midterm !

Question 1

is a specific brain disease that accounts for 60-80% of dementia cases

Answer 1

alzheimer’s

Question 2

general term for symptoms like decline in memory, reasoning, or other thinking skills

Answer 2

dementia

Question 3

abnormal aggregates of protein that develop inside nerve cells

Answer 3

lewy body

Question 4

spherical masses that displace other cell components

Answer 4

lewy body

Question 5

the one that maintains the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity of the brain

Answer 5

GABA

Question 6

SEIZURE

• blocks t-type calcium channel
• prolongs sodium channel inactivation

Answer 6

zonisamide

Question 7

SEIZURE

• inhibits sodium channel and potentiates the inhibitory activity of GABA
• may block glutamate

Answer 7

topiramate

Question 8

SEIZURE

• for primary generalized tonic clonic seizure in adults and children less than 6 years old
• for juvenile myoclonic and partial seizure

Answer 8

levetiracetam

Question 9

SEIZURE

decreases the neuronal activity and increases the seizure threshold

Answer 9

primidone

Question 10

SEIZURE

enhances inhibitory effect of GABA by increasing permeability of chloride ions

Answer 10

clobazam

Question 11

SEIZURE

adjunctive treatment of partial seizure

Answer 11

retigabine

Question 12

SEIZURE

adjunctive treatment of the lennox-gastraut syndrome

Answer 12

rufinamide

Question 13

SEIZURE

used for partial seizure and infantile spasms

Answer 13

vigabatrin

Question 14

SEIZURE

used for absence seizure, myoclonic seizure, and infantile spasms

Answer 14

clonazepam

Question 15

SEIZURE

used for status epilepticus and seizure cluster

Answer 15

diazepam

Question 16

SEIZURE

used for neonatal seizure

Answer 16

phenobarbital

Question 17

MIGRAINE

pretreatment antiemetic that also helps reverse gastroparesis and enhance absorption of oral medication

Answer 17

metoclopramide

Question 18

a frequently recurring migraine

Answer 18

refractory migraine

Question 19

no randomized, placebo-controlled studies support the efficacy of this formulation for migraine

Answer 19

barbiturates

Question 20

MIGRAINE

serotonin receptor agonists that have the longest half-lives, slowest onset of action, and less headache recurrence

Answer 20

• frovatriptan
• naratriptan

Question 21

CHRONIC PAIN

if pain persists, _ and _ should be added to the regimen

Answer 21

• codeine
• hydrocodone

Question 22

CHRONIC PAIN

drugs that cannot be administered in elderly patients because they have longer half-lives

Answer 22

• levorphanol
• methadone

Question 23

PAIN MGT

gold standard and the first step 3 drug in all patients, including elderly

Answer 23

morphine

Question 24

PAIN MGT

a partial agonist and antagonist

Answer 24

pentazocine

Question 25

# ALZ breaks down beta amyloid

Answer 25

APO E4 | sporadic Alz

Question 26

# ALZ * found in **chromosome 14** * responsible for **presenilin 1**

Answer 26

PSEN1 | familial ALZ

Question 27

# ALZ * found in **chromosome 1** * responsible for **presenilin 2**

Answer 27

PSEN2

Question 28

# ALZ gene mutation involved in down syndrome

Answer 28

trisomy 21 | familial ALZ

Question 29

# ALZ evaluates **oxygen levels**, body movements, and **brain waves**

Answer 29

polysomnogrophy

Question 30

# ALZ can help establish a **history of deficits** in two or more areas of cognition at baseline against which to evaluate change in severity over time

Answer 30

MMSE | **Mini-Mental State Examination**

Question 31

# BIPOLAR chronic fluctuations between subsyndromal depressive and hypomanic episodes

Answer 31

cyclothymic disorder

Question 32

# BIPOLAR are the only **FDA-approved monotherapy antipsychotics** for bipolar disorder

Answer 32

* quetiapine * lurasidone