Midterm Flashcards

Question

what are two things that are similar for high Road transfer and low road transfer and what are the differences

Answer 1

Both involve applying knowledge to new situations and are forms of learning transfer. However, while high-road transfer requires conscious and deliberate thinking, low-road transfer happens automatically and unconsciously.

Answer 2

1. Promote Meaningful Learning. 2. Tapping into prior knowledge. 3. Teach Metacognitive Strategies.

Answer 3

Helping students understand and connect new information to what they already know, makes the learning more relevant and useful in real life.

Answer 4

Review students’ prior knowledge before beginning a new lesson or topic. Require students to construct relationships between new information and their prior knowledge. Encourage the use of question-answering and self-explanation strategies. Use manipulatives. Teach by analogy.

Answer 5

Can help prevent negative transfer by assessing students’ prior knowledge before a lesson.

Answer 6

helping students become more aware of their thinking processes and giving them tools to improve their learning.

Answer 7

Receiving: Being open to new ideas (like listening to someone’s opinion). Responding: Showing interest or enthusiasm (like participating in a class discussion). Valuing: Caring about something deeply (like valuing honesty or fairness). Organizing: Sorting out your priorities and beliefs (like deciding which values are most important to you). Characterizing: Making these values a core part of who you are (like living your life based on your beliefs).

Answer 8

Remembering (knowledge): Recalling facts or information (like remembering a phone number). Understanding (comprehension): Grasping the meaning of something (like understanding a math problem). Applying: Using knowledge in real situations (like solving a real-world problem). Analyzing: Breaking information into smaller parts to understand it better (like figuring out why something happened). Synthesis: combine different pieces of information, ideas, or concepts to form a new whole or to generate something original. Evaluating: Judging or deciding the value of information (like deciding if a news article is trustworthy).

Answer 9

1. Reflex movements. ( automatic physical responses to stimuli) 2. Basic Fundamental movement. 3. Perceptual ( refers to the ability to interpret and make sense of sensory information (what we see, hear, feel, etc.) and use that to guide motor actions.) 4. Physical Activities ( the movements and exercises that help individuals develop motor skills, coordination, strength, and physical control.) 5. Skilled movements. 6. Non-discursive communication ( a way to convey meaning that goes beyond words, relying on body language, facial expressions, tone, and other non-verbal cues to express feelings, thoughts, and intentions.)

Answer 10

1. Fixed Ratio (FR): Reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of responses. Example: A rat gets a food pellet after pressing a lever 5 times (FR-5). 2. Variable Ratio (VR): Reinforcement is provided after a variable number of responses. The number of responses required for reinforcement changes. Example: A slot machine pays out after a random number of pulls, making it unpredictable. 3. Fixed Interval (FI): Reinforcement is provided after a fixed amount of time has passed, as long as the behavior has occurred at least once after the interval. Example: A worker gets paid every Friday, regardless of the number of tasks completed. 4. Variable Interval (VI): Reinforcement is provided after a variable amount of time has passed. Example: A teacher gives random pop quizzes at varying intervals.

Answer 11

Both are reinforcement schedules that aim to increase the frequency of a desired behavior. Both can be used to shape behaviors.

Answer 12

A continuous schedule is effective for teaching a new behavior while an intermittent schedule is effective for maintaining behavior. The continuous schedule has one type of schedule which is the fixed continuous schedule while the intermittent schedule has four types.