Midterm Flashcards
(19 cards)
Psych
Soul
Ology
Scientific study of
Psychology
Scientific study of the mind and behavior
Structuralism
Understanding the conscious experience through introspection- Wilhem Wundt
Functionalism
Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to it environment- William James
Psychoanalytic Theory
Focuses on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior- Sigmund Freud
Gestalt Psychology
Focuses on humans as a whole rather than individual parts- Wertheir, Korda, Kohler
Behaviorism
Focuses on observing and controlling behavior- Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
Humanism
Emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans-Abraham Maslow and Carl Rodgers
Introspection
Process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its component parts
Functionalism
Emphasized how mental activities contributed to basic environmental survival
Classical conditioning
Studied classical conditioning in which an animal produced a reflex (unconscious) response to a stimulus (salivating in the presence of food) and, over time, was conditioned to produce the response to a different stimulus ( salivating to the sound of a bell) that the experimenter associated with the original stimulus (food and bell became associated)
John B. Watson (Behaviorism)
-Believed that objective analysis of the mind was impossible
-Instead he focused on observable behavior and ways to bring that behavior under control
B.F Skinner
Studied the principles of modifying behavior through reinforcement and punishment which he saw as major factors in driving behavior (operant conditioning)
Abraham Maslow (Humanism)
Maslow asserted that so long as basic needs necessary for survival were met (e.g., food, water, shelter), higher level needs (e.g., social needs) would begin to motivate behavior
Carl Rodgers (Humanism)
Client-centered therapy involves the patient taking a lead role in the therapy session.
Rogers believed therapists need:
unconditional positive regard
genuineness
empathy
The Cognitive Revolution
Noam Chomsky. He believed psychology needed to incorporate mental functioning into its focus in order to fully understand human behavior.
Margaret Floy Washburn
Researched on animal behavior, and published an authoritative text on the subject.
Branches of psychology
Biopsychology and Evolutionary Psychology
Sensation and Perception
Cognitive Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Personality Psychology
Social Psychology
Health Psychology
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Sports and Exercise Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Forensic Psychology
