Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is Church History

A

the story of mankind confessing our faith

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2
Q

What does Church History deal with

A

Humans
Context
Institutions
Movements

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3
Q

What does Historical Theology deal with

A

Development of doctrine

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4
Q

Tradition

A

the living faith of the dead; handed down

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5
Q

Traditionalism

A

the dead faith of the living

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6
Q

What are the different church ages

A

The Age of the Reformation (1517-1648)

The Age of Reason and Revival (1648-1789)

The Age of Progress (1789-1914)

The Age of Ideologies (1914-1989)

The Age of Global Expansion and Relocation (1990- )

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7
Q

What were the different Protestant Reformations?

A

Lutheran (Germany)

Reformed (Swiss with Zwingli)

English (England; Lutheran and Reformed thinkers)

Anabaptist (Swiss; came out of reformed tradition)

Catholic (Anti) Reformation

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8
Q

Curialism

A

Center of all power should reside in the Papacy
Church has absolute power over the state
Infallibility of church and Pope
Salvation is only found in the Pope

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9
Q

Conciliarism

A

Universal Church vs. Roman Church
Who runs each? Jesus and the Pope respectively
Appreciates the Pope’s authority in his proper sphere
Church councils can check papal authority

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10
Q

Spiritual Franciscans

A

Vows of poverty

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11
Q

Waldensians

A

Primitivism (Purity/First Principles)
Going back to Acts ideals

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12
Q

What was John Wycliffe’s legacy?

A

Bible translation into English
Centrality of preaching
Followers called lollards

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13
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “The Truth of the Holy Scripture”

A

Bible is the only source of Christian doctrine; all Christians should read it

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14
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “On the Church”

A

The Church is invisible; Jesus is its head
Authority rests solely with Jesus
Pope is the head of the visible, outward, mixed (sinners and saved) church

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15
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “The Power of the Pope, 1379”

A

The Papacy is a human invention

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16
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “On the Eucharist”

A

Affirms Christ’s presence in the Supper while rejecting transubstantiation

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17
Q

Scholasticism

A

Theology of the schools

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18
Q

Theological shifts in Scholasticism

A

Being -> Will
Metaphysics ->Metahistory
Ontological -> Logical

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19
Q

Mysticism

A

Basic spirituality; How do we get to God?

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20
Q

Humanism

A

Method of learning rooted in the recovery and study of ancient (classical) sources
Desiderius Erasmus - Prince of the Humanists

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21
Q

What was the via moderna of Luther’s day?

A

Nominalism

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22
Q

Who was Luther’s mentor?

A

Johannes Von Staupitz

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23
Q

Why was Luther attracted to the Augustinian monks?

A

their emphasis on personal piety and the belief in God’s involvement in everyday life

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24
Q

What was Luther’s philosophy on University lectures?

A

Lectures should be edifying

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25
What was Luther's hermeneutic?
Twofold 1. Literal 2. Eschatological
26
Describe Luther's Anthropology
Man is entirely evil and incapable of getting to God on our own
27
What did philosopher did Luther famously hate?
No one can be a theologian with Aristotle
28
What did it mean for Luther to be a Professor of Theology
Bound to teach the Scriptures regardless of consequence Took an oath to uphold orthodoxy
29
Pennance
This sacrament exists to reckon with "mortal" sins committed after baptism
30
What are the 2 consequences of sin
Guilt Punishment
31
What are the 3 parts of pennance
Contrition - Contrition - sorrow for sin provoked from love of God Confession Satisfaction - good works to satisfy temporal punishment
32
What are indulgences?
Opportunity for the church to be indulgent and either reduce or remove the punishment one is due for the mortal sins they've committed
33
What are the 2 types of indulgences?
1. Partial - mediated by local bishops, lessening one's punishment by X amount 2. Full/Plenary - granted by the Pope himself, full remission of all one's temporal punishment for all sins committed up to that point
34
What initiated the controversy between Luther and Rome?
Pennance
35
What was the big problem with indulgences?
Indulgences reinforced a false understanding of what man's problem truly is. Indulgences were bad insurance
36
Theologian of Glory
prizes human reason and performance
37
Theologian of the Cross
calls a thing what it is
38
What heresy was Luther convicted of?
Contended that a church council could be wrong in saying that Hussites were Christians
39
What was the most important year of Luther's life?
1520
40
What was the main theme of the Invocavit Sermons
What do you do with your Christian liberty? Basics of Christian Life 1. Faith 2. Love
41
Musts vs Free
Free things have nothing to do with salvation; Matters pertaining to the conscience Eg. Marriage, meat, icons Musts are things that you must believe to be saved
42
Right to Speak vs. Power to Accomplish
Only the Word has the power to accomplish Luther and others trained only had the power to speak
43
What are the 2 kinds of people according to Luther?
1. Stiff Necked People who make free things musts In opposition we should declare our christian freedom boldly in spite of them 2. The Weak This is our opportunity to love Don't rush them on the free things but be accommodating
44
Purpose of the Smaller Catechism
Summary of the Christian life "Laypersons Bible"
45
Contents of the Smaller Catechism
10 Commandments Apostles Creed Lord's Prayer Sacraments Basic Household Instructions
46
Guidelines of the Smaller Catechism
Be CONSISTENT Be thorough Be expansive
47
Who is the "Third man of the Reformation"?
Ulrich Zwingli
48
How was Zwingli trained?
via antiqua of Thomas Aquinas Strongly shaped by humanism
49
How did Zwingli break with Rome?
Preaching directly from the Scriptures
50
What was the first Protestant State?
Zurich
51
What 2 big things were abolished in Zurich?
Church Images and the Mass
52
What does Anabaptist mean?
Re-baptizers
53
What did the Anabaptists call themselves?
The Brethren
54
Who were the initial leaders of the Anabaptists?
Felix Manz George Blaurock Conrad Grebel
55
What was Zwingli's view of Baptism?
Initiation and Identification Israel's seal was circumcision Church's seal is baptism
56
What's Zwingli's view of the Imago Dei?
Everyone is thirsting after God You really see the image of God when you see people really drink in the Word
57
What is the purpose of theological study according to Zwingi?
Faithful proclamation of the Word
58
What is the difference between "accidents" and "substance" in Aristotelian philosophy?
Accidents - characteristics; red wine, dry bread Substance - actual essence of the thing
59
Who were the 3 groups in the Eucharistic Controversy?
Lutherans Sacramentarians Anabaptists/Spiritualists
60
What were the 3 Reformers view on the Eucharist?
Luther - is means is Zwingli - is means signifies Calvin - is means my definition of is
61
Calvin received no formal theological training (T/F)
True
62
What work heavily influenced Calvin?
Seneca's De clementia