MIDTERM Flashcards by mad bxnny

WHAT it is an energy emitted and transferred through matter and travels in the speed of light.

Radiation

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Radiation – it is an energy emitted and transferred through matter and travels in the

speed of light.

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SPEED OF LIGHT: can be measured by:

299792458 m / s
300,000 km/s
186,000 mi/s (miles)
3 x 10^8 m/s (S.I. unit)

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Is an art and science of recording x-ray images as
x-ray passed through an object and recorded on x-ray film

RADIOGRAPHY

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Is also know as X-ray film

IMAGE RECEPTOR

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Also known as INVISIBLE image

LATENT IMAGE

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Also known as VISIBLE image

MANIFEST IMAGE

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MANIFEST IMAGE: Also known as

VISIBLE image

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IMAGE RECEPTOR: Is also know as

X-ray film

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LATENT IMAGE: Also known as

INVISIBLE image

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is one of the most familiar forms of radiation.

Sunshine

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Sunshine is one of the most familiar forms OF WHAT

forms of radiation.

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A place where patient completes data gathered and schedule
for examination.

INFORMATION AREA OR RECEIVING AREA

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An area where the patient change their dress to laboratory
gown for examination.

DRESSING ROOM

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An area where the x-ray examination conducted.

EXPOSURE ROOM

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EXPOSURE ROOM
* An area where WHAT

the x-ray examination conducted.

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DIFFERENT AREAS IN RADIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT

INFORMATION AREA OR RECEIVING AREA
DRESSING ROOM
EXPOSURE ROOM

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A room where processing cycle of the exposed x-ray film
takes place.

DARK ROOM OR PROCESSING ROOM

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in DARK ROOM on what rank or level, The most important room in Radiology Department

SECOND important

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ININFORMATION AREA OR RECEIVING AREA
* A place where patient completes WHAT

Data gathered and schedule
for examination.

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An area where diagnostic report or findings were interpreted
or rule-out based on the patient request through radiologist

READING ROOM OR INTERPRETATION ROOM

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Radiograph was viewed by WHAT

Negatoscope or View Box

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READING ROOM OR INTERPRETATION ROOM
* An area where the patient request through radiologist.

diagnostic report or findings were interpreted
or rule-out based

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DARK ROOM OR PROCESSING ROOM
* A room where processing cycle of WHAT

the exposed x-ray film
takes place

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in DARK ROOM, Is a room ______ of white light in which the processing cycle takes place.

devoid

WHAT was viewed by the aid of Negatoscope or View Box

Radiograph

The most SECOND important room in Radiology Department.

DARK ROOM

is a room devoid of white light in which the processing cycle takes place.

DARK ROOM

in darkroom, Is a room of what

devoid of white light in which the processing cycle takes place.

IN GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM: LOCATION

must be adjacent (close or near) to the x-ray room.

in darkroom, A technologist can never hope to be a really good technologist unless he/she is a WHAT Because of the special importance of this room in the handling, processing and even flow of works, both general and detailed feature should be most thoughtfully worked out

a master of the darkroom and processing technique

WHAT ARE THE GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM

LOCATION: must be adjacent (close or near) to the x-ray room. * SIZE: 9.5 ft x 15 ft * VENTILATION: Humidity range must be 40% - 60% Temperature rate should be 19°C to 22°C * COLOR OF THE WALL: Dark color but not shiny * RADIATION PROOF * LIGHT PROOF * PROVIDED WITH ELECTRIC WIRING

IN DARKROOM, A technologist can never hope to be a really good technologist unless he/she is a master of the darkroom and processing technique. Because of the special importance of this room in the handling, processing and even flow of works, both general and detailed feature should be WHAT

most thoughtfully worked out

IN GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM: VENTILATION: Humidity range must be

40% - 60%

IN LAY OUT OF DARK ROOM The processing room should be WHAT

adjacent to the exposure room, and should have a source of electricity for operating of apparatus.

IN GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM: SIZE

9.5 ft x 15 ft

IN GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM: VENTILATION: Temperature rate should be

19°C to 22°C

The processing room should be adjacent to the exposure room, and should have a source of electricity for operating of apparatus.

LAY OUT OF DARK ROOM

IN GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE DARK ROOM: COLOR OF THE WALL

Dark color but not shiny

The entire processing procedure in one room is divided into TWO sections. WHAT ARE THOSE TWO

1. DRY SECTION 2. WET SECTION

WHAT minimum distance between these areas should be

4 feet

WHAT SHOULD distance between these areas should be 4 feet

A minimum distance

should be installed over the entrance to guard against unauthorized or inadvertent entry

Warning light

Warning light should be installed WHERE

installed over the entrance to guard against unauthorized or inadvertent entry

WHAT ARE TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS

1. SINGLE DOOR 2. LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR 3. LABYRINTH OR MAZE 4. REVOLVING DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS WHAT radiologic technologist are the only person who routinely utilizes the processing with an inside bolt or lock.

SINGLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS 1. SINGLE DOOR: The radiologic technologist are the WHAT

the only person who routinely utilizes the processing with an inside bolt or lock.

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS This type of entrance may be consisting of a small hall, with two doors.

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS This door is used to make sure that accident due to sudden opening of the door or the 1st door wont exposed anything inside the dark room.

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS The second door serves as a protection, safety and assurance.

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS Once the person is already inside the hall, the first door should be closed before opening the 2nd door entering the dark room.

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: This type of entrance may be consisting of a small hall, with HOW MANY doors

TWO

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: This type of entrance may be consisting of a small hall, with two doors. This door is used to make sure WHAT?

that accident due to sudden opening of the door or the 1st door wont exposed anything inside the dark room

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: Once the person is already inside the hall, the WHAT door should be CLOSED before opening the 2nd door entering the dark room.

1ST door

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: Once the person is already inside the hall, the 1ST door should be WHAT before opening the 2nd door entering the dark room.

CLOSED

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: Once the person is already inside the hall, the 1ST door should be CLOSED before opening the WHAT door entering the dark room.

2ND DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: The second door serves as WHAT

a protection, safety and assurance

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR CAN CAUSE TRAPPING

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS This is not provided with doors.

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR IS ONE LEADING IN AND OTHER OUT WITH A SHORT HALLWAY IN BETWEEN

LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LIGHT LOCK / DOUBLE DOOR: Once the person is already inside the hall, the 1ST door should be CLOSED before opening the 2nd door entering WHAT

the dark room.

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS It prevents the entrance of white light to the processing room, yet provides air circulation.

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS It requires, however at least twice as much floor space as a light lock.

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR HAS NO DOORS

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS The walls and the ceiling should be painted with dark and flat non-reflective paint and be illuminated by safe light. The walls and the ceiling should be painted with dark and flat non-reflective paint and be illuminated by safe light.

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR PEOPLE CAN ENTER AND EXIT AND ANY MOMENT

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR CAN TAKES UP TOO MUCH BUILDING SPACE

LABYRINTH OR MAZE

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LABYRINTH OR MAZE: This is not provided with WHAT

doors

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LABYRINTH OR MAZE It prevents WHAT

the entrance of white light to the processing room, yet provides air circulation.

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LABYRINTH OR MAZE It requires WHAT

however at least twice as much floor space as a light lock.

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LABYRINTH OR MAZE The walls and the ceiling should be painted with WHAT COLOR and flat non-reflective paint and be illuminated by safe light

with dark

IN TYPES OF DARK ROOM DOORS LABYRINTH OR MAZE The walls and the ceiling should be painted with dark and WHAT

and flat non-reflective paint and be illuminated by safe light

A TYPE OF DOOR THAT Is not being used anymore.

REVOLVING DOOR

SAFE LIGHT: Is design to give WHAT

enough visibility to accomplish all necessary duties in the handling and processing x-ray film without harmful effect to any unprocessed film

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR THAT IS THE MOST EFFICIENT BUT MOST ESPENSIVE TYPE

REVOLVING DOOR

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR COMPOSED OF TWO BLACK CYLINDERS

REVOLVING DOOR

WHAT ARE Different lights used in DARKROOM

1. White Light 2. SAFE LIGHT 3. WRATTEN 6B (AMBER) FILTER 4. GBX FILTER

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR THE OUTER IS FIXED

REVOLVING DOOR

WHAT Is design to give enough visibility to accomplish all necessary duties in the handling and processing x-ray film without harmful effect to any unprocessed film

SAFE LIGHT

IN White Light: Use to perform many activities, such as:

* Mixing chemicals * Cleaning tanks * Unloading film hangers

WHAT IS Different lights used in DARKROOM

ILLUMINATION

WHAT TYPE OF DOOR INNER IS THE REVOLVNG DOOR WITH ONLY ONE OPENING

REVOLVING DOOR

WHAT Is the recommended type of filter that the light produce is not in the same spectral range as the film sensitivity. (monochromatic)

WRATTEN 6B (AMBER) FILTER

A safe light consist of WHAT, that it does not fog the film / expose to it for reasonable handling period.

consist of all filter used in a lamp housing to provide light such as spectral quality and intensity

WRATTEN 6B (AMBER) FILTER: - Is WHAT that the light produce is not in the same spectral range as the film sensitivity. monochromatic)

Is the recommended type of filter

WRATTEN 6B (AMBER) FILTER: - Is the recommended type of filter that the light produce is not in the same spectral range as the film sensitivity. ALSO KNOWN AS

(monochromatic)

A safe light consist of all filter used in a lamp housing to provide light such as spectral quality and intensity, that it does not WHAT

it does not fog the film / expose to it for reasonable handling period.

WRATTEN 6B (AMBER) FILTER: - Is the recommended type of filter that WHAT the light produce

is not in the same spectral range as the film sensitivity. (monochromatic)

IN THE SOURCE, Distance of safelight from the working bench WHAT FEET

NOT less than 1.5 meters or 5 feet

filter used for blue-sensitive film. (orthochromatic

GBX FILTER

GBX FILTER: filter used for WHAT

blue-sensitive film. (orthochromatic

15 Watts, WHAT BULB is recommended which is widely used

tungsten bulb

IN SOURCE, * Therefore, distance of safelight from the floor is WHAT

2.5 meters.

FOR THE SOURCE, HOW MANY WATTS tungsten bulb is recommended which is widely used

15 Watts

IN DRY SECTION: This is the area in a darkroom where WHAT

loading and unloading of film and film holder takes place

This is the area in a darkroom where loading and unloading of film and film holder takes place

DRY SECTION

It contains an area for loading and unloading film holders.

LOADING BENCH

IN LOADING BENCH * It contains an area for WHAT .

loading and unloading film holders.

IN LOADING BENCH * The proper height of a loading bench for the average standing person is WHAT METER

3 Feet or 1 meter

The primary components of the dry section of the processing room.

LOADING BENCH

IN LOADING BENCH WHAT for the average standing person is 3 Feet or 1 meter

The proper height of a loading bench

IN LOADING BENCH * The depth is determined by the distance a person can easily reach on the surface without WHAT

without undue leaning or stretching, 24 inches is recommended.

IN LOADING BENCH * The maximum length of the working surface should WHAT

accommodate TWO (2) 14 x 17 inch cassette, end to end to permit unloading and reloading of two cassettes.

IN FILM BIN: It is customary (usual practice) to deep supply of opened x-ray film boxes sufficient for WHAT

immediate needs, located underneath the loading bench.

IN LOADING BENCH * The depth is determined by the distance a person can easily reach on the surface without undue leaning or stretching, WITH HOW MANY INCHES RECOMMENED

24 inches is recommended.

It is customary (usual practice) to deep supply of opened x-ray film boxes sufficient for immediate needs, located underneath the loading bench.

FILM BIN

IN FILM BIN: It is WHAT THAT, located underneath the loading bench.

It is customary (usual practice) to deep supply of opened x-ray film boxes sufficient for immediate needs

WHAT IS The ideal way to store cassette and film holders is in vertical compartment, so that they are readily accessible but not encroach (INTRUDE) on the working surface of the loading bench

STORAGE COMPARTMENT

IN STORAGE COMPARTMENT: The ideal way to store cassette and film holders is in WHAT POSITION compartment, so that they are readily accessible but not encroach (INTRUDE) on the working surface of the loading bench

vertical compartment

IN STORAGE COMPARTMENT: The ideal way to store cassette and film holders is in vertical compartment, so that they are WHAT

readily accessible but not encroach (INTRUDE) on the working surface of the loading bench

WHAT cabinet which you can store, different accessories used in processing such as: * A. Package chemicals * B. Mixing accessories * C. Towels and etc

STORAGE CABINET

STORAGE CABINET: A cabinet which you can store, different accessories used in processing such as:

* A. Package chemicals * B. Mixing accessories * C. Towels and etc

Is an opening to the exposure room that makes the cassette readily available to the technologist.

CASSETTE TRANSFER CABINET OR PASSBOX

VENTILATION: A well functioning darkroom should be no WHAT?

no odor

CASSETTE TRANSFER CABINET OR PASSBOX * Is an opening to the exposure room that makesWHAT

the cassette readily available to the technologist.

A well functioning darkroom should be no odor. Proper ventilation will also tend to reduce dust artefacts and improve processor operation.

VENTILATION

VENTILATION: A well functioning darkroom should be no odor. Proper ventilation will also tend to reduce WHAT

to reduce dust artefacts and improve processor operation.

VENTILATION: HAS ALWAYS WHAT ventilation inside the darkroom must be observed, for the help and efficiency of the Technologist in processing

Always satisfactory

IN VENTILATION Always satisfactory ventilation inside the darkroom mustWHAT

must be observed, for the help and efficiency of the Technologist in processing

This is the area in a darkroom where the processing of x-ray film takes place.

WET SECTION: This is the area in a darkroom where the processing of x-ray film takes place.

IN WET SECTION: This is the area in a darkroom where WHAT

the processing of x-ray film takes place.

WHAT ARE THE PROCESSING TANKS

MANUAL PROCESSING MASTER TANK INSERT TANK

Includes wetting, developing, rinsing, fixing, washing and drying of x-ray film. It should be done in an area separated from the loading bench.

MANUAL PROCESSING

IN MANUAL PROCESSING: IncludesWHAT? THAT It should be done in an area separated from the loading bench.

Includes wetting, developing, rinsing, fixing, washing and drying of x-ray film

MANUAL PROCESSING: Includes wetting, developing, rinsing, fixing, washing and drying of x-ray film. It should be done in an area separated from WHAT

the loading bench.

IN MANUAL PROCESSING This arrangement avoids WHAT

splashing of solution on screen, film and loading areas.

WHAT IS A PROCESSING IS A SERIES OF ACTIONS by which exposed xray field yields an image.

film processing (manual)

in processing a film, the sequnec of actions should be as follows:

a. mark the patient's name on the film b. develop the film c. rinse developer from the film d. fix the film e. wash the fixer from the film f. dry the film steps (a-d) must be carried out with only the (colored) safelights on)

Serve as water jackets to hold the insert tanks, and usually provides space between the insert tanks for rinsing and washing of films.

MASTER TANK

in MASTER TANK: Serve as WHAT to hold the insert tanks, and usually provides space between the insert tanks for rinsing and washing of films.

water jackets

IN MASTER TANK: Serve as water jackets to hold the WHAT , and usually provides space between the insert tanks for rinsing and washing of films.

insert tanks

IN MASTER TANK: Serve as water jackets to hold the insert tanks, and usually provides WHAT

space between the insert tanks for rinsing and washing of films.

It is removable container for individual processing solution and are placed in the water jacket of a master tank

INSERT TANK

IN INSERT TANK: It is removable container forWHAT and are placed in the water jacket of a master tank

for individual processing solution

IN INSERT TANK: It is removable container for individual processing solution and are placed inWHAT

in the water jacket of a master tank

It holds the x-ray film during processing procedure. It consists of cross bar and right frame which are attached four clips, two of which are mounted on a bow spring welded to the cross bar.

SHEET FILM HANGER

IN SHEET FILM HANGER: It holds the WHAT during processing procedure. It consists of cross bar and right frame which are attached four clips, two of which are mounted on a bow spring welded to the cross bar.

the x-ray film

SHEET FILM HANGER: It holds the x-ray film during processing procedure. It consists of WHAT, two of which are mounted on a bow spring welded to the cross bar.

cross bar and right frame which are attached four clips

SHEET FILM HANGER: It holds the x-ray film during processing procedure. It consists of cross bar and right frame which are attached four clips, WHICH are mounted on a WHAT

two of which are mounted on a bow spring welded to the cross bar.

Used in dental clinics, consist of a bar to which are attached the film clips

DENTAL FIM HANGER

IN DENTAL FIM HANGER: Used in WHERE, consist of a bar to which are attached the film clips

dental clinics

IN DENTAL FIM HANGER: Used in dental clinics, consist of WHAT

consist of a bar to which are attached the film clips

Where it is necessary to process 10 mm roll film for photo fluorography or various widths of cardiography film paper.

ROLL FILM HANGER

IN ROLL FILM HANGER: Where it is necessary to process HOW MM OF ROLL FILM for photo fluorography or various widths of cardiography film paper.

10 mm roll film

IN ROLL FILM HANGER: Where it is necessary to process 10 mm roll film for WHAT.

for photo fluorography or various widths of cardiography film paper.

IN LABORATORY APRON: A waterproof apron should be WHAT to prevent solution stains on uniform and other clothing

worn during processing operation

A waterproof apron should be worn during processing operation to prevent solution stains on uniform and other clothing

LABORATORY APRON

IN LABORATORY APRON: A waterproof apron should be worn during processing operation to prevent WHAT

to prevent solution stains on uniform and other clothing

Processing of radiographs requires an accurate check on the temperature of the solution to maintain at all times, by using of an accurate WHAT

THERMOMETER

IN THERMOMETER: Processing of radiographs requires a WHAT FOR the solution to maintain at all times, by using of an accurate thermometer.

accurate check on the temperature

IN THERMOMETER: Processing of radiographs requires an accurate check on the temperature of the solution to maintain at all times, by using of WHAT

an accurate thermometer.

IN THERMOMETER: Processing of radiographs requires an accurate check on the temperature of the solution to WHAT, by using of an accurate thermometer.

maintain at all times

IN THERMOMETER: The optimum temperature of WHAT is recommended by the American Standard Association.

20°C or 68°F

IN THERMOMETER The optimum temperature of 20°C or 68oF is recommended by WHAT Association.

American Standard Association.

Are essential tools in any hospital, diagnostic center, research and development laboratory. They work to remove moisture from the air, which can help prevent the spread of infections and other health concerns.

DEHUMIDIFIER

IN DEHUMIDIFIER: Are essential tools in any hospital, diagnostic center, research and development laboratory. They work to WHAT, which can help prevent the spread of infections and other health concerns.

to remove moisture from the air,

IN DEHUMIDIFIER: Are essential tools in any hospital, diagnostic center, research and development laboratory. They work to remove moisture from the air, which can help prevent WHAT

the spread of infections and other health concerns

IN DEHUMIDIFIER: A dehumidifier removes water from the air in the facility until relative humidity is reduced to the level you choose. Once it has reached this level, a good dehumidifier should automatically maintain HOW MANY PERCENT OF READING humidity in the facility to make sure that every parts/device of the machine is safe and to prevent any incident/accident in the facility

maintain 60% (max reading)

IN DEHUMIDIFIER: A dehumidifier removes WHAT in the facility until relative humidity is reduced to the level you choose. Once it has reached this level, a good dehumidifier should automatically maintain 60% (max reading) humidity in the facility to make sure that every parts/device of the machine is safe and to prevent any incident/accident in the facility

removes water from the air

IN DEHUMIDIFIER A dehumidifier removes water from the air in the facility until relative humidity is reduced to the level you choose. Once it has reached this level, a good dehumidifier should automatically maintain 60% (max reading) humidity in the facility to make sure WHAT

that every parts/device of the machine is safe and to prevent any incident/accident in the facility

Instrument used to measure the humidity, or amount of water vapor in the air.

HYGROMETER

IN HYGROMETER: Instrument used to measure WHAT, or amount of water vapor in the air.

measure the humidity

IN HYGROMETER: This device is excellent for detecting water vapor in soil, air, or any other WHAT place. This is a particularly helpful tool for monitoring humidity

confined place

IN HYGROMETER: This device is excellent for detecting water vapor in soil, air, or any other confined place. This is a particularly helpful tool for WHAT

monitoring humidity

IN HYGROMETER: In an x-ray facility, HOW PERCENT FOR HUMDITY reading is the maximum limit, once the limit is reach, corrective action must be applied

60% in humidity reading

IN HYGROMETER: In an x-ray facility, 60% in humidity reading is the WHAT limit, once the limit is reach, corrective action must be applied

maximum limit

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * Darkroom should WHAT, the doors and outlet must be lightproof and all safelight filters must be in good condition.

exclude all white light

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * Darkroom should be WHAT with relation to the radiographic rooms.

centrally located

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * Darkroom should exclude all white light, the doors and outlet must be WHAT and all safelight filters must be in good condition.

lightproof

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * A method of entrance into the darkroom should be constructed with WHAT type of doors.

either maze or labyrinth type of doors

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * The size of darkroom will vary with the condition of WHAT. One must realize that there should be adequate space to all necessary equipment for good darkroom operation.

operations and the size of the department

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * The size of darkroom will vary with the condition of operations and the size of the department. One must realize that there should be WHAT

should be adequate space to all necessary equipment for good darkroom operation

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * A good darkroom WHAT, a view box by which used to inspect radiograph and over head or general illumination to be used when the darkroom need to be clean

should be properly illuminated with various type of lighting, including a proper safelight

IN Characteristic of a Good Dark Room * A good darkroom should be properly illuminated with various type of lighting, including

including a proper safelight, a view box by which used to inspect radiograph and over head or general illumination to be used when the darkroom need to be clean

Dark Room Cleanliness * Test Frequency –

Weekly

IN Dark Room Cleanliness WHAT in the darkroom can result in artifacts in the radiographic image. A clean darkroom reduces artifacts and the amount of effort required for cleaning the cassettes and screens.

Dust or dirt

The darkroom is a major source of problems in any radiographic facility. Dust or dirt in the darkroom can result in artifacts in the radiographic image. A clean darkroom reduces artifacts and the amount of effort required for cleaning the cassettes and screens.

Dark Room Cleanliness

IN Dark Room Cleanliness Dust or dirt in the darkroom can result in artifacts in the radiographic image. A clean darkroom reduces WHATand the amount of effort required for cleaning the cassettes and screens.

reduces artifacts

IN Dark Room Cleanliness Dust or dirt in the darkroom can result in artifacts in the radiographic image. A clean darkroom reduces artifacts and the amount of effort required for WHAT

cleaning the cassettes and screens.

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 2. The counter top used for loading and unloading the cassettes should WHAT

should be clear of unnecessary items

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 3. WHATmakes cleaning more difficult and provides a place for dust and dirt to accumulate.

Clutter (untidily)

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 5. The ceiling of the darkroom should be constructed of a WHAT.

solid material such as drywall

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 5. The ceiling of the darkroom should be constructed of a solid material such as drywall. WHAT, often set in metal channels, allow dust and dirt to shift through the ceiling and fall on the surfaces used for handling cassettes. In addition, light can often enter the darkroom through such tiles, resulting in fog on the radiographic film.

Ceiling tiles

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 6. The heating and air conditioning vents should WHAT the room over the counter used for handling cassettes.

should not enter

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 7. Cassettes stored on the floor will accumulate dust that may be carried into the darkroom. Cassettes should WHAT between exposure and being taken into the darkroom for processing.

should not be placed on the floor

IN DARKROOM CLEANLINESS, Equipment Required (Note! This test is WHAT for the Polaroid Instant film System.) Records: None required

not required for the Polaroid Instant film System.

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 8. The pass box, if present, should be cleaned HOW MANY DAYS to prevent dust and dirt from being introduced into the darkroom

every day

IN DARKROOM CLEANLINESS, Equipment Required Records: IS WHAT

None required

IN The following are some tips on darkroom maintenance: * 5. The ceiling of the darkroom should be constructed of a solid material such as drywall. Ceiling tiles, often set in metal channels, allow WHAT. In addition, light can often enter the darkroom through such tiles, resulting in fog on the radiographic film.

dust and dirt to shift through the ceiling and fall on the surfaces used for handling cassettes

IN DARKROOM CLEANLINESS, Equipment Required (Note! This test is not required for WHAT) Records: None required

the Polaroid Instant film System

it is used in the context of quality assurance or quality control, it refer to ensure that the images obtained from test films are not affected by issues such as artifacts, unintended exposure, or contamination from other sources. in this sense would mean that the test films provide accurate and reliable information about the imaging system's performance

in Crossover in Quality Assurance "control film crossover"

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: If the term "control film crossover" it is used in the context of quality assurance or quality control, it refer to ensure that WHAT?

to ensure that the images obtained from test films are not affected by issues such as artifacts, unintended exposure, or contamination from other sources

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: Crossover in this sense would mean that the test films provide WHAT

accurate and reliable information about the imaging system's performance

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: Radiographic film is manufactured in ________.

BATCHES

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: Radiographic film is manufactured in batches. Consequently, there may be WHAT? in the film characteristics between batches

slight variations

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: WHAT can affect the sensitometric characteristics of the film

FILM AGING AND STORAGE

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: This means that the WHAT ARE THE values may not be the same between the two batches of film.

the MD, HD, LD and DD values

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: FILM AGING AND STORAGE can affect the sensitometric characteristics of the film. This means that the MD, HD, LD and DD values may WHAT?.

may not be the same between the two batches of film.

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: * Changes in these density levels may cause the processor TO WHAT?.

to appear to be operating out of tolerances when it is not

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: When the number of films in the QC box is low and another box with the same emulsion batch number is not available, WHAT is needed.

a crossover to a new box of film is needed

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: WHAT is performed when the emulsion batch number of the QC film (not the clinical film) changes.

Crossover

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: When the number of films in the QC box is low and another box with the same emulsion batch number is not available, a crossover to a new box of film is needed. Crossover is performed when the emulsion batch number of the QC film (not the WHAT?) changes.

clinical film

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: * NOTE: Facilities using the same box of film for both QC testing and clinical imaging must WHAT? procedure while 5 sheets of film remain. Crossover must be performed each time QC film with a different emulsion batch number is purchased.

must perform crossover

in Crossover in Quality Assurance: * NOTE: Facilities using the same box of film for both QC testing and clinical imaging must perform crossover procedure while 5 sheets of film remain. Crossover must WHAT?

must be performed each time QC film with a different emulsion batch number is purchased.

IN Crossover in Quality Assurance: * NOTE: The facility must plan ahead. If there are no five sheets of the old QC film available to perform a cross-over, it will be necessary to WHAT?

to re-establish the operating limits (Procedure 2A Establish Processor Operating Levels and Control Limits).

WHAT ARE THE Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover

Sensitometer Densitometer Five sheets of film from old control film Fresh Box of control film. Form 1 Processor Quality Control Chart Form 3 Crossover Data Sheet Digital thermometer accurate to at least " 0.5o F

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 1. While you have at least five sheets of the old QC film remaining, select a new box of QC film and WHAT?

label it for QC purposes only

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 2. The chemicals in the processor should be WHAT?. A crossover procedure cannot be performed immediately after routine preventative processor maintenance. Ensure that the processor is operating within the ± 0.10 control limits.

seasoned

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 2. The chemicals in the processor should be seasoned. A crossover WHAT? after routine preventative processor maintenance. Ensure that the processor is operating within the ± 0.10 control limits.

cannot be performed immediately

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 2. The chemicals in the processor should be seasoned. A crossover procedure cannot be performed immediately after routine preventative processor maintenance. Ensure that the processor is operating within WHAT?

within the ± 0.10 control limits.

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 3. Turn on sensitometer and follow manufacturer’s instructions for warm up. Ensure glass surface of sensitometer is clean. If necessary clean with a small amount of glass cleaner and allow WHAT?. Be sure sensitometer is set to the proper light, blue or green, to match the film being used

allow drying before using

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 3. Turn on sensitometer and follow manufacturer’s instructions for warm up. Ensure glass surface of sensitometer is clean. If necessary clean with a small amount of glass cleaner and allow drying before using. Be sure sensitometer is set to WHAT?

proper light, blue or green, to match the film being used

PARTS OF THE SENSITOMEER WITH THE STEP WEDGE

COVER WITH FOAM TO ENSURE GOOD FILM-WEDGE CONTACT OPTICAL STEP WEDGE PULSED STROBOSPIC LIGHT

WHAT IS AN INSTRUMENT DESIGNED TO EXPOSE A REPRODUCICLE, UNIFORM, OPTICAL STEP-WEDGE PATTERN ONTO A FILM

SENSITOMETER

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 4. At the same time that processor QC is normally performed, Expose and immediately WHAT? and five sensitometric control strips from the new QC box of film alternating between the two emulsion batches. When completed you will have 10 sensitometric strips

process five sensitometric control strips from the old box of QC film

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 4. At the same time that processor QC is normally performed, Expose and immediately process five sensitometric control strips from the old box of QC film and five sensitometric control strips from the WHAT?. When completed you will have 10 sensitometric strips

the new QC box of film alternating between the two emulsion batches

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 4. At the same time that processor QC is normally performed, Expose and immediately process five sensitometric control strips from the old box of QC film and five sensitometric control strips from the new QC box of film alternating between the two emulsion batches. When completed you will have WHAT?

sensitometric strips

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 5. Turn on the densitometer and follow manufacturer’s procedures for warm up. Follow manufacturer’s procedure to HOW MANY WHAT the densitometer. This is usually done by holding down the optical sensory arm and pressing the NULL button until 0.00 is displayed. The densitometer must be zeroed before each use. The densitometer must be calibrated before each use by using the calibration tablet supplied by the manufacturer. If the densitometer has several aperture sizes, use the 2mm aperture.

ZERO

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 5. Turn on the densitometer and follow manufacturer’s procedures for warm up. Follow manufacturer’s procedure to zero the densitometer. This is usually done by holding down the optical sensory arm and pressing the what? button until 0.00 is displayed. The densitometer must be zeroed before each use. The densitometer must be calibrated before each use by using the calibration tablet supplied by the manufacturer. If the densitometer has several aperture sizes, use the 2mm aperture.

NULL button

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 5. Turn on the densitometer and follow manufacturer’s procedures for warm up. Follow manufacturer’s procedure to zero the densitometer. This is usually done by holding down the optical sensory arm and pressing the NULL button until WHAT?. The densitometer must be zeroed before each use. The densitometer must be calibrated before each use by using the calibration tablet supplied by the manufacturer. If the densitometer has several aperture sizes, use the 2mm aperture.

0.00 is displayed

must be zeroed before each use

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 5. Turn on the densitometer and follow manufacturer’s procedures for warm up. Follow manufacturer’s procedure to zero the densitometer. This is usually done by holding down the optical sensory arm and pressing the NULL button until 0.00 is displayed. The densitometer must be zeroed before each use. The densitometer must be calibrated before each use by using the calibration tablet supplied by the WHAT? . If the densitometer has several aperture sizes, use the 2mm aperture.

manufacturer

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 5. Turn on the densitometer and follow manufacturer’s procedures for warm up. Follow manufacturer’s procedure to zero the densitometer. This is usually done by holding down the optical sensory arm and pressing the NULL button until 0.00 is displayed. The densitometer must be zeroed before each use. The densitometer must be calibrated before each use by using the calibration tablet supplied by the manufacturer. If the densitometer has several aperture sizes, use the WHAT?

2mm aperture

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 6. For the five strips from the WHAT? batch read the densities of the steps. Operating Levels and Control Limits, for MD, HD and LD and the base + fog. You should write the densities and the date on the film with permanent marker.

old emulsion

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 6. For the five strips from the old emulsion batch read the densities of the steps. Operating Levels and Control Limits, for MD, HD and LD and the base + fog. You should write the densities and the date on the film with WHAT?

permanent marker

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 6. For the five strips from the old emulsion batch read the densities of the steps. WHAT Levels and Limits, for MD, HD and LD and the base + fog. You should write the densities and the date on the film with permanent marker.

Operating Levels and Control Limits

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 6. For the five strips from the old emulsion batch read the densities of the steps. Operating Levels and Control Limits, for WHAT?. You should write the densities and the date on the film with permanent marker.

MD, HD and LD and the base + fog

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 7. Determine the Density Difference (DD) of the old QC film by WHAT?

by subtracting the average density of the LD step from the average density of the HD step ( DD = HD-LD).

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 8. Record these values on the Crossover Data Sheet under WHAT?

under Old Emulsion Data.

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 8. Record these values on the WHAT? under Old Emulsion Data

Crossover Data Sheet

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 9. For the five strips from the WHAT batch read the densities of the steps established in Procedure 2A, Establish Operating Levels and Control Limits, for MD, HD and LD and the base + fog. You should write the densities and the date on the film with permanent marker.

new emulsion batch

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 12. Determine the difference in the MD, DD, and Base plus Fog between the WHAT? E.G.. If the value of the new strip is higher than the old, the difference will be a positive number. If the value of the new strip is lower than the old, the difference will be a negative number.

between the new and old strips (i.e., new value – old value)

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 12. Determine the difference in the MD, DD, and Base plus Fog between the new and old strips (i.e., new value – old value). If the value of the new strip is higher than the old, the difference will WHAT?. If the value of the new strip is lower than the old, the difference will be a negative number.

will be a positive number

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 12. Determine the difference in the MD, DD, and Base plus Fog between the new and old strips (i.e., new value – old value). If the value of the new strip is higher than the old, the difference will be a positive number. If the value of the new strip is lower than the old, the difference will be WHAT?

will be a negative number

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 12. Determine the difference in the MD, DD, and Base plus Fog between the new and old strips (i.e., new value – old value). If the value of the new strip is WHAT?, the difference will be a positive number. If the value of the new strip is lower than the old, the difference will be a negative number.

higher than the old

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 12. Determine the difference in the MD, DD, and Base plus Fog between the new and old strips (i.e., new value – old value). If the value of the new strip is higher than the old, the difference will be a positive number. If the value of the new strip is WHAT?, the difference will be a negative number.

lower than the old

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 13. Using the numbers obtained in WHAT?, adjust the old operating levels for MD, DD, and Base plus Fog. This is accomplished by adding the old operating level to the difference obtained in 10.

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 13. Using the numbers obtained in 10, adjust WHAT? This is accomplished by adding the old operating level to the difference obtained in 10.

the old operating levels for MD, DD, and Base plus Fog

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 13. Using the numbers obtained in 10, adjust the old operating levels for MD, DD, and Base plus Fog. This is accomplished by adding WHAT?

by adding the old operating level to the difference obtained in 10.

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 14. Record the new operating levels, control limits and new emulsion batch number on a WHAT?

new Processor QC Chart (Form

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 15). In WHAT? section indicate that crossover was performed and the date.

“Remarks”

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 16. The old Processor QC Chart is WHAT? but must be maintained for at least one year.

no longer used for daily processor QC data recording

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 16. The old Processor QC Chart is no longer used for daily processor QC data recording but must be maintained for at least HOW MANY YEARS?

for at least one year

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 17. If the new box of QC film produces densities such that the previously established steps for WHAT? are no longer the best choices, then new steps must be established using Procedure 2A - Establish Processor Operating Levels and Control Limits

MD, HD and LD

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 17. If the new box of QC film produces densities such that the previously established steps for MD, HD and LD are WHAT?

no longer the best choices

in Equipment Required IN Control Film Crossover: 17. If the new box of QC film produces densities such that the previously established steps for MD, HD and LD are no longer the best choices, then new steps must be established using WHAT?

Procedure 2A - Establish Processor Operating Levels and Control Limits

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: WHO? requires that manual processing be performed using the time and temperature method. Manual developing by sight is not permitted because it decreases image quality. The film is not completely developed and exposure to enough light to “see” the image before the film is fixed may cause film fogging and a loss of contrast.

NJ regulation [N.J.A.C. 7:28-22.5(c)]

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: NJ regulation [N.J.A.C. 7:28-22.5(c)] IT IS NOT REQUIRED OR REQUIRED? that manual processing be performed using the time and temperature method. Manual developing by sight is not permitted because it decreases image quality. The film is not completely developed and exposure to enough light to “see” the image before the film is fixed may cause film fogging and a loss of contrast.

requires

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: NJ regulation [N.J.A.C. 7:28-22.5(c)] requires that manual processing be performed using the time and temperature method. Manual developing by WHAT?. The film is not completely developed and exposure to enough light to “see” the image before the film is fixed may cause film fogging and a loss of contrast.

by sight is not permitted because it decreases image quality

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: NJ regulation [N.J.A.C. 7:28-22.5(c)] requires that manual processing be performed using the time and temperature method. Manual developing by sight is not permitted because it decreases image quality. The film is not completely developed and exposure to enough light to WHAT? may cause film fogging and a loss of contrast.

to “see” the image before the film is fixed

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: NJ regulation [N.J.A.C. 7:28-22.5(c)] requires that manual processing be performed using the time and temperature method. Manual developing by sight is not permitted because it decreases image quality. The film is not completely developed and exposure to enough light to “see” the image before the film is fixed may cause WHAT?

may cause film fogging and a loss of contrast

IN Manual Processing: 1. Remove what? from tanks. Rubber apron and gloves should be worn to prevent contact with chemicals and protect clothing.

covers

IN Manual Processing WHAT ARE THE Equipment Required:

* Manual tanks * Film holder(s) * Protective apron and gloves * Thermometer * Timer

IN Manual Processing by the Time Temperature Method: Between developing sessions keep covers on tanks to decrease WHAT?

to decrease evaporation and oxidation of chemicals.

IN Manual Processing: 1. Remove covers from tanks. Rubber apron and gloves should be worn to prevent WHAT?

To prevent contact with chemicals and protect clothing

IN Manual Processing: 1. Remove covers from tanks. WHAT? should be worn to prevent contact with chemicals and protect clothing.

Rubber apron and gloves

IN Manual Processing: * 2. Check WHAT? in tanks. If low, add chemistry.

fluid level

IN Manual Processing: * 2. Check fluid level in tanks. If low, add WHAT?

chemistry

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure WHAT? of THE developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow time for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check temperature again before starting procedure.

temperature of developer

IN Manual Processing: 1. Remove covers from tanks. Rubber apron and gloves should be worn to prevent contact with chemicals and protect clothing. * 2. Check fluid level in tanks. If low, add chemistry. * 3. Stir chemistry well. * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase WHAT? Allow time for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check temperature again before starting procedure.

increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below WHAT?, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow time for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check temperature again before starting procedure.

64°

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow WHTA? for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check temperature again before starting procedure.

time

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow time for developer temperature to WHAT? Check temperature again before starting procedure.

increase before developing films

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow time for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check WHAT? again before starting procedure.

temperature

IN Manual Processing: * 6. All of the following steps except for WHAT? should be performed in the darkroom under safelights only. Ensure that the safelight used meets film manufacturer’s specifications.

drying

IN Manual Processing: 5. Depending on temperature of developer, film should be left in developer solution as follows:

a. Developer is 64° - 66° = 7 minutes b. Developer is 68° - 70°= 5 minutes. Optimal for most films. c. Developer is 72°- 76° = 4 minutes

IN Manual Processing: * 4. Measure temperature of developer. If temperature is below 64°, increase developer temperature using tank manufacturer’s recommended method. Allow time for developer temperature to increase before developing films. Check temperature again before WHAT?.

before starting procedure.

IN Manual Processing: * 6. All of the following steps except for drying should be performed in the darkroom under safelights only. Ensure that the safelight used meetsWHAT?

used meets film manufacturer’s specifications.

IN Manual Processing: * 6. All of the following steps except for drying should be performed in the darkroom under WHAT?. Ensure that the safelight used meets film manufacturer’s specifications.

safelights only

IN Manual Processing: 8. Immerse film completely in developer. Agitate film gently for the entire development time. WHAT? will ensure that all parts of the film are developed to the same extent and ensure that air bubbles do not stay on the film and cause artifacts. Use a timer to ensure accurate timing.

Agitation

IN Manual Processing: 8. Immerse film completely in WHAT?. Agitate film gently for the entire development time. Agitation will ensure that all parts of the film are developed to the same extent and ensure that air bubbles do not stay on the film and cause artifacts. Use a timer to ensure accurate timing.

developer

IN Manual Processing: 8. Immerse film completely in developer. Agitate film gently for the entire development time. Agitation will ensure that all parts of the film are WHAT? Use a timer to ensure accurate timing.

are developed to the same extent and ensure that air bubbles do not stay on the film and cause artifacts. Use a timer to ensure accurate timing.

IN Manual Processing: 8. Immerse film completely in developer. Agitate film gently for the entire development time. Agitation will ensure that all parts of the film are developed to the same extent and ensure that air bubbles do not stay on the film and cause artifacts. Use a timer to ensure WHAT?

to ensure accurate timing

timer

IN Manual Processing: * 9. When the required development time is completed, carefully remove film from WHAT? AND WHAT?. Film should be drained over the developer tank or wash tank. Care must be taken not to drain developer into fixer tank.

from developer tank and allow excess developer to drain off

over the developer tank or wash tank

Care must be taken not to drain developer into fixer tank.

IN Manual Processing: * 10. WHAT? in stop bath or wash tank for at least 30 seconds. Drain well over wash tank.

Immerse film

IN Manual Processing: * 11. Immerse film in fixer tank for HOW MANY MINUTES?. Use film manufacturer’s specifications to determine the amount of time to leave film in fixer tank. Film should be agitated for the first minute of fixation.

for 5 to 10 minutes

IN Manual Processing: * 10. Immerse film in stop bath or wash tank for at least HOW MANY SECONDS?. Drain well over wash tank.

at least 30 seconds

IN Manual Processing: * 9. When the required development time is completed, carefully remove film from developer tank and allow excess developer to drain off. Film should be drained over the developer tank or wash tank. Care must be taken not to drain developer into fixer tank. * 10. Immerse film in stop bath or wash tank for at least 30 seconds. Drain well over TO WHAT?

wash tank.

IN Manual Processing: * 11. Immerse film in fixer tank for 5 to 10 minutes. Use film manufacturer’s specifications to determine WHAT? Film should be agitated for the first minute of fixation.

the amount of time to leave film in fixer tank

IN Manual Processing: * 11. Immerse film in fixer tank for 5 to 10 minutes. Use WHAT? to determine the amount of time to leave film in fixer tank. Film should be agitated for the first minute of fixation.

Use film manufacturer’s specifications

IN Manual Processing: * 11. Immerse film in fixer tank for 5 to 10 minutes. Use film manufacturer’s specifications to determine the amount of time to leave film in fixer tank. Film should be WHAT?

should be agitated for the first minute of fixation

IN Manual Processing: * 12. Remove film from WHAT ? tank. Drain well over fixer or wash water tank. Care should be taken not to drain fixer into developer tank.

fixer tank

IN Manual Processing: * 12. Remove film from fixer tank. Drain well over WHAT?. Care should be taken not to drain fixer into developer tank.

fixer or wash water tank

IN Manual Processing: * 12. Remove film from fixer tank. Drain well over fixer or wash water tank. Care should be taken not to drain WHAT?

fixer into developer tank

IN Manual Processing: * 13. Immerse film in wash water tank for HOW MANY MINUTES?

5 to 30 minutes

IN Manual Processing: * 14. If HOW MANY FILM is being processed at a time be sure that films are as widely spaced as possible in the tank to ensure that the water can clear the fixer from the film. Water should be over top of film holder. Films should not touch each other.

more than one film

IN Manual Processing: * 14. If more than one film is being processed at a time be sure that films are as widely spaced as possible in the tank to ensure that the water can clear the fixer from the film. WHAT? should be over top of film holder. Films should not touch each other.

Water

IN Manual Processing: * 14. If more than one film is being processed at a time be sure that films are WHAT? Water should be over top of film holder. Films should not touch each other.

as widely spaced as possible in the tank to ensure that the water can clear the fixer from the film

IN Manual Processing: * 14. If more than one film is being processed at a time be sure that films are as widely spaced as possible in the tank to ensure that the water can clear the fixer from the film. Water should be over WHAT?. Films should not touch each other.

over top of film holder

IN Manual Processing: * 14. If more than one film is being processed at a time be sure that films are as widely spaced as possible in the tank to ensure that the water can clear the fixer from the film. Water should be over top of film holder. WHAT? should not touch each other.

Films

IN Manual Processing: 15. Rate of WHAT? exchange in wash tank should be approximately eight times per hour. This will ensure fresh water to wash the chemicals from the film completely.

RATE OF water exchange

IN Manual Processing: 15. Rate of water exchange in wash tank should be approximately eight times per hour. This will ensure WHAT?

ensure fresh water to wash the chemicals from the film completely

IN Manual Processing: * 16. It is recommended to immerse film in a tank containing WHAT AND BEFORE?

a wetting agent before drying

IN Manual Processing: 15. Rate of water exchange in wash tank should be WHAT hour. This will ensure fresh water to wash the chemicals from the film completely.

should be approximately eight times per hour

IN Manual Processing: * 16. It is recommended to immerse film in a tank containing aN agent before drying. WHAT agent will minimize the water spots on the film.

wetting agent

IN Manual Processing: * 16. It is recommended to immerse film in a tank containing a wetting agent before drying. The wetting agent will WHAT

will minimize the water spots on the film

IN Manual Processing: * 17. Drain as much liquid from the film back into the wash water tank as possible before WHAT?

before hanging film to air dry or placing in dryer

IN Manual Processing: * 18. If dryer is used, do not WHAT?. Over drying film may cause cracking.

do not over dry film

IN Manual Processing: 19. When dry, remove film from WHAT?. Label film, if not previously done, with patient information.

holder

IN Manual Processing: * 18. If dryer is used, do not over dry film. Over drying film may WHAT?

may cause cracking.

IN Manual Processing: 19. When dry, remove film from holder. WHAT TO DO, if not previously done, with patient information.

Label film

IN Manual Processing: 19. When dry, remove film from holder. Label film, if not previously done, with WHAT?

patient information

IN Manual Processing: * 20. Add fresh chemicals to tank to WHAT?.

to replenish the chemistry.

IN Manual Processing: * 21. Cover WHAT until next use.

tanks until next use.

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: SMPTE Test Pattern IN: 0% patch

2.45" 0.15 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: SMPTE Test Pattern IN: 10% patch

2.10" 0.15 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: Inverted gray scale IN: 0% patch

2.50+ 0.15 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: In most clinical settings, the physician makes the diagnosis by WHAT?

by reading the images from a transparency recorded with a multiformat camera

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: SMPTE Test Pattern IN: 40% patch

1.15" 0.15 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: Inverted gray scale IN: 40% patch

1.35" 0.15 OD

OD MEANS

Optical Density

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: SMPTE Test Pattern IN: 90% patch

0.30" 0.08 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: Inverted gray scale IN: 90% patch

0.30" 0.08 OD

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * The transparency should reproduce WHAT?

the quality and gray scale of the original image displayed on the system monitor

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: WHAT IS THE TEST FREQUENCY:

WEEKLY

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: Inverted gray scale IN: 10% patch

2.25" 0.15 OD

SMPTE MEANS

Society of Motion Pictures & Television Engineers

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * The following procedure uses the WHAT FOR digital test pattern. This pattern is supplied with most laser printers or it can be obtained from accessory vendors.

Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE)

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * The following procedure uses the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) FOR WHAT?. This pattern is supplied with most laser printers or it can be obtained from accessory vendors.

digital test pattern

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * As determined by procedure 3A, WHAT? should be consistent over time and match the gray scales presented on monitor.

the laser film printer quality

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * The following procedure uses the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) digital test pattern. This pattern is supplied with WHAT?

with most laser printers or it can be obtained from accessory vendors

IN Laser Film Printer Quality Control: * As determined by procedure 3A, the laser film printer quality should be WHAT?

should be consistent over time and match the gray scales presented on monitor.

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: * If possible, WHO? should assist with the initial establishment of the laser film printer quality control operating levels. The medical physicist should determine the most appropriate gray scale test pattern to use for the facility’s laser film printer system configuration or acquire a step-wedge phantom image if no gray scale test pattern is available.

the medical physicist

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: * If possible, the medical physicist should assist with the initial establishment of the WHAT?

the laser film printer quality control operating levels

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: Frequency: Initial setup and when significant change is made in imaging procedures such as WHAT?

such as different type of film, chemicals, or processing conditions

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: * If possible, the medical physicist should assist with the initial establishment of the laser film printer quality control operating levels. WHO? should determine the most appropriate gray scale test pattern to use for the facility’s laser film printer system configuration or acquire a step-wedge phantom image if no gray scale test pattern is available.

The medical physicist

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: * If possible, the medical physicist should assist with the initial establishment of the laser film printer quality control operating levels. The medical physicist should determine the most appropriate WHAT? to use for the facility’s laser film printer system configuration or acquire a step-wedge phantom image if no gray scale test pattern is available.

the most appropriate gray scale test pattern

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: If possible, the medical physicist should assist with the initial establishment of the laser film printer quality control operating levels. The medical physicist should determine the most appropriate gray scale test pattern to use for WHAT?

for the facility’s laser film printer system configuration or acquire a step-wedge phantom image if no gray scale test pattern is available.

IN Establishment of Laser Film Printer Quality Control Operating Levels: WHAT ARE THE Equipment Required:

* Densitometer * Laser Film Printer Quality Control Chart * Gray Scale test Pattern - SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)

step-wedge phantom image

MIDTERM Flashcards

(333 cards)