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waves > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what is period?

A

duration of a cycle

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2
Q

what is frequency?

A

how many cycles per unit of time

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3
Q

what is angular frequency? what’s the formula?

A

W is the number of rads per unit of time. 2pi/T

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4
Q

is acceleration constant in simple harmonic motion?

A

no

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5
Q

what’s the formula for elastic force? what’s the direction of this force?

A

f elastic= -KX (always towards equilibrium)

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6
Q

in spring motion, when is V at its max?

A

when x=o (position at equilibrium)

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7
Q

in spring motion, when is a at its max?

A

when x=A or -A

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8
Q

What are the different SHM formulas that we can use?

A
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9
Q

what is the condition for a pendulum motion to be SHM?

A

the angle must be small (under 10 degrees)

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10
Q

what does pendulum motion depend on?

A

length of string and gravitational accelerations

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11
Q

what do all waves require?

A

-a source of disturbance
-a medium to propagate the disturbance
-a mechanism to propagate the disturbance (collisions for sound, tension for string)

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12
Q

What is the pendulum formula for theta and omega?

A
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13
Q

what is a transverse wave?

A

-wave travels perpendicular to motion of particles in medium (string with tension)

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14
Q

what is a longitudinal wave?

A

wave travels parallel to motion of particles in medium (sound)

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15
Q

does a sound wave move faster in warm of cold air?

A

warm

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16
Q

What is the formula for the position of a wave particle, for a wave travelling in the negative direction (left)?

A
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17
Q

what happens to vwaveif I change the frequency of a standing wave (by the disturbance)

A

NOTHING. lambda will simply adapt to the change to assure vwave stays constant

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18
Q

what happens to lambda and frequency if I change the vwave?

A

lambda adapts? frequency does not change!

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19
Q

what is the wave number (k) equal to ?

A

2pi/lambda

20
Q

what does increasing string tension do to a wave?

A

-makes it travel faster

21
Q

is vwave faster in water or air?

A

water

22
Q

what does vacuum mean?

A

no air

23
Q

What happens when a wave meets a clamp?

A
24
Q

What happens when a wave meets a massless ring boundary?

A
25
Q

What happens when a wave goes from a light rope to a heavy rope?

A
26
Q

What happens when a a wave goes from a heavy rope to a light rope?

A
27
Q

is water or air a faster medium for light?

A

air

28
Q
A
29
Q

What happens when light goes from a fast to a slow medium?

A
30
Q

what is our brain’s interpretation of frequency?

A

pitch (more high pitch=higher frequency)

31
Q

what is our brain’s interpretation of loudness?

A

power of the wave/amplitude. higher power/amplitude=louder

32
Q

what is power?

A

energy/time.

33
Q

what is the Doppler effect?

A

frequency observed changes due to velocity of source or observer

34
Q

what is the Doppler effect equation?

A
35
Q

how does a sonar work?

A

emits a sound wave, gets modified and comes back to see the measurement

36
Q

what are the units for watts?

A

J/s

37
Q

if I double the amplitude, what happens to power?

A

multiplied by 4

38
Q

What is the relationship between power and amplitude?

A
39
Q

what is intensity?

A

power distributed over an area. I=P/A

40
Q

What is the intensity formula for open space?

A
41
Q

What is the formula for the decibel level?

A
42
Q

what is wave interference?

A

two waves that meet when travelling in the same medium

43
Q

What is the formula for the total amplitude of wave interference (in between, not constructive or destructive)

A
44
Q

how does standing wave occur?

A

2 identical sine waves travelling in opposite directions

45
Q

what is one wavelength in nodes/antinodes?

A

N-A-N-A-N

46
Q

what is one wavelength for an open ended tube?

A

A-N-A-N-A

47
Q
A

waves (2 decks)

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