midterm Flashcards
(66 cards)
1
Q
ethics
A
- systemic approach to understanding right vs wrong
- has no clear governing rules
- a reflection of social values
2
Q
virtue ethics
A
- character ethics
- based on innate moral values
- encompasses a patient-centred approach
3
Q
5 focal virtues of virtue ethics
A
- compassion
- integrity
- trust
- discernment
- consciousness
4
Q
relational ethics
A
- focus on the relationship w/ pt and HCW
- purpose is to build rapport
5
Q
4 themes of relational ethics
A
- mutual respect
- engagement
- embodiment
- environment
6
Q
bioethics
A
- associated w/ living organisms
- consists of medical ethics, clinical ethics, ecological ethics, and environmental ethics
7
Q
morals
A
- specific beliefs or behaviours
- derived from ethics
8
Q
non-normative ethics
A
- factual
- uses the past to guide the present
9
Q
normative ethics
A
- guidance though issues w/ ethical prinicples
10
Q
3 types of moral/ethical problems
A
- ethical dilemma
- moral uncertainty
- moral distress
11
Q
ethical dilemma
A
- best course of action is not clear
- picking the most right
12
Q
moral uncertainty
A
- not able to define the problem but know something is wrong
- not sure what principle/value to apply
- a gut feeling
13
Q
moral distress
A
- the problem has a clear solution
- right action is not clear
- not able to act on the problem
14
Q
negative impacts of moral distress
A
- moral outrage
- moral residue
- moral disengagement
- moral courage
15
Q
value
A
- desirable or prized beliefs that guide behaviour
16
Q
belief
A
- confidence, faith, or trust in something
- believing something is true
- an opinion
17
Q
3 types of values
A
- personal (self)
- professional (work)
- institutional (agency)
18
Q
value clarification
A
- as we evolve, so do these
- use this to seek other perspectives
19
Q
value conflict
A
- personal values that are in conflict w/ family, colleagues or an institution
20
Q
mill’s utilitarianism theory
A
- acts on outcomes
- want the best outcome for the most people (throw one person off the lifeboat)
21
Q
act utilitarianism
A
- morals built on its consequence
22
Q
rule utilitarianism
A
- morality based on rules
23
Q
sanctity of life
A
- all life is worth living
24
Q
autonomy
A
- self-governing and free to make a decision
25
non-maleficence
- avoiding causing deliberate, inadvertent, or risk of harm
- preventing harm
26
beneficence
- acting in a way to benefit others
- doing good
27
veracity
- duty to tell the truth
28
fidelity
- being faithful and loyal
29
justice
- fair and equitable resources
- treating everyone fairly
30
confidentiality
- not disclosing private information about another person
31
social justice
- improving the lives of people having faced discrimination
32
egalitarian model (5 criteria)
- public administration
- comprehensiveness
- universality
- portability
- accessibility
33
kant's deontology theory
- acts on duty
- everything is equal (if there's 11 people on a lifeboat they all die)
34
law
- a system of rules and actions to govern people
35
5 functions of the law
- maintain order
- provide solutions
- bring social change
- protect civil rights
- express norms
36
indigenous law
- governed by elders to solve conflicts
- incorporates tradition
- nonauthoritative approach
37
intentional torts
- intend to cause harm
- proof of intention is required
38
common law
- rules developed over time
- common sense
39
civil law
- 1-1
- civil wrong is committed
40
criminal law
- breach of the criminal code
41
statue law
- formal and enacted legislature
42
constitutional law
- developed by the government
ex) charter, voting, freedom
43
unintentional tort
- accidental wrong/injury (an act or an omission) to a person
44
negligence
- failure to provide a standard of care that is reasonable
45
3 elements of negligence
- duty to care
- breach of standard of care
- foreseeable harm caused
46
false imprisonment
- confinement without consent
- unjustifiable detention or a threat to detain
47
apology act
- apology does not mean admission of fault
48
reserved acts
- skills done by people especially trained
- to decrease risk to the public and increase education
49
fraud
- deliberate deception for unlawful gain/falsification of info
50
right to privacy
- no unwanted publicity
- right to be left alone and not abiding
51
invasion of privacy
- seeking knowledge or people you are not authorized for
52
assult
- intentional attempt to cause injury or harm (no physical contact needed)
53
battery
- unlawful and unwarranted physical harm
54
defamation
- false claim or derogatory remark
- creating a falsely negative image
55
slander
verbal defamation
56
liability
- requirement to ensure things are done properly
57
direct liability
- legally responsible for ones actions
58
vicarious liability
- legally responsible for actions they aren't responsible for (ie. hospitals)
59
inquiry
- giving info to the government to help establish facts
- no legal power
60
inquest
- related to fatalities
- help determine the identify of the deceased, facts surrounding the death, cause of death, and if it was preventable
61
7 primary values of the ethical responsibilities from the CRNM
- safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care
- promote health and well-being
- promoting and respecting informed decision-making
- preserving identity
- maintaining privacy
- promoting justice
- being accountable
62
factors threatening autonomy
- paternalistic approach
- assumptions pts values align w/ HCW
- failure to appreciate differences in knowledge
- focus on technology
63
paternalism
- well intended actions
- abuse of power in thinking the HCW know best with no interest in the pts thoughts
64
capacity
- ability to understand what you're told
65
comprehension
- actual understanding of what you're being told
ex) decreases w/ language barrier
66
3 factors of informed consent
- honesty
- trust
- power
