 21

positive - air in, negative pushing out

Question 22

dew point

Answer 22

when internal is lower than air temp - 60% humidity - barn sweats

Question 23

management for air pollutants

Answer 23

ventilation/climate
elevated floors - not slats
animal/human activity

Question 24

protein retention in diets according to vern

Answer 24

18-40%

Question 25

what is all involves in an animals environment

Answer 25

physical, chemical, biological and behavioural elements around the animal

Question 26

what does the environment influence in animals

Answer 26

growth, metabolism, reproduction, lactation, disease and behaviour

Question 27

animal features that influence enviro requirements

Answer 27

temp requirements, locomotion patterns, social organizations, feeding and drinking patterns, parental behaviour, maintenance behaviour

Question 28

how genetics affect adaptability to diff environments

Answer 28

tolerance to heat and cold, coat colour, disease resistance, disease resistance, geology and parasite resistance

Question 29

impacts of stage of production

Answer 29

feeding level/system, space allocation and social management, breeding animals may need exposure to opposite sex, some animals may need to be isolated

Question 30

features of the environment that influence animal biology - thermal

Answer 30

temp, humidity, air, group v individual, flooring/bedding, constant v fluctuating temps

Question 31

features of the environment that influence animal biology - lighting

Answer 31

type (incandescent, fluorescent, natural) intensity/brightness schedule (chronobiology)

Question 32

features of the environment that influence animal biology - air quality

Answer 32

dust, gasses, pathogens, impacted by: - ventilation rates/patterns -flooring/bedding/manure management - activity patterns of the animals

Question 33

features of the environment that influence animal biology - sanitation/disease hygiene

Answer 33

maure management, group v individual, indoor v outdoor

Question 34

features of the environment that influence animal biology - nutrition and enviro interactions

Answer 34

energy balance, thermal environment, activity levels, vet/mineral requirements, access to soil and substrate

Question 35

features of the environment that influence animal biology - space and social setting

Answer 35

density - space allowance, group size group composition size variation

Question 36

features of the environment that influence animal biology - equipment

Answer 36

flooring, crate design, feeders and drinkers - all impact: - feed and water intake - movement patterns - injury and lameness

Question 37

features of the environment that influence animal biology - noise

Answer 37

from equipment and caretakers - impacts inter animal communication, fear, stress and physical damage to auditory system

Question 38

developmental plasticity

Answer 38

genetically based program can be modified in response to changing environmental conditions to shape unique characteristics of each individual

Question 39

9 foundations of a healthy building

Answer 39

air quality, thermal health, moisture, dust and pests, safety, water quality, noise lighting, ventilation

Question 40

features of the environment that influence animal biology

Answer 40

thermal environment lighting air quality sanitation/hygiene/disease transfer nutrition-environmental interactions space and social setting equipment noise

Question 41

is an animal ever independent of the environment?

Answer 41

no

Question 42

5 freedoms

Answer 42

freedom from hunger and thirst freedom from discomfort freedom from pain, injury or disease freedom to express normal behaviour freedom from fear and distress

Question 43

responses to adverse enviroments

Answer 43

adaptation, acclimatization, habituation

Question 44

stressors

Answer 44

climatic, environmental, nutritional, physiological, physical, social, psychological, pathological

Question 45

what is the most potent in releasing a stress response

Answer 45

psychological - CRH - initial step in HPA activation - also involved in emotional/behavioural runs to a stressor

Question 46

4 main factors that contribute to accurate sound localization

Answer 46

1. preadator or prey type of habitat nocturnal or diurnal visual capacity