MIDTERM Flashcards
(201 cards)
1
Q
Is the basis of all crime scenes and is carried out on priority.
A
PHOTOGRAPHY
2
Q
Are the most effective and simplest way to represent a crime scene by the Investigating officer.
A
PHOTOGRAPHS AND CRIME SCENE SKETCHES
3
Q
Is one of the most significant since it can be applied in all allied branches of it.
A
FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
4
Q
Plays a very significant role in preserving evidences necessary in the prosecution of criminal cases.
A
PHOTOGRAPHY
5
Q
Is to provide a true and accurate record of the crime scene and physical evidence present by recording the original scene and related areas.
A
CRIME SCENE PHOTOGRAPHY
6
Q
Is an integral part of trial. And the judgement often is based upon crime scene photographs to prove prima facie evidence.
A
FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
7
Q
Is an indispensable tool to effective presentation of certain types of courts testimony. Exhibits of handwriting, fingerprints, bullets, traffic vehicular wreckage are integral parts of court testimonies, so always remember that opinion of the expert witness is always susceptible to ocular inspection, otherwise, his testimony would have a lesser weight.
A
PHOTOGRAPHY
8
Q
Was first coined by Sir John Herschel who first used the term in 1839 the year that the photographic process became public.
A
PHOTOGRAPHY
9
Q
Photos/Phos means _____.
A
LIGHT
10
Q
Graphia means _____.
A
WRITE
11
Q
Graphos means _____.
A
DRAW
12
Q
The year _____ is considered generally as the birth year of photography.
A
1839
13
Q
An art or science which deals with the reproduction of images through the action of light, upon sensitized materials, with the aid of a camera and its accessories, and the chemical processes involved therein.
A
PHOTOGRAPHY
14
Q
May be defined as: any means of chemical, thermal, electrical or electronic recording of the images of scenes, or objects formed by some type of radiant energy, including gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light and infrared rays.
A
MODERN PHOTOGRAPHY
15
Q
Is a reproduction of some scene, object or persons through the means of photography; a mechanical result of photography.
A
PHOTOGRAPHS
16
Q
It is an art or science which deals with the study of the principles of photography, the preparation of photographic evidence, and its application to police work.
A
POLICE PHOTOGRAPHY
17
Q
Is one who is tasked to take photographs of crime scene, suspects, witnesses or any physical evidence found at the crime scene, bring them to the laboratory for processing, recording and filling.
A
POLICE PHOTOGRAPHER
18
Q
It is an art or science of photographically documenting a crime scene and evidence for laboratory examination and analysis for purposes of court trial.
A
FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
19
Q
Is the process of photographing and recording crime scene or any other objects for courts presentation.
A
FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
20
Q
Is an art of producing an accurate reproduction of a crime scene for the benefit of a court.
A
CRIME SCENE PHOTOGRAPHY
21
Q
Introduced the used of proper lighting, scale and angles to guarantee reliability of identification. He suggested anthropological studies of profiles and full-face shots (mug shots) to identify criminals.
A
ALPHONSE BERTILLON
22
Q
The common uses of photography in the early days were _____.
A
PORTRAITURES
23
Q
Basic importance of Crime Scene Photograpy
A
- REFRESH MEMORY
- PRESERVE TIME AND EVENT
- SAVE MONEY
24
Q
A photograph is used to identify a suspect, victim, or place where crime was committed, weapons used in the crime, etc.
A
IDENTIFICATION
25
A photograph of suspect, witness, victim of a crime scene serves as a permanent record.
RECORD
26
The photographic record of evidence found at the crime scene well presented in court for the understanding of every party who have interest the case.
PRESENTATION
27
Evidence which cannot be brought to court for exhibit by reason of size, weight, height, and permanency of location this will be substituted by a photograph.
SUBSTITUTION
28
A good photograph can be the deciding factor in conviction or acquittal of the suspect when no other form of real evidence is available.
DECIDING FACTORS
29
Is a mechanical result of photography. Light is needed aside form sensitized material (film or paper).
PHOTOGRAPH
30
In the art or process of photographing objects directed enlarged on the negative and magnified from 1 to 9x.
PHOTOMACROGRAPHY
31
Is very useful in photographing questioned documents, bullets for comparison, fingerprints.
PHOTOMACROGRAPHY
32
Is the art or process of photographing or recording unseen objects by means of infrared light and film.
INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY
33
Is the art or process of photographing unseen objects with the use of ultraviolet rays and filters.
ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOGRAPHY
34
Discovers that white light is composed of different colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.
ISAAC NEWTON
35
He is the first to understand the rainbow - he refracts white light with a prism, discovers that white light is composed of seven distinct colours.
ISAAC NEWTON
36
A professor of anatomy, after a number of experiments discovered that silver salts, specifically a piece of chalk dipped in silver nitrate turned black from white when exposed to the sun. The unexposed side remained white.
JOHANN HEINRICH SCHULZE
37
He experimented creating crude photographic impressions, but eventually it all turned black due to exposure.
JOHANN HEINRICH SCHULZE
38
Mixes chalk, nitric acid, and silver in a flask; notices darkening on side of flask exposed to sunlight. Accidental creation of the first photo-sensitive compound.
JOHANN HEINRICH SCHULZE
39
The founder of modern astronomy and discovered Uranus and other heavenly bodies.
WILLIAM HERSCHEL
40
He discovered the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiation (light).
WILLIAM HERSCHEL
41
Exploring the question of how much heat was contained by the different colors of visible light. He devised and experiment where he used a glass prism to separate sunlight into its rainbow of colors. Then, he placed a thermometer under each color, with one extra thermometer just beyond the red light of the spectrum. He found that the thermometer that was seemingly out of the light had the highest temperature. Thus, he discovered infrared light.
WILLIAM HERSCHEL
42
He suggests the "three color" idea of light. That there are three primary colors blue, green, and red. These three blend together in various combinations to form any other color in the visible spectrum.
THOMAS YOUNG
43
He was French inventor and most noted as one of the inventors of photography and a pioneer in the field.
JOSEPH NICEPHORE NIEPCE
44
He developed his process called "heliography". Created the world's first permanent image (heliograph) using pewter plates in a camera obscura. It required 8 hours to expose.
JOSEPH NICEPHORE NIEPCE
45
Which means "sun writing".
HELIOGRAPHY
46
A signaling device by which sunlight is reflected in flashes from a movable mirror.
HELIOGRAPH
47
From Latin, meaning "dark room" or "dark chamber".
CAMERA OBSCURA
48
Also referred to as pinhole image, is the natural optical phenomenon that occurs when an image of a scene at the other side of a screen is projected through a small hole in that screen.
CAMERA OBSCURA
49
He was a British inventor and photography pioneer who invented the "calotype process" a precursor to photographic processes of the 19th and 20th centuries to produce a negative image.
WILLIAM HENRY FOX TALBOT
50
The father of the negative-positive photographic process.
WILLIAM HENRY FOX TALBOT
51
His experiments using paper soaked in silver chloride and fixed with a salt solution to create permanent (negative) images of silhouettes. In this technique, a sheet of paper coated with silver chloride was exposed to light in camera obscura.
WILLIAM HENRY FOX TALBOT
52
Was a French artist and photographer, recognized for his invention of the daguerreotype process of photography. He became known as one of the fathers of photography.
LOUIS-JACQUES-MANDÉ DAGUERRE
53
Sets up Eastman Dry Plate Company in Rochester, New York. First half-tone photograph appears in a daily newspaper, the New York Graphic.
GEORGE EASTMAN 1880
54
The first twin lens reflex camera is produced in London. Such cameras employ a viewing lens that is matched to the "taking lens", and focused by the same mechanism. Rolleiflex are the best-known manufacturer of these.
1880
55
In 1881 he invents a process for making reproductions in colour - the trichromatic half-tone plate.
FREDERICK E. IVES
56
1886 develops the half-tone engraving process whereby photographic and other images can be reproduced simultaneously with text.
FREDERICK E. IVES
57
He was a French cloth merchant by trade, but in the 1840s became a student of photography. He studied calotype process, and in 1847 became the first person to publish the process in France.
LOUIS DESIRE BLANQUART EVRARD
58
Introduce a printing paper coated with albumen to achieve a glossy surface, to improves and modifies Fox Talbot's calotype process and sets up a printing business in Lille, France. Albumen paper was never patented and was popularly used for 40 years.
LOUIS DESIRE BLANQUART EVRARD
59
A sculptor in London. Invented the photographic "collodion process" which preceded the modern gelatin emulsion. He found calotype photography useful as a way of capturing images of his sculptures.
FREDERICK SCOTT ARCHER
60
Improves photographic resolution by spreading a mixture of collodion (nitrated cotton dissolved in ether and alcohol) and chemicals on sheets of glass. Exposure and processing is performed immediately after coating plate. Wet plate collodion photography was much cheaper than daguerrotypes; the negative/positive process permitted unlimited reproductions, and all from relatively short exposures of a few seconds. The process was published but not patented and Scott Archer died in poverty.
FREDERICK SCOTT ARCHER
61
The process involved adding a soluble iodide to a solution of collodion (cellulose nitrate) and coating a glass plate with the mixture.
FREDERICK SCOTT ARCHER
62
Was the pseudonym of Gaspard-Felix Tournachon, a French photographer, caricaturist, journalist, novelist and balloonist. Some photographs by Nadar are marked "P. Nadar" for "Photographie Nadar".
FÉLIX NADAR
63
He took his first photographs in 1853 and in 1858 became the first person to take aerial photographs. He also pioneered the use of artificial lighting in photography, working in the catacombs of Paris.
FÉLIX NADAR
64
He was an English photographer and physician who invented "light weight gelatin negative plates" for photography in 1871.
RICHARD LEACH MADDOX
65
Proposes the use of an emulsion of gelatin and silver bromide on a glass plate, creating the dry plate silver bromide process - negatives no longer had to be developed immediately. Exposure times of 1/25th second could be achieved.
RICHARD LEACH MADDOX
66
Makes a high-speed photographic demonstration of a moving horse, airborne during a trot, using a trip-wire system. From 1884 he begins work at the University of Pennsylvania to produce a massive collection of photographs of animals in motion, ultimately to be published as Animal Locomotion.
EADWEARD JAMES MUYBRIDGE
67
Eastman Company in the USA produces the Kodak No.1 camera containing a 20-foot roll of paper, enough for 100 2.5-inch diameter circular pictures - the first simplified camera system for the general public.
1888
68
Thomas Edison slit the 2 3/4 inch Kodak roll film down the middle making it 1 3/8 inch (35mm) and put transport perforations down each side - to become the international standard for motion picture film.
1889
69
Auguste and Louis Lumiere demonstrate a cinema projector capable of showing 16 frames a second thus inventing the cinematography.
1895
70
Kodak introduces their Folding Pocket Kodak.
1898
71
The New School of American Photography the first major exhibition of American pictorial photography is held at the Royal Photographic Society. It consists of 360 images by such photographers as: F. Holland Day, Edward Steichen, Gertrude Kasebier, and Clarence White.
1899
72
Frederick H. Evans exhibits 150 platinum prints at the Royal Photographic Society. Evans was known as a prime exponent of "pure photography": images that are unretouched and unmanipulated.
1900
73
Kodak Brownie box roll-film camera introduced costing $1.00. This brings photography intro the hands of the masses.
1900
74
Arthur Korn devises practical phototelegraphy technology (reduction of photographic images to signals that can be transmitted by wire to other locations); Wire-Photos in wide use in Europe by 1910, and transmitted intercontinentally by 1922.
1902
75
Dr. H. Vogel's research lead to panchromatic film using sensitizing dyes. This type of film is sensitive to all visible colors.
1904
76
Availability of panchromatic black and white film and therefore high quality colour separation colour photography. J.P. Morgan finances Edward Curtis to document the traditional culture of the North American Indian.
1906
77
First commercial colour film, the Autochrome was invented by two brothers, August and Luois Lumiere, of Lyon-Monsplaiser, France.
1907
78
U.S Kodak made a color subtractive process called kodakchrome.
1914
79
Color process came out together with electronic flash.
1935
80
Edwin H. Land introduced "Polaroid" the one-step photography.
1947
81
Eastman Kodak introduces high speed Tri-X Film.
1954
82
First digital image produced on a computer by Russell Kirsch at U.S. National Bureau of Standards (now known as the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or NIST).
1957
83
Slit the 2 3/4 inch Kodak roll film down the middle making it 1 3/8 inch (35mm) and put transport perforations down each side - to become the international standard for motion picture film.
THOMAS EDISON
84
Demonstrate a cinema projector capable of showing 16 frames a second thus inventing the cinematography.
AUGUSTE AND LOUIS LUMIERE
85
Exhibits 150 platinum prints at the Royal Photographic Society.
FREDERICK H. EVANS
86
Devises practical phototelegraphy technology (reduction of photographic images to signals that can be transmitted by wire to other locations).
ARTHUR KORN
87
His research lead to panchromatic film using sensitizing dyes. This type of film to sensitive to all visible colors.
DR. H. VOGEL
88
Introduced "Polaroid" the one-step photography.
EDWIN H. LAND
89
Is electromagnetic radiation which is visible to the human eye. And the source of it may either Natural or Artificial light.
LIGHT
90
A device for recording an image of an object on a light-sensitive surface; it is essentially a light-tight box with an aperture to admit light focused onto a sensitized film or plate.
CAMERA
91
It refers to the film and photographic paper that basically composed of emulsion containing Silver Halides suspended in gelatin and coated on a transparent or reflective support.
SENSITIZED MATERIALS
92
Is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image.
CHEMICAL PROCESS OR PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING OR DEVELOPMENT
93
Refers to the animate and inanimate things-person or materials which shall be the subject of photography.
SUBJECT OR OBJECT
94
Is to receive light as the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition.
RETINA
95
Is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
96
Is energy that travels and spreads out as it goes - the visible light that comes from a lamp in your house and the radio waves that come from a radio station are two types of electromagnetic radiation.
RADIATION
97
Electromagnetic Spectrum
1. RADIOWAVE
2.MICROWAVE
3. INFRARED LIGHT
4. VISIBLE LIGHT
5. ULTRAVIOLET RAY
6. X-RAY
7. GAMMA RAY
98
The Four Photographic Rays
1. X-RAYS
2. ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
3. VISIBLE LIGHT
4. INFRARED LIGHT
99
A type of radiation called electromagnetic waves. A form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Imaging creates pictures of the inside of your body. The images show the parts of your body in different shades of black and white. To Produce a shadow photograph of one internal structure of solid objects.
X-RAYS
100
This electromagnetic radiation is not visible to the human eye, because it has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency than the light our brain perceives as images.
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
101
Are the only electromagnetic waves we can see. We see these waves as the colors of the rainbow. Each color has a different wavelength.
VISIBLE LIGHT
102
In optics, a piece of translucent glass or crystal used to form a spectrum of light separated according to colors. Its cross section is usually triangular. The light becomes separated because different wavelength or frequencies are refracted (bent) by different amount.
PRISM
103
Light that we cannot see with our eyes, but that we can sometimes feel on our skin as heat.
INFRARED LIGHT
104
The source of all day light is the sun. The combination of color and contrast ascertain the quality of the daylight. The lighting contrast depends upon the sunlight available in the daylight.
NATURAL LIGHT
105
He subjects will produce a strong shadow, because the source of light is not covered and the objects or subjects appear glossy in open space due to direct sunlight and reflected lights coming from the sky, which act as a reflector.
BRIGHT SUNLIGHT
106
Thin clouds cover the sun and the shadow appears bluish because of the decrease of light falling on the subjects in open space.
HAZY SUNLIGHT
107
The sun is totally covered by thick clouds. No shadow are cast, due to the uniform illustrate of light all around the subjects in open space.
DULL SUNLIGHT
108
Almost all artificial light sources can be used in photographing of objects, as long as light is capable of exposing the sensitized materials (film).
ARTIFICIAL LIGHT
109
Are those that can give illumination continuously. The common light source of this kind are the fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, carbon arc lamp, photoflood lamp, gas lamp, etc.
CONTINUOUS RADIATION
110
Example flash unit.
SHORT DURATION
111
Which allow light to pass through so that objects on the other side can be distinguish or may be clearly seen.
TRANSPARENT OBJECTS
112
Objects or mediums which merely slow the speed of light but allows it to pass freely.
TRANSPARENT OBJECTS
113
Those that allow light to pass through but diffuse the flow of light so that objects on the other side may not be clearly distinguished or cannot be distinctly seen; may be recognizable but sharp detail and outline are obscured.
TRANSLUCENT OBJECTS
114
Objects which allow light to pass through them in such a way that the outline of the light source is not clearly visible.
TRANSLUCENT OBJECTS
115
Which allow no light to pass through or so greatly diffuse the light that recognizing the object on the other side is very difficult if not impossible.
OPAQUE MATERIALS
116
Objects which divert or absorb light but allow no light to pass through it.
OPAQUE MATERIALS
117
Is the process where certain materials convert light into another form of energy (usually Heat or Temperature).
ABSORPTION OF LIGHT
118
Is the change of direction of light waves that strikes the surface of any subjects that creates reflection either by specular or diffuse reflection.
DIVERSION OF LIGHT
119
Refers to the bounce back or deflection of light when hits a surface. Or that is the change in the direction of light waves which occurs whenever light waves comes in contact with the surface of an object/subject but does not allow the wave to pass through it.
REFLECTION
120
Is the bending or redirection of light waves when passing obliquely from one medium to a medium of different density. When the material in the path of the light is transparent a change in the direction of the light occurs.
REFRACTION
121
The bending of light when it hits a sharp edge of an opaque object. The object is seen as white when all of the various wavelength of visible light is reflected. When there is no reflection of the objects and all of the various wavelength of the visible rays are absorbed it will produce black or darkness.
DIFFRACTION
122
It is a device used in photographing of objects. Is a light-tight box; with lens to form an image; with a shutter and diaphragm to control the entry of the image; a means of holding a film to record the image/with viewfinder to show the photographer what the image is.
CAMERA
123
Four Essential Parts of a Camera
1. LIGHT-TIGHT BOX
2. LENS
3. FILM HOLDER
4. SHUTTER
124
This part of the camera is very essential. Has its capabilities to exclude all unwanted light that may expose the sensitized materials or film. It is an enclosure that devoid light.
LIGHT-TIGHT BOX
125
Is the one responsible in focusing the rays of light coming from the subject as well in forming a sharp image on the film.
LENS
126
This holds the film firmly inside the camera. It is always at the opposite side of the lens.
FILM HOLDER
127
Served as the barriers of the rays of light that will enter and affect the film inside the camera. It is usually place at the path of the light passing through. A device that opens to uncover the film to make an exposure for an accurately timed intervals then closes automatically.
SHUTTER
128
It is made of metal blades and its action starts from the center toward the side, and then closes black to the center.
CENTRAL SHUTTER
129
Its actions starts on one side and closes on the opposite sides.
FOCAL PLANE SHUTTER
130
Will show the entire scene coverage that can be recorded in the film inside the camera. Usually attached on the top of the camera or the viewers of the taking lens itself, when the camera is a single reflex type.
VIEW FINDER
131
Necessary so that the exposed fil can be transferred to the take up spool and the unexposed film will be on the opposite side of the lens for another exposure.
FILM ADVANCER
132
Will control the opening and closing of the shutter. It will regulate quantity of light that will reach and affect the film inside the camera.
SHUTTER SPEED
133
The ratio between the diameter and the focal length of the lens. It is the light gathering power of the lens.
LENS APERTURE
134
The sharpness or clearness of the object being photograph will depend upon the focusing system of the camera, this mechanism will estimate the object distance from the camera and formed a sharp or clear images in the photograph.
FOCUSING MECHANISM
135
A device used to hold firmly the camera so as to prevent the vibration or movement of the camera during the exposure period.
CAMERA GRIP
136
A device use in determining the intensity of light that strike the subject and affect the film. It can be extinction meter or photo-electric meter.
LIGHT METER
137
It is a device use in photographing a minute object.
EXTINCTION TUBE
138
It is a triple device which is adjustable to any reasonable extension.
TRIPOD
139
This is attached to the shutter release of the camera and used in releasing the shutter to prevent the accidental movement of the camera during the exposure period especially when longer.
CABLE RELEASE
140
It is very effective to augment the adverse lighting condition of the objects being photograph.
FLASH UNIT
141
It is a device use to eliminate some reflection of lights which might destroy to mage cast by the objects, especially, when the light is coming from the top or side portions of the camera.
LENS HOOD
142
A transparent medium which transmit and absorbs different wavelength of lights.
FILTER
143
Was the forerunner of the photographic cameras todays. It was a light-tight chamber or box with a small hole or lens at one side for image formation. It was by artists as a copying device.
CAMERA OBSCURA
144
The film exposure, is passed between two stainless steel rollers inside the camera. These rupture a chemical pod on the film and spread developing agent evenly over the film's surface. The original Polaroid system it aws necessary for the user to peel the finished print form the base material.
INSTANT CAMERA
145
Was the instrument for the casual amateur photographer. Inexpensive and simple, it was, nevertheless, capable of excellent results under many conditions.
BOX CAMERA
146
Are small wireless detectors, also known as security hidden cameras.
SPY CAMERAS
147
Camera has a viewfinder which like most instamatic cameras are independent of the main lens of the camera.
RANGE FINDER CAMERA
148
This type of camera will eliminate the parallax error and it will work well with all lenses. This type of camera allows the photographer to view a subject through the main lens of the camera.
SINGLE-LENS REFLEX CAMERA
149
Camera using 120 film equipped with two identical optical system or this camera has two lenses, one for the viewing and focusing of the object, and other is the taking lens.
TWIN-LENS REFLEXT CAMERA
150
This is the biggest and most sophisticated among the different type of camera. This type of camera is practically useless for candid or action photograph.
VIEW/PRES CAMERA
151
Discover that silver chloride is more sensitive than silver nitrate.
WEDGEWOOD
152
The man who first the paper with silver salts preparation and actually produced a negative photographic image with a device made for himself and called it camera. His work was a failure because of long exposure required.
ABEL NIEPCE DE SAINT VICTOR
153
Produces the first commercially acceptable self-contained flashbulb aluminum foil sealed in an oxygen filled bulb.
OSTERMEIER
154
One of first to produced photographs portraits using a lens with a diameter of five inches and a focus of seven inches.
J.W. DRAPPER
155
Designs the first lens specifically for photographic use.
J.M. PETZVAL
156
Invents the wax paper process, which treats paper (to make it nearly transparent) before sensitized an exposure, rather than after as is the common practice.
GUSTAV LE GRAY
157
Make the first model of a twin-lens camera for stereo photography, working from designs in 1849 by David Brewster; production begins in 1856.
J.B. DANCER
158
Publishes methods for both additive and subtractive color synthesis of image by photography, and suggest the use of a three color monopack plate; he demonstrate some results obtained by diffraction and inference effects.
LOUIS DUCOS DU HAURON
159
Discovers the use of dry substance to extend the sensitivity of photographic emulsions from the blue into the green region of the spectrum making possible orthochromatic plate.
POF. H. W. VOGEL
160
Invents a roll holder for use with studio and field camera's a roll of sensitized paper provides for up to 100 exposure.
LEON WARNEKE
161
Discover the use of hydroquinone as a developing agent.
SIR WILLIAM ABNEY
162
The founder of Kodak Company, also introduces the use of roll film made of celluloid materials to be use by portable roll film cameras.
GEORGE EASTMAN
163
Invents the additive color process using regular line screen, checkered with red, green and blue squares.
JOHN JOLY
164
Granted the patent covering roll film composed of a silver-bromide gelatin emulsion on a celluloid base.
REVEREND HANNIBAL GOODWIN
165
He discovered the x-ray photography otherwise known as Radiography.
ROENTGEN
166
Invent the photodrama which take and projects 360-degree panoramic photographs.
AUGUST AND LOUIS LUMIÉRE
167
Invents the shutter, which uses gears to control slow speeds and a clock work movement to control fast speed.
FRIEDRICH DECKEL
168
Independently develop diffusion transfer processing of the negative image.
ROTT AND E WEYDE
169
He is the one who introduces the used of the lens in the camera.
DANIEL BARBARO
170
Created the first camera obscura.
LEONARDO DA VINCI
171
This is a beginner's photography. The cameras used here are chiefly of folding type using cartridge film and are of small size.
AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY
172
Is a branch of photography used in homes studio or elsewhere. Artificial light was introduced here to make the photographer of the weather.
PORTRAITURE PHOTOGRAPHY
173
Is a branch of photography use to take photographs of developed greatly that it has become the work of a specialized group of commercial photographers.
COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
174
This is used in science and industry to make a record which can be studied and measured. It can be used in copying documents, etc. because photographic methods have the advantage of accuracy and speed.
APPLIED AND SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY
175
A roll of sensitized paper is employed on which the document is recorded. The result is in the form of a negative. If positive is required the negative is re-photograph in the same camera.
PHOTOSTAT CAMERA
176
A camera used in reading the telephone meters.
FACTOGRAPH CAMERA
177
This camera is intended to photograph a trip of motion picture all checks passing through a bank. It provides permanent record which greatly diminishes the risks of fraud.
RECORDAK CAMERA
178
A brank of photography with great importance in the study of astronomy. The visual observation in the study of astronomy had been replaced almost entirely by photography.
ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOGRAPHY
179
A branch of photography used in determining the chemical element of a matter. This becomes possible after the discovery of isocyanine and carbocyanine die.
SPECTROSCOPY
180
The application of photography to microscope.
PHOTOMICROGRAPHY
181
The application of photography to surveying especially in mountainous countries.
PHOTO-TOPOGRAPHY
182
This utilized for military purposes as well as for surveying. It is an aid t military, both food detection of enemy operations and for the preparation of maps.
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
183
A branch of photography discovered by Roentgen in 1895. It is sometimes called X-Ray photography. It is applicable in medical science as well as in crime detection.
RADIOGRAPHY
184
This is also called motion picture photography. In police, it is used to photograph the re-enactment of the crime scene.
CINEMATOGRAPHY
185
For blooming flower.
TIME-LAPSE PHOTOGRAPHY
186
Capture fast motions and then replay.
SLOW MOTION PHOTOGRAPHY
187
For diving and other underwater activities.
UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY
188
Is considered to be the first application of photography in police work.
FOR PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES
189
Is considered to be one of the most universal methods of communication considering the no other language can be known universally than photograph.
FOR COMMUNICATION
190
Considered to be the utmost used of photography in police work.
FOR RECORD PURPOSES
191
Crime scene and other physical evidence requires photograph for preservation purposes.
FOR PRESERVING AND RECORING OF EVIDENCES
192
Taking a magnified photograph of small object through attaching a camera to the ocular of the compound microscope so as to show minute details of the physical evidence.
PHOTOMICROGRAPHY
193
Taking a magnified (enlarged) photograph of small object by attaching an extended tube lens (Macro lens) to the camera.
PHOTOMACROGRAPHY
194
Is the process of reducing into a small strip of film a scenario. It's first used in film making.
MICROPHOTOGRAPHY
195
Used synonymously with photomacropgraphy.
MACRO PHOTOGRAPHY
196
Is the process of making photograph of a far object with the aid of a long focus and telephoto lens.
TELEPHOTOGRAPHY
197
Almost all evidence presented in court before formally be accepted requires that they satisfy the basic requirements for admissibility which is relevancy and competency.
FOR COURT EXHIBITS
198
With used of video camera (Hidden camera) and other advanced photographic equipment crimes are being detected more easily and even to the extent of preventing them from initially occurring.
FOR CRIME PREVENTION
199
Modern facilities are now being used as instructional material not only in police training as well as in other agencies.
FOR POLICE TRAINING
200
With the used of photography any number of reproductions of the evidence can be made those giving unlimited opportunity for its examination and even allow other experts of person to examine the specimen without compromising the original.
FOR REDUCING AND COPYING
201
Photographs for press releases, poster of wanted criminals, crime alerts, etc.
PUBLIC INFORMATION
