MIDTERM

Question 1

What is dissociation

Answer 1

A process when a molecule dissociates into wo or more components

Question 2

What is ionization

Answer 2

when the products of the dissociation are charged ions

Question 3

What are positively charged ions aka

Answer 3

cations

Question 4

What are negatively charged ions aka

Answer 4

Anions

Question 5

What are electrolytes

Answer 5

compounds form charged ion in water and thereby enable water to conduct electricity

Question 6

How are electrolytes classified

Answer 6

based on the degree of ionization in dilute solutions

Question 7

What do strong electrolytes do in dilute solutions

Answer 7

dissociate completely

Question 8

What do weak electrolytes do in dilute solutions

Answer 8

dissociate partially

Question 9

What do non electrolytes do in water

Answer 9

do not ionize in water

Question 10

What are examples of non electrolytes

Answer 10

ehanol, glycerol, glucose, surcose

Question 11

How are acid-base properties explained

Answer 11

using dissociation or ionization properties of compounds

Question 12

What is Bronsted-Lowry acid base theory

Answer 12

describes acid as a compound that donates a proton and a base as a compound that accepts a proton

Question 13

What is Lewis acid base theory

Answer 13

bases donate a pair of electrons and acids accept a pair of electrons

Question 14

How does bronsted-lowry acid base theory describe dissociation of weak acids and bases

Answer 14

Dissociation of weak acids and bases as occurring in conjugate acid base pairs

Question 15

What is the autoionization of water

Answer 15

water has weak acid base properties and autoionizes

Question 16

Is water an electrolyte or nonelectrolyte

Answer 16

nonelectrolyte which means it can’t conduct electricity

Question 17

What is the dissociation of water

Answer 17

1 x 10^-7 M

Question 18

What is a peptide

Answer 18

one or more amino acids linked by chemical bonds

Question 19

What is peptide bond

Answer 19

the type of chemical bond that joins the amino acids together

Question 20

What is a polypeptide

Answer 20

a series of linked amino acids

Question 21

What is a protein

Answer 21

one or more polypetides

Question 22

What causes the polypeptide to fold into a shape that is biologically active

Answer 22

The sequence of the amino acid chain

Question 23

Where is the amino acid sequence of proteins encoded

Answer 23

genes

Question 24

What are the building blocks of a cell and play a variety if roles in the cell

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

What are some of the roles protein play (4x)

Answer 25

1. structural (cytoskeleton) 2. mechanical (muscle) 3. biochemical (enzyme) 4. cell signaling (hormones)

Question 26

Proteins may be serval peptides held together by what

Answer 26

1. disulfide bonds 2. hydrophobic interactions 3. Van der Waals (dispersion) forces

Question 27

How many levels of protein organization

Answer 27

4

Question 28

What is primary protein structure

Answer 28

sequence of a chain of amino acid

Question 29

What is secondary protein structure

Answer 29

occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds

Question 30

What is tertiary protein structure

Answer 30

occurs when certain attractions are present between alpha helices and pleated sheets

Question 31

What is quaternary structure

Answer 31

is a protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain

Question 32

What is hemoglobin

Answer 32

is the protein contained in red blood cells that is responsible for delivery of oxygen to the tissues