midterm

Question 1

Business setting

Software Development is __ __

In order for software companies to survive, development needs to be __

Need ways to avoid ____________________

Answer 1

extremely expensive

predictable

developers building things that are not needed

Question 2

software delivery phases

____ - what is being built
____ - how it will be built
___ - build it
___ - Verify what is built matches the requirements

Answer 2

analysis
design
development
testing

Question 3

Software Design creates a plan to build the entire software applications that __ __ __ __, avoid ____and avoid ___ __ _

Answer 3

multiple developers can follow
duplication
wasted development effort

Question 4

good software design…
Make sure your software _________________

Apply basic __ __ to add ______

Strive for a __________________

Answer 4

does what the customer wants it to do

OO principles to add flexibility

maintainable, reusable design.

Question 5

UML class notation
A class represent a concept which _____state (attributes) and ________(operations).

Each attribute has a ____.

Each operation has a ____.
The ___ __ name is the only mandatory information

Answer 5

encapsulates
behavior

type
signature
class name

Question 6

multiplicity
0..1

1

1..1

Answer 6

zero or one (optional)

one and only one (mandatory)

one and only one alternate (mandatory)

Question 7

multiplicity

0..*

*

1..*

Answer 7

zero or more (optional)

zero or more alternate (optional)

one or more (mandatory)

Question 8

A superclass includes __ __ __ of the subclass, plus possibly more as well

Answer 8

all the instances

Question 9

subclass superclass test
__-_

Answer 9

is-a
baker is a employee

Question 10

A subclass is made up of __ __from another class, the “Parent class” or “superclass.”

Answer 10

selected instances

Question 11

uml
how to show superclass subclass relation

Answer 11

point white arrow toward superclass

Question 12

uml
how to show if a field is protected

Answer 12

#

Question 13

Composition

__ relationship

When you get rid of the __, the __do not exist on their own anymore (in the system you are modelling)

what symbol

example

Answer 13

stronger

whole, parts

black diamond

house (whole), room(part)

Question 14

Aggregation

__relationship

When the __is destroyed, the __can
still exist

More of “__” than an “owns”

what symbol

example

Answer 14

Weaker

whole, parts

uses

white diamond

team (whole) uses player (part)

Question 15

why do we not use «includes» and «extends»

Answer 15

They do not help the diagram much if they are right, but if they are wrong it the diagram will not be correct

Question 16

if b is referenced by classes outside of A (and/or) an instance of b can be referenced by more than 1 instance of A.

Aggregation or composition

Answer 16

aggregation

Question 17

Encapsulation is where the internal details are ____ from the ___ ___and the user can interact only via a well-defined interface

Answer 17

hidden, end user

Question 18

What is the interface
The interface of a class

• Anything that a ___ ___ can use
• __-____ methods (that includes constructors)
• ____-____ fields
• The ____ of the class
• ____ ____ are also part of the interface although the objects that can use these are restricted.
• The interface of the ____ class

Answer 18

• Anything that a client object can use
• Non-private methods (that includes constructors)
• Non-private fields
• The name of the class
• Protected methods are also part of the interface although the objects that can use these are
  restricted.
• The interface of the base class

Question 19

In Java we use Inheritance to design classes that avoid ___ and are easy to maintain.

It is a separation of concerns, whereby we start with a more _____ class, called the ____ class, and derive a more ____ class
(derived class, subclass or “child class”)

When we extend a class, the derived class inherits all the
____-____ code from the base class and so we have accomplished reuse by design

Answer 19

redundancy

general, base, specialized

non-private

Question 20

benefits of inheritance

Answer 20

get to expose code to the derived class without making that code public to everyone.

get to reuse code

Question 21

We can ___ a method from a base class in a derived class to change the implementation of the
method

you must declare a method with the same ____ and ___ ___ in the derived class. This will become the new implementation
(for derived Objects)

Answer 21

override

signature, return type

Question 22

In your derived class, you can also use ____ to reference a method other than the constructor.

Only necessary when you have ____ the method in the derived class

syntax

Answer 22

super

overridden

super.methodNameFromBaseClass(params);

Question 23

abstract class

_____ for actual implementations

Definitions not ____

We can use abstract classes to define classes that should only be _____ of other classes.
Abstract classes can have abstract methods that are ___ _____

Answer 23

Placeholders

implementations

superclasses

not implemented

Question 24

An abstract method contains only a ____.

Subclasses __ ___ these methods

Answer 24

signature

must implement

Question 25

Interfaces are ___ ___ and allow you to implement the sharing of ___ ___ amongst classes

Answer 25

completely abstract multiple properties

Question 26

loose coupling each of its components has, or makes use of,___ ___ ___ _____of the definitions of other separate components takes advantage of ___ example

Answer 26

little or no knowledge encapsulation uber app rider-payment-ride

Question 27

Loose coupling is also closely related to the concept of Class ___, which is to separate ___ ___ from the __ of the class. The creator of the class provides a ____ of the class and lets the user know how the class can be used. The user of the class does not need to know how the class is ____

Answer 27

Abstraction class implementation use description, implemented

Question 28

loose coupling if you have classes Game, Deck and Card, how would you include UNO cards that does not use regular cards?

Answer 28

game, deck and card are still valid without touching the code. create an UnoCard class that extends the Card class

Question 29

Coupling is the measure of the ____ of ___between the modules

Answer 29

degree of interdependence

Question 30

A good software design will have ___ or __ ___

Answer 30

low or loose coupling

Question 31

____ - is a measure of the degree to which the elements of the module are functionally related. all elements directed towards performing a single task are contained in the component A class should represent one logical entity only and all operations should logically fit together in the context of that one entity. MVP/MVC layers - ____ -____ - _____ why is this efficient good software design will have __ __

Answer 31

cohesion user interface data game logic if you want to change the GUI, on the UI has to be changed, the data and logic layers stay the same high cohesion

Question 32

A ___ is something the system must do in order to function correctly A ___ ___ is the steps the system takes to complete a requirement. They also become the basis for your __ ___ ___. Are like the high-level ___ the system

Answer 32

requirement Use case user acceptance tests blueprints

Question 33

use case narratives components

Answer 33

prerequisite goal happy path (1, 2, 3, 4) alternates (1.1, 1.2, 1.3)

Question 34

__ ___ __ - is an interaction between the actor and the system from the point of view of what the user

Answer 34

use case narrative

Question 35

Getting ___ identified and specified is key to the success of the software. They inform the development team as well as the client the entirety of what the software will do

Answer 35

alternates

Question 36

The purpose of the narrative is to identify what the system must do in order to work for the scenario being described. It’s not a _____ __ ___of what is happening the use case is a flow diagram (t/f) The use case diagram is for __ ___ ___. The actual ___ of the application are normally too low level to put on the diagram the use cases should be __ of the software

Answer 36

The purpose of the narrative is to identify what the system must do in order to work for the scenario being described. It’s not a play-by-play of what is happening f, not a flow diagram The use case diagram is for high level requirements. The actual rules of the application are normally too low level to put on the diagram goals

Question 37

______ ____ is a framework teams use to build software 3 types

Answer 37

Software Methodology waterfall iterative agile

Question 38

SDLC meaning

Answer 38

software delivery lifecycle

Question 39

___ ___ are typically the actors that initiate the Use Case(s)

Answer 39

Primary Actors

Question 40

____ ____ are typically the actors that don’t necessarily initiate the Use Case(s), but are required in order to complete them

Answer 40

Secondary/Supporting Actors

Question 41

___ * When a Use Case has specialized behavior, which is modelled by other Use Case(s)

Answer 41

Generalization