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church history 2 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Church History

A

the story of mankind confessing our faith

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2
Q

What does Church History deal with

A

Humans
Context
Institutions
Movements

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3
Q

What does Historical Theology deal with

A

Development of doctrine

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4
Q

Tradition

A

the living faith of the dead; handed down

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5
Q

Traditionalism

A

the dead faith of the living

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6
Q

What are the different church ages

A

The Age of the Reformation (1517-1648)

The Age of Reason and Revival (1648-1789)

The Age of Progress (1789-1914)

The Age of Ideologies (1914-1989)

The Age of Global Expansion and Relocation (1990- )

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7
Q

What were the different Protestant Reformations?

A

Lutheran (Germany)

Reformed (Swiss with Zwingli)

English (England; Lutheran and Reformed thinkers)

Anabaptist (Swiss; came out of reformed tradition)

Catholic (Anti) Reformation

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8
Q

Curialism

A

Center of all power should reside in the Papacy
Church has absolute power over the state
Infallibility of church and Pope
Salvation is only found in the Pope

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9
Q

Conciliarism

A

Universal Church vs. Roman Church
Who runs each? Jesus and the Pope respectively
Appreciates the Pope’s authority in his proper sphere
Church councils can check papal authority

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10
Q

Spiritual Franciscans

A

Vows of poverty

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11
Q

Waldensians

A

Primitivism (Purity/First Principles)
Going back to Acts ideals

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12
Q

What was John Wycliffe’s legacy?

A

Bible translation into English
Centrality of preaching
Followers called lollards

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13
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “The Truth of the Holy Scripture”

A

Bible is the only source of Christian doctrine; all Christians should read it

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14
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “On the Church”

A

The Church is invisible; Jesus is its head
Authority rests solely with Jesus
Pope is the head of the visible, outward, mixed (sinners and saved) church

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15
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “The Power of the Pope, 1379”

A

The Papacy is a human invention

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16
Q

John Wycliffe’s argument in “On the Eucharist”

A

Affirms Christ’s presence in the Supper while rejecting transubstantiation

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17
Q

Scholasticism

A

Theology of the schools

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18
Q

Theological shifts in Scholasticism

A

Being -> Will
Metaphysics ->Metahistory
Ontological -> Logical

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19
Q

Mysticism

A

Basic spirituality; How do we get to God?

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20
Q

Humanism

A

Method of learning rooted in the recovery and study of ancient (classical) sources
Desiderius Erasmus - Prince of the Humanists

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21
Q

What was the via moderna of Luther’s day?

A

Nominalism

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22
Q

Who was Luther’s mentor?

A

Johannes Von Staupitz

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23
Q

Why was Luther attracted to the Augustinian monks?

A

their emphasis on personal piety and the belief in God’s involvement in everyday life

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24
Q

What was Luther’s philosophy on University lectures?

A

Lectures should be edifying

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25
Q

What was Luther’s hermeneutic?

A

Twofold
1. Literal
2. Eschatological

26
Q

Describe Luther’s Anthropology

A

Man is entirely evil and incapable of getting to God on our own

27
Q

What did philosopher did Luther famously hate?

A

No one can be a theologian with Aristotle

28
Q

What did it mean for Luther to be a Professor of Theology

A

Bound to teach the Scriptures regardless of consequence
Took an oath to uphold orthodoxy

29
Q

Pennance

A

This sacrament exists to reckon with “mortal” sins committed after baptism

30
Q

What are the 2 consequences of sin

A

Guilt
Punishment

31
Q

What are the 3 parts of pennance

A

Contrition - Contrition - sorrow for sin provoked from love of God

Confession

Satisfaction - good works to satisfy temporal punishment

32
Q

What are indulgences?

A

Opportunity for the church to be indulgent and either reduce or remove the punishment one is due for the mortal sins they’ve committed

33
Q

What are the 2 types of indulgences?

A
  1. Partial - mediated by local bishops, lessening one’s punishment by X amount
  2. Full/Plenary - granted by the Pope himself, full remission of all one’s temporal punishment for all sins committed up to that point
34
Q

What initiated the controversy between Luther and Rome?

A

Pennance

35
Q

What was the big problem with indulgences?

A

Indulgences reinforced a false understanding of what man’s problem truly is. Indulgences were bad insurance

36
Q

Theologian of Glory

A

prizes human reason and performance

37
Q

Theologian of the Cross

A

calls a thing what it is

38
Q

What heresy was Luther convicted of?

A

Contended that a church council could be wrong in saying that Hussites were Christians

39
Q

What was the most important year of Luther’s life?

A

1520

40
Q

What was the main theme of the Invocavit Sermons

A

What do you do with your Christian liberty?
Basics of Christian Life
1. Faith
2. Love

41
Q

Musts vs Free

A

Free things have nothing to do with salvation; Matters pertaining to the conscience
Eg. Marriage, meat, icons

Musts are things that you must believe to be saved

42
Q

Right to Speak vs. Power to Accomplish

A

Only the Word has the power to accomplish

Luther and others trained only had the power to speak

43
Q

What are the 2 kinds of people according to Luther?

A
  1. Stiff Necked
    People who make free things musts
    In opposition we should declare our christian freedom boldly in spite of them
  2. The Weak
    This is our opportunity to love
    Don’t rush them on the free things but be accommodating
44
Q

Purpose of the Smaller Catechism

A

Summary of the Christian life
“Laypersons Bible”

45
Q

Contents of the Smaller Catechism

A

10 Commandments
Apostles Creed
Lord’s Prayer
Sacraments
Basic Household Instructions

46
Q

Guidelines of the Smaller Catechism

A

Be CONSISTENT
Be thorough
Be expansive

47
Q

Who is the “Third man of the Reformation”?

A

Ulrich Zwingli

48
Q

How was Zwingli trained?

A

via antiqua of Thomas Aquinas
Strongly shaped by humanism

49
Q

How did Zwingli break with Rome?

A

Preaching directly from the Scriptures

50
Q

What was the first Protestant State?

A

Zurich

51
Q

What 2 big things were abolished in Zurich?

A

Church Images and the Mass

52
Q

What does Anabaptist mean?

A

Re-baptizers

53
Q

What did the Anabaptists call themselves?

A

The Brethren

54
Q

Who were the initial leaders of the Anabaptists?

A

Felix Manz
George Blaurock
Conrad Grebel

55
Q

What was Zwingli’s view of Baptism?

A

Initiation and Identification
Israel’s seal was circumcision
Church’s seal is baptism

56
Q

What’s Zwingli’s view of the Imago Dei?

A

Everyone is thirsting after God
You really see the image of God when you see people really drink in the Word

57
Q

What is the purpose of theological study according to Zwingi?

A

Faithful proclamation of the Word

58
Q

What is the difference between “accidents” and “substance” in Aristotelian philosophy?

A

Accidents - characteristics; red wine, dry bread

Substance - actual essence of the thing

59
Q

Who were the 3 groups in the Eucharistic Controversy?

A

Lutherans
Sacramentarians
Anabaptists/Spiritualists

60
Q

What were the 3 Reformers view on the Eucharist?

A

Luther - is means is
Zwingli - is means signifies
Calvin - is means my definition of is

61
Q

Calvin received no formal theological training (T/F)

A

True

62
Q

What work heavily influenced Calvin?

A

Seneca’s De clementia

church history 2 (2 decks)

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