Midterm

Question 1

What ruling prohibits schools from requiring social security numbers from students?

Answer 1

Plyler v. Doe (1982)

This case addressed the rights of undocumented children to receive an education.

Question 2

What ruling determined that the same schools, the same teachers, and the same textbooks does not constitute equal education?

Answer 2

Lau v. Nichols (1974)

This ruling focused on the rights of non-English speaking students to receive appropriate language support.

Question 3

What is the main focus of The Equal Opportunity Act?

Answer 3

Prohibiting discrimination in education and employment

The act aims to ensure equal access to opportunities irrespective of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Question 4

What is the name of the act that aimed to provide equal opportunities in education for individuals with limited English proficiency?

Answer 4

The Equal Opportunity Act (1974)

This act was designed to ensure that all students have access to educational resources and opportunities, regardless of language barriers.

Question 5

What question shall NOT appear on the Home Language Survey?

Answer 5

What is the student’s country of birth?

The Home Language Survey focuses on language use rather than demographic information.

Question 6

What are the ESOL training requirements for category 1 teachers?

Answer 6

15 semester hours or 300 in service points

Question 7

What distinguishes a category 1 teacher in Florida?

Answer 7

Is the primary Language Arts/English teacher

Question 8

What new group of school personnel were added ESOL training requirements in 2003?

Answer 8

Both school administrators and guidance counselors

Question 9

What are the ESOL training requirements for guidance counselors and administrators?

Answer 9

3 credit hours or 60 in service training hours

Question 10

Which website has resources for promoting cultural understanding in the classroom and community?

Answer 10

NCELA

Question 11

A student who speaks using one word responses in short utterances, and can you answer who what where and either/or questions is said to be at what stage of language development?

Answer 11

Early production

Question 12

An intermediate system that learners create as they learn a new language is called what?

Answer 12

Interlanguage

Question 13

CALP is considered to be context reduced because:

Answer 13

Students must rely primarily on language to attain meaning

Question 14

Decoding and phonics are examples of

Answer 14

Bottom up approaches

Question 15

Descriptive linguistics does what

Answer 15

Analyzes the components of language

Question 16

Factors in second language acquisition, specific to individuals are:

Answer 16

Psychological factors

Question 17

Krashen’s acquisition, learning hypothesis claims that:

Answer 17

Acquisition and learning or two separate processes

Question 18

The ability to produce an understand, language in different context is called:

Answer 18

Sociolinguistic competence

Question 19

The classroom activities of performing interviews in pairs, and an agony column are examples of activities designed to deal with:

Answer 19

Anxiety

Question 20

The idea that learners profit most from language that is slightly more complex than they can easily understand is related to:

Answer 20

The zone of proximal development

Question 21

The phenomenon whereby learners use rules for their first language that are not applicable to the second is called:

Answer 21

Negative transfer

Question 22

The preferences that students have forth, thinking relating to others, and for particular types of classroom, environments and experiences are called:

Answer 22

Learning styles

Question 23

In what stage of language development does the silent period take place?

Answer 23

Preproduction

Question 24

Two categories of psychological factors influencing language acquisition are:

Answer 24

Effective/emotional and cognitive

Question 25

Which of the following is supported by research on the relationship between age and second language acquisition?

Answer 25

Adults proceed through the early stages of syntactic and morphological development, faster than children do

Question 26

Whole language and meaning centered systems of language acquisition are considered to be what language learning

Answer 26

Top down approaches

Question 27

What is another way to refer to BICS?

Answer 27

Social language

Question 28

According to the readings, it is best to treat errors by:

Answer 28

Using different approaches for different types of errors and different age of students

Question 29

Asking ELL‘s to silently carry out commands is an example of which methodology/approach

Answer 29

TPR

Question 30

Derivational morphemes do what

Answer 30

Change the meaning of a word

Question 31

F an ELL understands, could you pass me the all in response by saying yes, and doing nothing the communication breakdown occurred as a result of a lack of what knowledge

Answer 31

Pragmatic

Question 32

In the sentence, Mary hi John, which element enables us to understand exactly who committed the action

Answer 32

Syntax

Question 33

Minimal pair is an activity used in the white approach/method

Answer 33

Audio lingual

Question 34

One effective strategy for building speaking skills is:

Answer 34

Jazz chants

Question 35

The word mbiggy could not exist in English because of:

Answer 35

Phonemic sequences

Question 36

Which approach the language teaching includes instruction in learning strategies?

Answer 36

CALLA

Question 37

Which word carries the lowest degree of semantic stability and conformity?

Answer 37

Play

Question 38

What federal laws mandate bilingual education?

Answer 38

There are no federal laws for this

Question 39

Which Act strengthened the federal government's ability to enforce desegregation and integration?

Answer 39

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act (1964) ## Footnote Title VI plays a key role in establishing the rights of language minority children.

Question 40

What is Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) also known as?

Answer 40

The Bilingual Education Act ## Footnote Signed into law in 1968, it focuses on bilingual education and support services.

Question 41

What type of funding does Title VII provide?

Answer 41

Discretionary funding ## Footnote Funding is not automatically available to every student and is obtained through competitive proposals.

Question 42

What is an acceptable means of instruction according to Title VII?

Answer 42

Native-language instruction ## Footnote This approach is recognized as a valuable method for educating LEP students.

Question 43

What is the Equal Educational Opportunities Act (EEOA)?

Answer 43

The strongest federal protection for the educational rights of LEP students, enacted in 1974. ## Footnote Section 1703(f) of the EEOA addresses language barriers affecting equal participation in instructional programs.

Question 44

What does Section 1703(f) of the EEOA state?

Answer 44

No State shall deny equal educational opportunity to an individual based on race, color, sex, or national origin due to language barriers. ## Footnote This section mandates appropriate steps to overcome language barriers for LEP students.

Question 45

What characterizes the Early Production stage of language acquisition?

Answer 45

Students respond with one or two word answers or short utterances in a low anxiety environment. ## Footnote Errors in grammar and pronunciation are expected, and direct correction is inappropriate.

Question 46

What must teachers provide for students to begin speaking in the Early Production stage?

Answer 46

A need to express themselves and opportunities to produce language. ## Footnote Teachers should model/demonstrate correct responses in context.

Question 47

What is the primary form of communication during the Speech Emergence stage?

Answer 47

Short phrases and sentences. ## Footnote Students begin to communicate more freely among themselves.

Question 48

What instructional strategies should be used to support Speech Emergence learners?

Answer 48

Comprehensible instructional strategies, advance organizers, real objects, modeling, demonstration, visuals, and focused teacher-talk. ## Footnote Small group work is also essential.

Question 49

What type of assessment should be used for students in the Speech Emergence stage?

Answer 49

Performance-based assessment rather than traditional paper and pencil assessment. ## Footnote Teacher observation and frequent oral comprehension checks are important.

Question 50

What defines the Intermediate Fluency stage of language acquisition?

Answer 50

Students may demonstrate near-native or native-like fluency in social settings but may struggle with cognitively demanding, abstract subjects. ## Footnote A high level of literacy is often required in academic settings.