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Psychology Human Lifespan Development > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is human development?

A

The multidisciplinary study of how humans change and remain the same over time.

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2
Q

Nature

A

things acquired by genetic or hereditary influences

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3
Q

Nurture

A

Things that are influenced by the environment we live in

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4
Q

What is development?

A

a process of growth and change

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5
Q

What is continuity?

A

development is a continuous process that is gradual and cumulative.

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6
Q

What is discontinuity?

A

The belief that people through stages of life are qualitatively different from each other.

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7
Q

Is development multi-cultural?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What is universal development?

A

do all children develop the same way regardless of culture?

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9
Q

What is context-specific development?

A

are the aspects of a child’s life directly affected by their culture?

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10
Q

What did Hippocrates say about the biomedical model?

A

the body is a machine and that form of machinery that can be fixed by medical doctors

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11
Q

What did Hippocrates say about the mind and body?

A

The mind and body are separate entities that do not interrelate.

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12
Q

What did the biomedical model say about mental disorders?

A

Mental disorders are brain diseases.

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13
Q

What did the biomedical model emphasize?

A

it emphasizes the pharmacological treatments to target biological abnormalities which dominated the American Healthcare system for more than 3 decades.

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14
Q

What does the biopsychosocial model consist of?

A

Biological, psychological, and sociological.

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15
Q

What does the biological portion include?

A

age, gender, genetics, physiological reactions, tissue health

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16
Q

What does the psychological portion include?

A

mental health, emotional health

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17
Q

What does the sociological portion include?

A

interpersonal relationships, social support dynamics, and socioeconomics.

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18
Q

Who created the psychodynamic theory?

A

Sigmund Freud

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19
Q

Who played a huge role in the finding of psychoanalysis and was joseph brewers patient?

A

Anna O

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20
Q

What are the levels of the psychodynamic theory?

A

ID, Ego, and Super ego

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21
Q

What is ID?

A

unconscious source of primitive, sexual dependency, and aggressive impulses

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22
Q

What is Ego?

A

Mediates between the unrealistic ID and the external real world. It is the decision making component of personality

23
Q

What is Super Ego?

A

Based on morals judgements (reasoning)

24
Q

Who created the psychological theory?

A

Erik Erickson

25
Q

What did Erik erikson believe?

A

Believed that personality develops in a predetermined order through eight stages of psychosocial development from infancy to adulthood.

26
Q

Who created the social learning theory? What experiment did he conduct?

A

Albert Bandura canadian born. Bobo doll

27
Q

Who thought the lifespan perspective development is multi-directional?

A

Paul Bates

28
Q

Is it true that Paul bates thought that people continue to develop throughout their lives, and that no age period dominates development occurs through all periods of life.

A

yes

29
Q

What are genes?

A

they carry the information that determines our physical traits.

30
Q

What are the three layers of a blastocyst?

A

Ectoderm, endoderm, adn mesoderm.

31
Q

What are the stages of labor?

A
  1. dilation, 2. delivery, 3. afterbirth, 4. recovery
32
Q

What is the rooting reflex?

A

It helps your baby find the breast or bottle to begin feeding goes away in 4 months

33
Q

What is the Moro Reflex?

A

causes your baby to extend their arms, legs, and fingers, and arch when startled by the feeling of falling, a loud noise, or other environmental stimuli

34
Q

What is the sucking reflex?

A

A key newborn, especially when paired with the rooting reflex as it enables babies to eat instinctively. Around 2-3 months it will transitions to a conscious effort

35
Q

What is the stepping reflux?

A

It allows your baby to put on foot in front of the other when you place their feet on a flat surface.

36
Q

What is Palmer’s grasp?

A

Makes babies grab onto things, allowing your baby to “hold” your hand or most likely your finger. Disappears after 5-6 months

37
Q

What is Bobinski Reflex?

A

A doctor will stroke the bottom of your babies start at heel and work it forwards. babies toe will extend upwards away from foot.

38
Q

What is plantar grasp?

A

When you stimulate the bottoms of your baby’s feet and their toes curl in

39
Q

What is the crawling reflex?

A

If your baby is paced on their stomach, the will pull their legs under their body and kick them out in a craving motion goes away 3-4 months

40
Q

What is the Apgar scale?

A

a scale 1-10 when bay first born made by Virginia Apgar.

41
Q

What is the NBAS?

A

brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale and its a guide for parents.

42
Q

What is SIDS?

A

Unexpected, unexplained death of an infant than a year old.

43
Q

What are fine motor skills?

A

Movements we make with the small muscles of the hands

44
Q

What are gross motor skills?

A

involves the larger, stronger muscle group of the body.

45
Q

What are gross motor skills between 3-6 months?

A

Randomly move arms and legs, hands near eyes and touch mouth. weight on stomach hold head up and move it.

46
Q

What are the gross motor skills between 9-12 months?

A

start rolling back to front, sit by themselves, pivot and creep on stomach, standing stiff legged

47
Q

What did Jean Piaget do?

A

Suggested that the way children think is fundamentally different from the way adults think

48
Q

What is schema?

A

A cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information.

49
Q

What is assimilation?

A

The process of applying the schema we already possess to understand something new

50
Q

What is accommodation?

A

The process of changing an existing schema or creating a new one because new information doesn’t fit the schemas one already has

51
Q

What are the two equilibriums?

A

Disequilibrium and equilibrium

52
Q

What are piagets stages of cognitive development?

A

sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years
Preoperational: 2-7
Concrete operational: 7-11
Formal operational 12-up

53
Q

What is the sensorimotor stage?

A

a time of tremendous growth and change

54
Q

What is object permanence?

A

a child’s understanding that objects continue to exist even though they cannot be seen or heard.

Psychology Human Lifespan Development (1 decks)

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