MIDTERM Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
measurement device or technique
A
Test
2
Q
used to quantify behavior or aid the understanding and prediction of behavior
A
test
3
Q
specific stimulus which person responds overtly; response can be scored or evaluated
A
items
4
Q
set of items that are designed to measure characteristic of human beings pertain to behavior
A
psychological test
5
Q
raw scores on test items
A
scales
6
Q
theoretical or empirical distributions
A
scales
7
Q
type of test
A
- individual test
- group test
8
Q
previous learning
A
achievement
9
Q
potential for learning or acquiring a specific skills
A
aptitude
10
Q
persons general potential to solve problems, adapt to changing circumstances, think abstractly, and profit from experience
A
intelligence
11
Q
overt and covert dispositions of individual
A
personality test
12
Q
self report
A
structured personality test
13
Q
require the subject to choose between two or more alternative
A
structured personality test
14
Q
stimulus (test materials) or required response or both are ambigous
A
projective personality test
15
Q
all possible uses, applications, and underlying concepts of psychological and educational tests
A
Psychological Testing
16
Q
the accuracy, dependability, consistency, or repeatability of test results
A
reliability
17
Q
meaning and usefulness of test results
A
validity
18
Q
act of giving a test
A
test administration
19
Q
method of gathering information through verbal interaction, such as direct questions
A
interview
20
Q
uses test batteries (two or more tests used in conjunction)
A
206BCE-220CE Han Dynasty
21
Q
A national multistage testing program involved local and regional testing centers be equipped with special testing booths
A
1368-1644CE Ming Dynasty
22
Q
Jean Esquirol distinguishes between mental illness and mental retardation
A
1838
23
Q
Wilhelm Wundt uses calibrated pendulum to measure the speed of thought
A
1862
24
Q
O. Edouard Seguin writes the first major textbook on the assessment and treatment of mental retardation
A
1866
25
Wundt funds the first experimental laboratory in psychology at Leipzig, Germany
1869
26
Francis Galton administers the first test battery to thousands of citizens at the International Health Exhibit
1884
27
James Mckeen Cattel uses the term mental test in announcing the agenda for his Galtonian test battery
1890
28
James Mckeen Cattel uses the term mental test in announcing the agenda for his Galtonian test battery
1896
29
Clark Wissler discovers that Cattellian brass instrument tests have no correlations with college grades
1901
30
Charles Spearmen proposes that intelligence consists of a single general factor and numerous specific factors
1904
31
Karl Pearson formulates the theory of correlation
1904
32
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon Invent the first modern intelligence test
1905
33
Henry H. Goddard translates the Binet-Simon scales from French into English
1908
34
Stern introduces the IQ or Intelligence Quotient
1912
35
Lewis Terman revises the Binet-Simon; revisions appear in 1937, 1960, and 1986
1916
36
Robert Yerkes Spearheads development of the Army Alpha and Beta examinations used for testing WWI recruits
1917
37
Robert Woodworth develops the Personal Data Sheet, the first personality test
1918
38
Rorschach Test published
1920
39
Psychological corporation the first major test publisher, was founded by Cattell, Thorndike, and Woodworth
1921
40
The first scholastic aptitude test is published by the College Entrance Examination Board
1926
41
Test is released by Morgan and Murray at Harvard University
1935
42
L. l. Thurstone Proposes that intelligence consists of about seven group factors known as primary abilities
1938
43
Publishes the Raven's Progressive Matrices, a nonverbal test reasoning intended to measure Spearman's g factor
1938
44
Lauretta Bender Publishes the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test, a design-copying test of Visual Motor Integration
1938
45
Oscar Buros Publishes the first mental measurements yearbook
1938
46
The Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale is published; revisions are published in 1955 (WAIS), 1981 (WAIS-R), 1997 (WAIS-III)
1939
47
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is published
1942
48
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children is published; revisions are published in 1974 (WISC-R), and 1991 (WISC-III)
1949
49
The Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank is published
1950
50
Lee Cronbach introduces coefficient Alpha as an index of reliability (internal consistency) for tests and scales
1951
51
American Psychiatric Association publishes the Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM-1)
1952
52
Raymond Cattell proposes the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence
1963
53
The American Psychological Association and other groups jointly publish the influential standards for Educational Psychological Testing
1985
54
American Psychiatric Association published DSM-III-R
1987
55
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 is published
1989
56
American Psychological Association publishes a revised Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct
1992
57
American Psychiatric Association publishes DSM-IV
1994
58
Dr. Marcelo A. Ordonez
General Mental Ability Test
59
Secondary Guidance and Counseling Services, Division of City Schools, Manila
Manila Self-Administering Test of Mental Ability
60
Guthrie, Tayag and Jacob
Philippine Non-Verbal Intelligence Test
61
National Education Testing Center, Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports
National College Entrance Examination (NCEE)
62
Center for Educational Measurement
Philippine Occupational Interest Inventory
63
Zenaida C. Santos, Ed. D.
Standardized Aptitude Test for Teachers
64
Virgilio Enriquez
Panukat ng Ugali't Pagkatao
65
Abenojar
Panukat ng Pagkikipagkapwa ng Batang Filipino
66
Filipino Adaptation of the Piers Harried Children's Self-Concept Scale: The Way I Feel About Myself, Manila Guidance Testing Center
Ang Palagay Ko Sa Aking Sarili
67
assignment of numbers to object or events according to a specific set of rules
measurement
68
A process of summarizing the results of tests and assigning meaning based on value analysis
evaluation
69
The scientific way of assigning numbers or events according to prescribe set of rules and the accurate appraisal of individuals
Psychological Measurement and Evaluation
70
picture of the relationship between two variables
Scatter Diagram
71
A mathematical index that describes the direction and magnitude of a relationship
Correlation Coefficient
72
Used to make predictions about scores on one variable from knowledge of scores on another variable
Regression Line
73
method of correlation for finding the association between two sets of ranks
Spearman’s Rho
74
expresses the relationship between a continuous variable and an artificial dichotomous variable
Biserial Correlation
75
tells the proportion of the total variation in scores on Y
Coefficient of Determination
76
Characteristics of a Good Psychological Test
- Standardized
- Objective Measurement of Difficulty
- Validity
- Reliability
- Scorability
- Interpretability
- Economy
77
Basic of Test Score Theory
Reliability
78
X=T+E
Reliability
79
Scores Inconsistency
Limited Sampling Behavior
Instability of the examinee’s performance
Possible Reasons for Inconsistencies of Scores
80
Measure of Stability (Test-Retest)
Measures of Equivalence
Measures of Equivalence and Stability
Measures of Internal Consistency
o Cronbach Alpha
Split-Half
Estimate of Reliability
81
Length of the Test
Difficulty of the Test
Objectivity
Factors that may Affect Reliability
82
type of validity
Face Validity
Content Validity
Criterion-Related Validity
o Predictive Validity Evidence
o Concurrent-Related Evidence
Construct Validity
o Convergent Evidence o Discriminant Validity
83
Defining the Test
Selecting a Scaling Method
Constructing the Items
Testing the Items
Revising the Test
Publishing the Test
test construction
84
Measure from a strong theoretical and research basis
Separate acquired factual data from the ability to solve unfamiliar problem
Yield scores that translate to educational intervention
Include novel task
Easy to administer and objective to score
Defining the test
85
Ranking of Experts
Selecting a Scaling Method
86
Method of Absolute Scaling (age groups)
Selecting a Scaling Method
87
Likert Scale (Coding and Reverse Coding)
Selecting a Scaling Method
88
Method of Equal Appearing Interest
o Collect items
o Ask 10 experts to rate the statements
o Get the SD
o Remove items with large SD
Selecting a Scaling Method
89
Items format
Constructing the Items
90
Testing the items
Constructing the Items
91
Item Content (Table of Specification)
Constructing the Items
92
Halo Effect
bias
93
higher expectations lead to an increase in performance
Pygmalion Effect/Rosenthal Effect (Bias)
94
Golem Effect
bias
95
Observer-Expectancy Effect
bias
96
Hawthorne Effect
bias
97
Placebo effect
bias
98
John Henry Effect
bias
99
Focuses upon pathology, maladjustment, deficiency and equilibrium process
clinical approach
100
Emphasis in on normative comparison; uses concept, theories, data
scientific approach
101
Uses every language, creative and dramatic, becomes too flowery, it is more concerned on the impression of poetry than scientific writing
literary approach
102
Centers on the specific problems and uses action language (on-going behavior)
Case-Focused Report Style
103
When psychologists/clinicians draw from all three approaches
Professional Report Style
104
Focuses on answering specific questions and all are included
Hypothesis-Oriented Report
105
Talks about the client in relation to specific topic
Domain-Oriented Report
106
test results is presented
Presenting Test Results
107
Assist in the assessment of the individual’s psychodynamics
Evaluation or Assessment Interview
108
Starts with an open-ended question that will provide the interviewer a comprehensive information about the individual
Case-History Interview
109
3 types of interview
- evaluation or assessment interview
- case history interview
- mental status examination
110
Arrange for a comfortable, private setting
Clinical Interview Techniques
111
Introduce yourself, greet the patient by name,
and tell the purpose of the interview
Clinical Interview Techniques
112
Put the patient at ease, and establish rapport by showing personal qualities of empathy and
sensitivity
Clinical Interview Techniques
113
Do not make a judgment
Clinical Interview Techniques
114
Carefully observe the patient’s nonverbal
behavior, posture, and mannerism
Clinical Interview Techniques
115
Avoid excessive note-taking
Clinical Interview Techniques
116
Keep the interview active.
Clinical Interview Techniques
117
Do not argue or get angry
Clinical Interview Techniques
118
Use language consistent with the patient’s
intelligence
Clinical Interview Techniques
119
Length of interview should be 15-90 minutes
depending on the patient status (average time, 45-60 minutes)
Clinical Interview Techniques
