Midterm

Question 1

What does SBAR stand for?

Answer 1

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation

Question 2

What is the purpose of SBAR?

Answer 2

To facilitate effective communication in healthcare settings.

Question 3

What is involved in the Situation component of SBAR?

Answer 3

Identify yourself, identify the patient, and the reason for initiating the communication.

Question 4

What is included in the Background component of SBAR?

Answer 4

Relevant history or data needed to evaluate the situation.

Question 5

What does the Assessment component of SBAR entail?

Answer 5

The assessment made and the problem believed to be occurring.

Question 6

What is the Recommendation component of SBAR?

Answer 6

Define the actions needed and recommend specific solutions to the issue.

Question 7

What are the roles of a pharmacist?

Answer 7

Evaluate patients’ health records and drug therapy regimen, provide drug information, and counsel patients.

Question 8

What is the goal of the PPCP?

Answer 8

To optimize patient health and medication outcomes.

Question 9

What are the foundational components of PPCP?

Answer 9

Collaborate, communicate, document.

Question 10

What is a drug-related problem?

Answer 10

An event involving drug treatment that interferes with optimal patient outcomes.

Question 11

What does SOAP stand for?

Answer 11

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan

Question 12

What is the normal temperature range for adults?

Answer 12

97.5 to 99 F (36.4 to 37.2 C)

Question 13

What regulates body temperature?

Answer 13

The hypothalamus.

Question 14

What are the thermometer routes for measuring temperature?

Answer 14

Oral, rectal (most accurate), axillary, tympanic, temporal.

Question 15

What is the normal heart rate range?

Answer 15

60-100 bpm

Question 16

What is bradycardia?

Answer 16

Heart rate less than 60 bpm.

Question 17

What is tachycardia?

Answer 17

Heart rate greater than 100 bpm.

Question 18

What is the normal respiratory rate?

Answer 18

12-20 rpm

Question 19

What is bradypnea?

Answer 19

Respiratory rate less than 12 rpm.

Question 20

What is tachypnea?

Answer 20

Respiratory rate greater than 20 rpm.

Question 21

What defines hypertension?

Answer 21

Blood pressure elevated at 130/80.

Question 22

What defines hypotension?

Answer 22

Blood pressure low at <90/60.

Question 23

What factors can affect blood pressure?

Answer 23

Age, exercise, emotions, weight, race, medications, smoking, caffeine.

Question 24

What is hematopoiesis?

Answer 24

The process of blood cell production.

Question 25

What is the normal value range for leukocytes (WBC)?

Answer 25

4000-10000.

Question 26

What does LDL stand for?

Answer 26

Low-Density Lipoprotein (bad cholesterol).

Question 27

What does HDL stand for?

Answer 27

High-Density Lipoprotein (good cholesterol).

Question 28

What are triglycerides?

Answer 28

The most common type of fat.

Question 29

What are phospholipids?

Answer 29

Major components of cell membranes.

Question 30

What is the normal sodium level in the blood?

Answer 30

135-145 meq/L.

Question 31

What can cause airway inflammation?

Answer 31

Inhaling dust, mold, and pollen.

Question 32

What is asthma?

Answer 32

A chronic disorder causing inflammation in the airways.

Question 33

What can infections like the flu lead to?

Answer 33

Pneumonia or bronchitis.

Question 34

What are some respiratory disorders?

Answer 34

Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Question 35

What types of inhalers are there?

Answer 35

Diskus and Respimat are long-acting; pumps are short-acting.

Question 36

What is important about priming inhalers?

Answer 36

Prime MDI and SMI; do not prime DPI.

Question 37

What does PQRSTA-MAC stand for?

Answer 37

Quickly, Establish, Suggest, Talk.

Question 38

What does the 'P' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 38

Precipitating Factors (what makes symptoms worse).

Question 39

What does the 'Q' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 39

Quality (what is it like).

Question 40

What does the 'R' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 40

Radiation (where is the pain).

Question 41

What does the 'S' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 41

Severity (rate symptoms).

Question 42

What does the 'T' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 42

Temporal (when did it start).

Question 43

What does the 'A' in PQRSTA represent?

Answer 43

Associated Symptoms (any other symptoms).

Question 44

What is the most important lab panel for kidney function?

Answer 44

BMP (creatinine, BUN).

Question 45

What does GFR stand for?

Answer 45

Glomerular Filtration Rate.

Question 46

What are exogenous markers for kidney function?

Answer 46

Inulin, iothalamate.

Question 47

What are endogenous markers for kidney function?

Answer 47

BUN, Cystatin C, SCr.

Question 48

What is the normal range for BUN?

Answer 48

8-20; increases with decreased GFR.

Question 49

What is the formula for EGRF?

Answer 49

EGRF = 0.423 * height (cm) / SCr.

Question 50

What does ABW stand for?

Answer 50

Actual Body Weight.

Question 51

What does IBW stand for?

Answer 51

Ideal Body Weight.

Question 52

What is the formula for IBW for males?

Answer 52

M = 50 + 2.3(height(in) - 60).

Question 53

What is the formula for IBW for females?

Answer 53

F = 45.5 + 2.3(height(in) - 60).

Question 54

What is the formula for Adjusted Body Weight (AdjBW)?

Answer 54

AdjBW = IBW + 0.4(ABW - IBW).

Question 55

When should you use AdjBW?

Answer 55

Use the lower of ABW versus IBW unless ABW is greater than IBW by 30% or more.

Question 56

What are the components of PCCP?

Answer 56

Collect, Assess, Plan Implement, Follow-up