Midterm

Question 1

Khmer Empire

Answer 1

(12th century) also known as the Khmer Kingdom was located in Southeast Asia in Cambodia. This location was idea for rice growing and were able to harvest rice three times a year

Question 2

Cahokia

Answer 2

explorers first found it about around 1810 but it first arose in the 10th century. the city of Cahokia was east of st. louis, however the overall size was had to find because of modern development. had around 10,000 people at the height in 1200. they had treasures such as tools with copper, bones, and tortoiseshell, they also found arrowhead and other things, but none of this lead to historians figuring out the culture of cahokia

Question 3

Indian Ocean

Answer 3

the indian ocean was the world’s great arena of exchange. it was crossed by many trade routes and was surrounded by rich societies. around the ocean kings emerged, prosperity survived, and the ocean remained buoyant

Question 4

Ethiopian Empire

Answer 4

in the 12th century ethiopia was a new dynasty recovered political unity and began an internal crusade. in ethiopia monastery churches began to emerge from the rocks and their king was credited for having most of them built. the ethiopian monks also hated slavery. with th ethiopian power they began to conquer pagan lands.

Question 5

Sedentary vs. nomadic civilizations

Answer 5

sedentary- more menacing, permanent settlement, agriculture for food
nomadic- people move around with their animals in search for food and water

Question 6

Almoravids

Answer 6

around 1080. the almoravids were arabic with a very large and effective population when it came to war. they drove back the spanish christians and spent their fury on the muslim kingdoms. the invaded and conquered morocco and helped fights with the muslim kingdom in spain then in the 1140s fell to the almohads

Question 7

Temujin

Answer 7

in 1206 was the most dynamic leader, proclaimed himself as Khan of “all those who live in felt tents” staking a claim to a steppe-wide empire. we know very little about temujin.

Question 8

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 8

around 857 BCE was when the Zhou conquered the Shang when they were divinely chosen to rule the world because they were more virtuous than their predecessor.

Question 9

Rashid al-Dun

Answer 9

a former Jewish rabbi who converted to Islam became the chief minister of the Mongol ruler of what is now Iran he lived between 1247-1318

Question 10

Mongol Passport

Answer 10

Used between the 13th and 14th century, the passports were used to regulate communication and administration in the vast Mongol empire. they were also used in China before the Mongols arrived.

Question 11

Kubilai Khan

Answer 11

he was a mongol general and statesman and the successor of Genghis Khan he was born in 1215 and died 1294. mongol leaders resisted his claim b/c he was so immersed in China

Question 11

Rabban Bar Sauma

Answer 11

was a nestorian, follower, of a christian tradition that had long flourished in central asia but the west had regarded as heretical since the 5th century. in 1286 he was appointed the Mongols’ ambassador to the kingdoms of the christian west to negotiate an alliance against muslim egypt.

Question 12

Kamikaze

Answer 12

divine typhoons that wrecked the mongol fleets driving the kubilai’s armies back from japan

Question 13

Golden Horde

Answer 13

another name for the ulus juchi which was the western part of the mongol empire which flourished in the mid 13th century -14th century. the people were both turks and mongols.

Question 13

Ain Jalut

Answer 13

1260 the mamluks defeated the mongols in the battle of ain jalut when the rebels didn’t help the mongols. this was the first serious reversal the mongols had experiences since genghis khan united them

Question 14

Il-khan Ghazan

Answer 14

the first mongol ruler to convert to islam and make islam the offical religion

Question 15

Iltutmish

Answer 15

he took command in delhi in 1211. he was raised as a slave and had risen to a general and got his freedom from his ghurid masters. the mongols effectively eliminate any possible invader and drove many refugees to take service with iltutmish.

Question 16

Radiyya

Answer 16

she is iltutmish’s daughter who became his successor after his death in 1236, beating out her brothers. she behaved like a man and dressed like one. she was later deposed in 1240 for her brother because she was accused of taking a slave as a lover.

Question 17

Sultan Muhammad Ibn Tughluq

Answer 17

ruled between 1325-1351 was the driving force of a policy of conquest that almost covered the subcontinent with campaigns. he was generous

Question 18

Ibn Battuta

Answer 18

1325-1351 he was close with the sultan and was a relentless traveler who wanted to find Mali.

Question 18

Black Death

Answer 18

started in china and inner asia between 1347-1351 and spread across europe and north africa, it killed half of the population in europe which did not recover until centuries later.

Question 19

Majapahit

Answer 19

a city that was kertanegara achievement. hayan wuruk, the king who launched the city, has a royal palace and was told to be like the sun and moon while the villages in the rest of the kingdom were stars. the empire had grown prosperous and had a vast number of people with singing dancing and entertainment. in the 1340s the network of majapahit garrison spread around the coasts of the islands of bali and sumatra

Question 20

Sundiata

Answer 20

a hero who founded mali in the early 13th century. his story was that he was a a cripple and mocked and exiled only to return home as a conqueror and avenger.

Question 21

Manas

Question 22

Zimbabwes

Question 23

Chimu

Answer 23

native people in peru before the inca who had set up a political system. 14th century worked with metals, pottery, and the inca absobed a lot of the chimu culture.

Question 24

Tenochtitlan

Answer 24

in mexico, it stood in the middle of a lake and was 5,000 ft above sea level. in the 1400s in the temple of tenochtitlan thousands of captives were slaughtered at once. aztec. they allowed most communities to govern themselves as long as they paid.

Question 25

Timur

Answer 25

the 15th century, turkish and muslim expansion resumed in southern europe and asia under the ottoman rule. timur emerged as leader when turkic nobles rebelled against their mongol masters in his homeland. his successes were not consistent but decreed by God.

Question 26

Mehmet II

Answer 26

was an ottoman sultan in the 13th century. he built huge forts to command the sea approaches to the city and fired the heaviest artillery ever made at its walls. after the fall of constantinople he could see his empire as a continuation of rome's. mehmet extended his territory into greece, romania, and bosnia to seek control of the shores of seas.

Question 27

Zheng He

Answer 27

the muslim eunuch-admiral who in 1405 led the first of a series of naval expeditions to show that china's flag was all over the indian ocean. he was also the yongle emperor's diplomatic agent.

Question 28

Kingdom of Kongo

Answer 28

dominated the congo river's navigable lower reaches starting from the mid 14th century. they became the hosts to the portuguese and adopted their religion and technology. kongo was a formidable regional power .

Question 29

Virji Vora

Answer 29

the richest man in the early 17th century and was the biggest creditor of european merchants in india, a capitalist he reinvested.

Question 30

Suleiman

Answer 30

ruled from 1520-1566, his armies reached from belgrade to the northwest balkans. he extended his rule over almost the whole southern shore of the mediterranean.

Question 31

Maritime Imperialism

Answer 31

china had the best equipped maritime imperialism during the ming period from 1368-1644. since they opted out lesser powers such as europe were able to exploit opportunities in seas that the chinese power had vacated.

Question 32

Aztecs

Answer 32

environmentally diverse empire, dominated modern day mexico between 1325-1521 during the time of the spanish conquest who tried to overthrow the aztecs. rumor had said that the aztecs were supposed to surrender to the spaniards yet they showed no sign of surrendering. the aztecs gave the invaders time to contact disaffected native communities.

Question 33

Incas

Answer 33

began to rise in the early 13th century in modern day peru and chile. they were very advanced and tried to expand more but ultimately lost control of the expansion. had social and political order