Midterm Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
Near __________ somebody was once digging a pit when they came across a bone, deep down under the ground. It was a human bone. A lower jaw
A
Heidelberg, in Germany
2
Q
How did the skull discovered in Germany differ from our human skulls?
A
Instead of a forehead like ours, it just had two thick ridges above the eyebrows.
3
Q
What gives “prehistory” its name?
A
It comes before history.
4
Q
Which examples of materials did scientists find that change slowly but regularly over a very long period of time?
A
woods and plants and volcanic rocks
5
Q
Why do historians call it the “Stone Age”?
A
because of these stone tools
6
Q
About how long did the Neanderthal people inhabit the earth?
A
two hundred thousand years.”
7
Q
About how long ago did the Neanderthal people appear in prehistory before our ancestors?
A
Seventy thousand years earlier
8
Q
What was the climate like during The Stone Age?
A
Winters were longer and summers shorter
9
Q
Do you know what __________ invented? … They invented talking
A
Cavemen
10
Q
What were invented or developed by prehistoric people?
A
clothes, houses and tools, plows to plow with, grains to make bread with, cows for milking, sheep for shearing, dogs for hunting and for company, bows and arrows for shooting and helmets and shields for protection
11
Q
How long did The Ice Age last
A
Many tens of thousands of years
12
Q
What reasoning did the writer give for why cavemen drew and painted in caves?
A
To summon creatures like a magic spell
13
Q
Because forests were dangerous places in those days, home to large numbers of wild animals, such as wolves and bears, prehistoric people built __________.
A
Pile dwellings
14
Q
What were “pile dwellings”?
A
Huts on stilts rammed deep in the mud in the middle of lakes
15
Q
What did prehistoric people invent and decorate with patterns and fire in ovens?
A
Clay pots
16
Q
What did the cavemen learn to do in the warmth once the ice retreated to the high mountains?
A
To plant grasses and then grind the seeds to make a paste to bake in the fire: bread
17
Q
Around 4000 BC, prehistoric people discovered a more convenient way of making tools: __________.
A
They discovered metals
18
Q
Which metal did prehistoric people use that “has a nice shine” but is “soft and gets blunt more quickly than stone”?
A
Copper
19
Q
Prehistoric people “discovered that if you add just a little of another, very rare, metal, it makes the copper stronger. That metal is __________.”
A
Tin
20
Q
Prehistoric people mixed __________ and __________ together to make __________.
A
Tin, copper, bronze
21
Q
Part 2
A
:o
22
Q
Which examples of materials did scientists find that change slowly but regularly over a very long period of time?
A
Answer not listed
23
Q
Why do historians call it the “Stone Age”?
A
The primitive peoples built stone tools
24
Q
About how long ago did the Neanderthal people appear in prehistory before our ancestors?
A
Answer not listed
25
What was the climate like during The Stone Age?
Answer not listed
26
Do you know what __________ invented? ... They invented talking.
Answer not listed
27
Which of the following were not invented or developed by prehistoric people?
Answer not listed
28
What reasoning did the writer give for why cavemen drew and painted in caves?
Answer not listed
29
Because forests were dangerous places in those days, home to large numbers of wild animals, such as wolves and bears, prehistoric people built
Answer not listed
30
What were "pile dwellings"?
Answer not listed
31
What did prehistoric people invent and decorate with patterns and fire in ovens?
Answer not listed
32
What did the cavemen learn to do in the warmth once the ice retreated to the high mountains?
Answer not listed
33
The land of the Nile
:D
34
When did Menes rule over Egypt?
5100 years ago
35
What were the rulers of Ancient Egypt called?
Pharaohs
36
what did the Egyptians sing in praise of their river four-thousand years ago?
You water the plains and have the power to feed all cattle. You quench the thirsty desert, far from any water. You bring forth the barley, you create the wheat. You fill the granaries and storehouses, not forgetting the poor
37
What was the Ancient Egyptian writing system called?
Hieroglyphs
38
Why did the Egyptians preserve all their ancient traditions over the centuries and the priests make sure that no son did anything his father had not done before?
To them, everything old was sacred.
39
Which body of water did the Ancient Egyptians worship?
The Nile
40
What attribute to pharaohs?
They were called pharaohs. A pharaoh was immensely powerful. He lived in a great stone palace with massive pillars and many courtyards, and his word was law. All the people of Egypt had to toil for him if he so decreed
41
Who was the sun god in Ancient Egypt?
Amon was the Ancient Egyptian sun god.
42
Who was the god of the Kingdom of the Dead?
Anubis
43
"In honor of their gods, they chiseled majestic stone statues, as tall as __________, and built temples as big as __________."
a five-storey house, towns,
44
What are the tall pointed granite stones placed outside of temples in Ancient Egypt called?
Obelisks
45
What describes a belief that the Ancient Egyptians had in their religion?
A man’s soul left his body when he died, and for some reason, the soul continued needing that body, and would suffer if it crumbled into dust.
46
What was a method that the Ancient Egyptians used to preserve the bodies of the dead?
They bandaged them with long strips of papyrus so that they wouldn’t decay
47
Why did Ancient Egyptians put in food and furniture and clothes in the tombs and create paintings on the walls from the life of the departed?
A tomb was intended to be a dwelling for the soul when it returned to visit its body
48
What is a example of how Egyptians "knew what they were doing"?
How they pumped water into ditches as a primitive plumbing system
49
Based on the discoveries found in noblemen's tombs, how did the king reward his faithful ministers?
decorations
50
Which two objects were combined to write "Osiris" in hieroglyphs?
A throne and an eye were combined to write "Osiris" in hieroglyphs.
51
What three languages are found on the Rosetta Stone?
Ancient Greek, Egyptian Hieroglyphs, and another Egyptian dialect
52
What material did Ancient Egyptians use for their writing?
Papyrus
53
How long did Ancient Egypt's empire last?
Nearly 3000 years
54
Which pharaoh attempted to change Ancient Egypt's culture?
Akhenaton
55
Which animal head did the god of the Kingdom of the Dead have?
A jackal's
56
What did Akhenaton do as ruler?
The ancient temples were shut down, and King Akhenaton and his wife moved into a new palace. Since he was utterly opposed to tradition, and in favor of fine new ideas, he also had the walls of his palace painted in an entirely new style
57
What is related to Akhenaton?
Akhenaton was a remarkable man who lived around 1370 BC. He had no time for the Egyptian religion, with its many gods and its mysterious rituals. 'There is only one God,' he taught his people, "and that is the Sun
58
"Wise words are rarer than __________, yet they come from the mouths of __________ who __________."
emeralds, poor slave girls, turn the millstones
59
Part 2 of "The land of the Nile" :D
:3
60
When did Menes rule over Egypt
Answer not listed
61
Of what did the Egyptians not sing in praise of their river four-thousand years ago?
Creating the beans
62
Why did the Egyptians preserve all their ancient traditions over the centuries and the priests make sure that no son did anything his father had not done before?
Answer not listed
63
Which of the following do we not attribute to pharaohs?
They were immensely powerless.
64
"In honor of their gods, they chiseled majestic stone statues, as tall as __________, and built temples as big as __________."
Answer not listed
65
What are the tall pointed granite stones placed outside of temples in Ancient Egypt called?
Answer not listed
66
Which of the following is not an example of how Egyptians "knew what they were doing"?
How they used great nets to catch geese on the Nile
67
Which three languages are found on the Rosetta Stone?
Ancient Greek, Egyptian Hieroglyphs, and another Egyptian dialect
68
Which animal head did the god of the Kingdom of the Dead have?
jackal’s head
69
Which of the following did Akhenaton not do as ruler?
He had the walls of his palace painted in the traditional style.
70
Which is not related to Akhenaton?
He taught his people of the gods that existed.
71
72
Mesopotamia resided between which two rivers?
The Tigris and the Euphrates
73
The name Mesopotamia is Greek for what?
land ‘between the rivers
74
What two cities existed in Mesopotamia?
Nineveh and Babylon
75
One such mound, standing in the desert, is all that remains of __________, once the greatest city on earth, a city swarming with people who came there from every part of the world to trade their wares.
Babylon
76
Upstream, at the foot of the mountains, sits another. This was __________, the second greatest city in the land ... [the capital of] of the Assyrians.
Nineveh
77
Which quality do historians and archaeologists think demonstrates a culture?
towns and tradesmen, noblemen and kings, temples and priests, administrators and artists, writing and technical skills.
78
Which of the following items was not discovered in the burial sites at Ur?
A silver shield designed with rubies
79
Archaeologists discovered the ruins of which city beneath rubble mounds near the Persian Gulf, the city that the Bible states was where Abraham was born?
Ur
80
Archaeologists learned that people in the plains near the Persian Gulf had already learned to shape bricks from clay and build houses and temples by what year?
3100 BC
81
What did people discover inscribed in clay tablets?
Cuneiform
82
Into what did the Mesopotamians inscribe their signs?
Soft clay
83
What did the Epic of Gilgamesh describe his battles against?
monsters and dragons
84
With thanks to recorded business dealings, who do historians know were great traders in Mesopotamia?
Sumerians
85
Which Mesopotamian ruler left a long and important inscription engraved in stone?
Hammurabi
86
When did King Hammurabi live?
1700 BC
87
The planet Mars is named after the god of what?
War
88
The planet Venus is named after the goddess of what?
love
89
What was NOT on the pictures did the Babylonians and Assyrians not portray in their statues?
Warriors praying for victory
90
In which of the following ways were the Babylonians and Assyrians kings not portrayed in their statues?
They sat upon jeweled thrones
91
To which gods and goddess did the Babylonians and Assyrians make sacrifices?
Baal, the sun god, or to the moon goddess Ishtar or Astarte."
92
Which ancient Mesopotamian cultures observed the stars and gave names to constellations?
The Babylonians and the Assyrians
93
What is the name of the tall, broad towers that the Sumerians and Babylonians built to be nearer to the stars?
Ziggurats
94
Which of the following qualities is not attributed to the Babylonian and Sumerian strange buildings?
At the very top was a temple dedicated to the Nebuchadnezzar, or one of the other Mesopotamian rulers
95
What were Nebuchadnezzar's "truly greatest deeds"?
His digging of huge canals and water cisterns
96
Against whom did Nebuchadnezzar fight and bring home a vast number of foreign captives as slaves?
Egypt
97
Part 2 of the Babylon story idk the title D:
:c
98
Mesopotamia resided between which two rivers?
The Tigris and the Euphrates
99
Which of the following two cities existed in Mesopotamia?
Babylon and Nineveh
100
Which quality do historians and archaeologists not think demonstrates a culture?
Palaces and visitors
101
Which of the following items was not discovered in the burial sites at Ur?
Magnificent harps decorated with lions' heads
102
Archaeologists learned that people in the plains near the Persian Gulf had already learned to shape bricks from clay and build houses and temples by what year?
3100 BC
103
What did the Epic of Gilgamesh describe his battles against?
Monsters and dragons
104
Which Mesopotamian ruler left a long and important inscription engraved in stone?
Hammurabi
105
When did King Hammurabi live?
So it is worth remembering when King Hammurabi lived: around 1700 BC, that is some 3700 years ago.
106
Which of the following pictures did the Babylonians and Assyrians portray in their statues?
"Most of their statues and reliefs show kings out hunting or inspecting kneeling captives bound in chains, or foreign tribes-people fleeing before the wheels of their chariots, and warriors attacking fortresses."
107
In which of the following ways were the Babylonians and Assyrians kings not portrayed in their statues?
They looked forlorn
108
To which gods and goddess did the Babylonians and Assyrians make sacrifices?
Baal and Ishtar
109
Which ancient Mesopotamian cultures observed the stars and gave names to constellations?
the Babylonians and the Assyrians
110
What is the name of the tall, broad towers that the Sumerians and Babylonians built to be nearer to the stars?
ziggurats
111
Which of the following qualities is not attributed to the Babylonian and Sumerian strange buildings?
Sturdy columns that upheld ornate balconies where priests stood
112
What were Nebuchadnezzar's "truly greatest deeds"?
his truly greatest deeds were not his wars: he had huge canals and water cisterns dug in order to retain the water and irrigate the land so that it became rich and fertile
113
Against whom did Nebuchadnezzar fight and bring home a vast number of foreign captives as slaves?
The last great Babylonian king was Nebuchadnezzar. He lived around 600 BC and is remembered for his feats of war. He fought against Egypt and brought a vast number of foreign captives home to Babylon as slaves.
114
115
Where was the Jewish Civilization located in ancient times?
Between Egypt and Mesopotamia
116
The Jewish people were first conquered and ruled by the __________, and then the __________ would invade.
First it would be conquered and ruled by the Egyptians, and then the Babylonians would invade
117
What is a "monotheistic herdsman"?
Monotheism: The doctrine or belief that there is only one God.
Herdsman: A man who herds, tends, or manages livestock.
118
In what way did the Ancient Jews make history rather than being part of history?
They didn’t just become part of history, they made history—and by that I mean they shaped the course of all history to come. And this special something was their religion."
119
Which of the following would the Ancient Jews not describe their God as creating?
Songs and stories
120
Complete the Sentiment: The Ancient Jewish God "was he who raged furiously against them in the storm, but he never __________."
Abandoned his people
121
Complete the Sentiment: "And the songs of their deeds, which were the deeds of their god, are the __________."
The Old Testament of the Bible
122
Where is the story of Abraham located, and where is Abraham from?
Genesis, Ur
123
Abraham was probably alive at the same time as whom?
King Hammurabi
124
Name This Biblical Story: "God was angry at their pride and stopped them ... by making them all speak different languages so that they could no longer understand one another."
The Tower of Babel
125
What is the Tower of Babel about?
Babylonian ziggurats
126
Which biblical figure was sold yet became a counselor and minister to the pharaoh?
Joseph, Son of Jacob
127
Name the Biblical Book: "And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor: and they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in mortar and in brick…"
Exodus
128
"In the end, __________ led [the Jews] out of Egypt into the desert ... From there they tried to win back the promised land—that is, the land in which their ancestors had lived since the time of Abraham."
Moses
129
And finally, after long, cruel, and bloody battles, they succeeded. So now they had their own small kingdom, with its capital: __________."
Jerusalem
130
The Jews' "first king was __________, who fought against a neighboring tribe, the __________, and died on the battlefield."
Their first king was Saul, who fought against a neighboring tribe, the Philistines, and died on the battlefield."
131
"__________ was a wise and just king who ruled soon after 1000 BC" and who "built the first Temple of Jerusalem."
Solomon
132
What was found at the innermost part of the Jewish temple?
the tablets of the Laws with their Ten Commandments
133
What were the names of the two kingdoms that arose after Solomon's reign?
"After Solomon’s reign things went less well for the Jews. Their kingdom split in two: the kingdom of Israel and the kingdom of Judah."
134
Choose the vocabulary that best fits. These people who __________ to their flocks eventually sang of a better and stronger and more __________ god whom they worshiped.
tended, exalted
135
Choose the vocabulary that best fits: "Nowhere else will you find so many stories about ancient times so __________ told" because of how clear and intense the storytelling is.
Vividly
136
Choose the vocabulary that best fits: Deep inside the __________ temples, there were images of other gods, and through the word of the Jewish people's __________, they heard again and again about their own suffering.
heathen, prophets
137
Choose the vocabulary that best fits: "And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with __________: and they made their lives __________ with hard __________."
rigor, bitter, bondage
138
In the book of __________, Moses leads his people out of Egypt into the desert.
Exodus
139
Which of the following things did King Nebuchadnezzar not do?
Destroyed the city of Judah
140
141
142
Where was the Jewish Civilization located in ancient times?
"Between Egypt and Mesopotamia
143
The Jewish people were first conquered and ruled by the __________, and then the __________ would invade.
Egyptians, Babylonians
144
What is a "monotheistic herdsman"?
A person who herds animals and believes in one god
145
In what way did the Ancient Jews make history rather than being part of history?
Through their religion
146
Which of the following would the Ancient Jews not describe their God as creating?
Songs and stories
147
147
Complete the Sentiment: The Ancient Jewish God "was he who raged furiously against them in the storm, but he never __________."
It was he who raged furiously against them in the storm, but he never abandoned his people."
148
