Midterm Flashcards by Elizabeth Bernstein

Name: Sir Arthur Evans

Dates: 1851- 1941

Excavated: Knossos

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Name: Heinrich Schliemann

Dates: 1822- 1890

Excavated: Troy, Mycenae, Tiryns, etc.

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Name: Christos Tsountas

Dates: 1857-1934.

Excavated: Discovered cultures of Neolithic Thessaly & the Cyclades

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Name: Harriet Boyd Hawes

Dates: 1871-1945

Excavated: Gournia

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Site: Dmini (Thessaly)

Period: Late Neolithic

Date: 3700-3300 BC

Reconstruction.

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Site: Dmini (Thessaly)

Period: Late Neolithic

Dates: 3700-3300 BC

Plan. Note the prominent position of the central building

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Period: Late Neolithic

Dates: 4th millenium

Found: Dmini (Thessaly)

Materials: ceramic, handmade

Shape: Jar

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Period: Neolithic

Dates: 4th millenium

Found: Crete

Materials: ceramic, incised

Shape: pyxis

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Type: Figurine

Period: Middle Neolithic

Dates: 5th millenium BC

Found: Pharsala (Thessaly)

Materials: terracotta

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Type: figurine

Period: Early Neolithic

Dates: 6000 BC

Found: Nea Nikomedia (Macedonia)

Materials: terracotta

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Site: Myrtos, Fournou Koriphi

Period: EM II

Dates: 2600-2300 BC (built & destroyed)

Plan and two views. Only fully excavated Minoan village.

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Ware: Ayios Onoufrios

Period: EM

Dates: 2700 BC

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Ware: Vasiliki

Period: EM II

Date: 2500 BC

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Building: House of the Tiles

Site: Lerna (Argolid)

Period: Early Helladic II

Date: 2900-2400 BC

Plan and reconstrution.

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Type: “Urfirnis Sauceboats”

Period: Early Helladic

Date: 3000 - 2200/2000 BC

Shape: zoomorphic (bird)

Same shape also occurs in metal.

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Type: “frying pan”

Period: Early Cycladic II

Date: 2500 BC

Found: Chalandriani, Syros (island)

Materials: clay

Decoration: incised white-filled spirals, profile of ship

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Period: Early Cycladic II

Dates: 2500 BC

Found: Chalandriani, Syros (island)

Decoration: dark paint on light ground

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Type: figurine, folded arm variety

Period: EC generally, this EC II

Material: Marble

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Type: figurine, violin-shaped variety

Period: EC generally, this EC I

Material: marble

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Type: figurines, Louros type

Period: EC generally, these EC I

Material: marble

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Type: figurines, musicians (harp & aulos players)

Period: EC generally, these EC II

Found: Keros

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Description: Gold pendant in form of two bees with globe of honey

Period: Early Minoan

Date: 3rd millenium BC

Found: Chrysolakkos cemetery @ Mallia

Material: gold

Technique: goldwork, filigree and fine granulation

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Structure: tholos tomb

Site: Kamilari (south-central Crete)

Period: EM II

Date: 2500-2200 BC

Plan and view.

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Name: Phaistos Disk

Period: MM IIIB (New Palace)

Dates: 1700-1600 BC

Found: Phaistos

Both sides. Undeciphered. Impressed with pictographic signs arranged in a spiral and divided into groups by traverse lines.

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**Site**: Phaistos **Structure**: First Palace - raised causeways, theatral area **Period**: early MM (First Palace) **Date**: 2000-1800 BC

**Site**: Mallia **Structure**: Quartier Mu **Period**: First Palace **Date**: 2000-1800 BC Showing large administrative structure (Building A).

**Site**: Ayia Photia **Structure**: fortified building w/ rounded projections or bastions **Period**: MM IA (Prepalatial, just before New Palace) **Date**: 2000 BC

**Site**: Chamaizi (eastern Crete) **Structure**: free-standing house **Period**: MM IA (Prepalatial, just before New Palace) **Date**: 2000 BC

**Ware**: Kamares **Period**: (here) MMII, generally First Palace Period (characteristic) **Shape**: jug **Technique**: wheelmade (first on Crete) **Decoration**: light-on-dark (characteristic)

**Ware**: Kamares **Period**: (generally) First Palace Period (characteristic) **Date**: (here) 2000-1600 BC **Shape**: storage jar **Technique**: wheelmade (first on Crete) **Decoration**: light-on-dark (characteristic)

**Ware**: "Minyan" **Period**: MH (typical) **Date**: 2100-1600 BC **Shape**: goblet **Technique**: 1st wheelmade pottery on mainland

**Period**: MH (typical) **Date**: 2100-1600 BC **Shape**: jar **Technique**: handmade **Decoration**: matt-painted

**Site**: Knossos **Structure**: Second Palace (plan) **Period**: Second Palace **Date**: 1725 / 1700 - 1380 / 1375 BC Largest of Minoan palaces. Site continually inhabited from Neolithic into Roman Times.

**Title**: "Throne Room" **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Second Palace

**Title**: Granstand Fresco **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Second Palace **Date**: after 1600 BC **Materials**: miniature fresco Note the tripartite shrine with “horns of consecration” on the roof, surrounded by females & males

**Title**: "Master Impression" sealing **Period**: Late Minoan I-II (New Palace) **Date**: 1550-1450 BC **Found**: Chania (Crete) Depicting multi-storey buildings set in a rocky landscape and with male holding staff standing at the highest point

**Title**: "Priest-king" Fresco (as originally reconstructed by Evans) **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Second Palace

**Style**: Floral-style **Period**: Late Minoan IA (Second Palace) **Date**: 1550-1500 BC **Found**: Phaistos **Shape**: jug

**Style**: Marine-style **Period**: Late Minoan IB (Second Palace) **Date**: 1500-1450 BC **Found**: Gournia **Shape**: stirrup jar

**Site**: Mallia **Structure**: Palace **Period**: Second Palace Note central court, storage areas, etc.

**Site**: Gournia **Structure**: "Palace" **Period**: Second Palace **Excavator**: Harriet Boyd Hawes Restored view & plan.

**Site**: Gournia (aerial view) **Period**: Second Palace **Excavator**: Harriet Boyd Hawes

**Site**: Gournia **Structure**: "Palace" (lower right image) **Period**: most prosperous in LM (Second Palace) **Date**: 1550-1450 BC Most extensively excavated Minoan lowland town.

**Site**: Kato Zakro (east Crete) **Structure**: Palace **Period**: Second Palace **Excavator**: Nikolaos Platon

**Title**: Bull's head rhyton **Period**: LM IA (Second Palace) **Date**: 1550-1500 BC **Found**: Little Palace @ Knossos **Materials**: carved from a block of black steatite, with horns of gilded wood, eyes of inlaid rock crystal and jasper, and nostrils of mother-of pearl (the horns and much of the head are modern restorations)

**Type**: plaques showing Minoan houses **Site**: Palace @ Knossos **Period**: LM I (Second Palace) **Date**: 15th C BC **Material**: faience

Burnt clay tablets preserving the three different types of script of Minoan Crete: a) (upper left) Minoan hieroglyphic b) (upper right) Linear A c) (bottom) Linear B, deciphered by Michael Ventris.

**Title**: Dolphin Fresco **Structure**: "Queen's Megaron," Palace at Knossos **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Second Palace This fresco probably originally belonged to the floor of the first floor directly above

Reconstruction of the west side of the central courtyard of the Palace at Knossos by Piet de Jong (the “Throne Room” is at the lower right)

**Structure**: North Lustral Basin, Palace of Knossos **Period**: Second Palace As restored by Sir Arthur Evans.

**Site**: Phaistos (looking north to Mt. Ida) **Structure**: Central Court & north end of Palace **Period**: Second Palace Looking north toward Mount Ida. Entire palatial compound is oriented towards the mountain.

**Title**: Flying Fish Fresco **Site**: Phylakopi, Melos (island) **Period**: MC **Date**: 18th-17th cent. BC

**Title**: "Peak Sanctuary" rhyton **Period**: Second Palace **Found**: Kato Zakro, Palace **Materials**: chlorite (stone), probably guilt **Depicts**: tripartite peak sanctuary surmounting a broad stair, with double horns along the roof lines, and what appear to be altars in the foreshortened front court, set in a mountain landscape with wild goats and birds

**Title**: "Harvester" Vase **Site**: Ayia Triada, Villa A **Period**: Second Palace **Materials**: black steatite (stone) **Technique**: low relief **Depicts**: 27 males led by a figure, perhaps a priest. The scene has been interpreted as a processual dance, a triumphal march of soldiers, and a harvest festival

**Style**: "Palace-style" **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Third Palace **Date**: 1450-1375 BC **Shape**: storage jar **Decoration**: style is characterized by somewhat formalized floral & other motifs paint on a light ground

**Site**: Knossos **Structure**: western magazines/storage areas **Period**: Third Palace Reused or partially modified during Mycenaean control of palace.

**Site**: Kommos (port), near Ayia Triada **Structure**: ship-sheds (reconstructed drawing) **Period**: Third Palace **Date**: 1450-1375 BC This stoa-like building has been interpreted as a compound of ship- sheds whose long rooms open on to the sandy beach.

**Site**: Ayia Triada **Structure**: Villa complex, megaron **Period**: Second Palace (villa complex), Third Palace (megaron) What appears to be a Megaron was built over the villa in the Third Palace Period, and this is contemporary with the stoa complex at the northern sector of the site

**Title**: Vapheio Cup (1 of 2) **Date**: 1450 BC or slightly earlier **Found**: Vapheio, near Sparta **Material**: gold

**Title**: "Snake Goddess" statuette **Period**: Second Palace **Date**: 1600 BC **Found**: Knossos, Temple Repositories **Material**: faience Snake goddesses, or snake goddess and her attendant.

Title: "La Pariesienne" Fresco Part of: Camp-Stool Fresco Period: Third Palace Date: 1400 BC The prominent "sacral knot" worn at the back of the neck is often taken to indicated that she was a priestess or even a goddess, though this is conjecture.

**Title**: Bull-leaping or Toreador Fresco **Site**: Palace at Knossos (east wing) **Period**: Third Palace **Date**: 15th cent. BC

**Title**: seal stones **Found**: Palace at Knossos **Period**: Neopalatial (top) a goddess standing between two griffins (Potnia Theron) (left) pair of bulls (right) lioness attacking a bull

**Title**: gold earrings **Period**: Third Palace **Date**: after 1400 BC **Found**: Mavro Spelio (necropolis), near Knossos **Note**: schematic bull's head form

**Title**: Camp-Stool Fresco **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Third Palace **Date:** 1400 BC

**Title**: Chryselephantine (gold & ivory) statuette **Period**: LM IB (Second Palace) **Date**: 1500-1450 BC **Found**: Palaikastro **Materials**: gold, ivory

**Period**: Second Palace **Date**: 1500 BC **Found**: Crete **Material**: bronze **Technique**: *cire perdue* (lost wax) In typical "worshiping" pose, wearing no

**Period**: Second Palace **Date**: 1500 BC **Found**: Crete **Material**: bronze **Technique**: cire perdue (lost wax) In typical "worshiping" pose, wearing normal costume for male.

**Title**: "Captain of the Blacks" Fresco **Site**: Knossos **Period**: Third Palace (Mycenaean), dated stylistically Note the distinctive headwear resembling a Nubian cap, the two spears, the different skin colors of the individuals.

Midterm Flashcards

(70 cards)